Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on November 28 (December 10 to the present) in 1821 in the town of Nemirov, Podolsk province. He was the third child in the family. Mother Elena Andreevna, nee Zakrevskaya, Little Russian noblewoman. Father Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov, a poor landowner, an army officer. Three years after the birth of his son, he, having retired as a major, permanently moved to his family estate in the Yaroslavl estate of Greshneve, which was located not far from the Volga. Sinner was on the plain, among endless meadows and fields. Here, in the village, the poet spent his childhood. Childhood.

Sinful. It was from Greshnev that Nekrasov, the poet, brought out an exceptional sensitivity to the suffering of others. In Greshnev, Nekrasov's heartfelt affection for the Russian peasant began, which subsequently determined the exceptional nationality of his work. House-Museum in Karabikha House-Estate in Greshnevo

Friendship with peasant children. Along the estate there was an old, neglected garden, surrounded by a blank fence. The boy made a loophole in the fence and in those hours when his father was not at home, he invited peasant children to his place. Children burst into the garden and pounced on apples, pears, currants, cherries. But as soon as the nanny shouted: "Master, master is coming!" how they instantly disappeared. Of course, the lord's son was not allowed to be friends with the children of serfs. But, having improved the convenient moment, the boy ran away through the same loophole to his village friends, went with them into the forest, bathed in the Samarka river. This moment of his life, direct communication with peasant children - influenced his work.

Yaroslavsko-Kostroma road .. The manor house stood at the very road, and the road was crowded at that time. Nekrasov got acquainted with all the working people who went to the village in search of work. Later, the poet recalled these meetings: Under our thick, ancient elms Tired people were drawn to rest. The guys will surround: stories will begin about Kiev, about the Turks, about wonderful animals ... The worker will arrange and spread the shells Planes, files, chisels, knives: "Look, you devils?" So folk life and folk speech became close to Nekrasov from childhood.

The Volga River in the Life of a Poet. The poet's childhood memories are associated with the Volga, to which he dedicated many poems. Here, for the first time, he saw deep human suffering. He walked along the shore in a hot season and suddenly heard groans and saw the barge haulers who were walking along the river, "almost bending their heads / To the legs, entwined with a cord." They groaned from overwork. The child began to reflect on the cruelty of life. The picture of the people's disaster was revealed to him early.

Family relationships. Another grief was constantly next to Nikolai Alekseevich. This is grief in my own family. His mother, Elena Andreevna, a meek woman, suffered greatly in marriage. She was a person of high culture, and her husband, Nikolai's father, was a rude, cruel, ignorant person. All day she sat at home alone, and her husband constantly drove around the neighboring landowners: his favorite pastimes were cards, drinking, hunting dogs for hares. There were days when she sat at the piano all day, singing and crying about her bitter fate. Nekrasov wrote: "She was a singer with an amazing voice." In some of his poems, he reproduced that sad motive inspired by his mother's songs: You played and sang a sad hymn, That song, the cry of a long-suffering soul, Your firstborn inherited later.

She often took part in issues related to the peasants, interceded for them before her husband. But he often pounced on her and beat her. How Nekrasov hated him at such moments! Elena Andreevna was a connoisseur of world poetry and often told her son excerpts from the works of great writers that he could understand. Already an elderly man, Nekrasov recalled in his poem "Mother": And I hear your voice in the dark, Filled with melody and affection, With which you told me fairy tales About knights, monks, kings. Then, when I read Dante and Shakespeare, It seemed that I met familiar features: That images from their living world In my mind you captured.

Love for mother is described in about many poems of the poet: "Motherland", "Mother", "Bayushki-baiu", "Knight for an hour", etc. These are autobiographical poems, they describe people of that era, their relationships, their customs and customs ... Nekrasov said that it was the suffering of his mother that awakened in him a protest against the oppression of women. In his poems, one can see not only pity for a woman, but also hatred for her oppressors.

Yaroslavl gymnasium. Despite the absence of home teachers, by the age of 10 Nekrasov had mastered literacy and in 1832 he entered the Yaroslavl gymnasium together with his older brother Andrei. Staying at the gymnasium did not become a significant stage in Nekrasov's life; he never once remembered either the teachers or the comrades. Four years of study did not give much, and in the last, 1837, Nikolai Nekrasov was not even certified in many subjects. Under the pretext of "upset health", Nekrasov, the father, took his son from the gymnasium. " At this time, Aleksey Sergeevich served as a police officer, and Nikolai helped him as a clerk. The young man, almost a boy, was present "at various scenes of people's life, at investigations, at autopsies, and sometimes at massacres in the taste of the old times." All this made a deep impression on the child and early in living pictures introduced him to the then, often too difficult, conditions of the people's life.

"Petersburg Ordeals". In 1838 Nekrasov decided to enter the St. Petersburg University. This dream was supported by his mother, while his father insisted on entering the cadet corps. But the young man Nekrasov did not listen to his father, he firmly decided not to go to military service and become a "humanist". Young Nekrasov came to St. Petersburg with a letter of recommendation to the gendarme general D.P. Polozov. The general approved the youth's humanitarian plans and wrote about them to his father. The answer was a rude letter threatening to leave without material support, which was done. It is safe to say that no great Russian writer had such a difficult everyday and life experience, through which young Nekrasov went through in his first St. Petersburg years. without money.

Meeting with Belinsky. In 1843, the poet met with V.G. Belinsky, who was passionately carried away by advanced French ideas, who stigmatized the social inequality existing in Russia. He said: “What is it to me that for the elect there is bliss, when the majority do not even suspect its possibilities? Grief, heavy grief takes possession of me at the sight of barefoot boys playing grandmothers in the street, and ragged beggars, and a drunk cabman, and a soldier walking from a divorce, and an official running with a briefcase under his arm. " These ideas found a lively response in the soul of Nekrasov: he experienced the bitter lot of the poor man on his own experience. The creation of the poem "On the Road" (1845) evoked an enthusiastic assessment of Belinsky: "Do you know that you are a poet - and a true poet?" Nekrasov considered communication with Belinsky to be a decisive turning point in his fate. Since 1847, the journal "Sovremennik", founded by A.S. Pushkin, passed into the hands of N.A.Nekrasov and I.I.Panaev. In Sovremennik, Nekrasov's editorial talent flourishes, rallying around the magazine the best literary forces of the 1980s.

Last years At the beginning of 1875, Nekrasov fell seriously ill (doctors discovered he had intestinal cancer), and soon his life turned into a slow agony. The famous surgeon Billroth was discharged from Vienna in vain; the painful operation had led nowhere. The news of the poet's fatal illness brought his popularity to the highest tension. Letters, telegrams, greetings, and addresses were pouring down from all over Russia. They brought great joy to the patient in his terrible torment, and his creativity gushed with a new key. Written during this time, "The Last Songs" by the sincerity of a feeling that focused almost exclusively on memories of childhood, mother and mistakes, belong to the best creatures his muses.

Slide 1

Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov

Biography

Completed by: Gessel T.I.

Slide 2

The thorny life path of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov (until 1847)

Manor in Greshnev

Yaroslavl. General view and the Volga river.

Karabikha

Slide 4

Childhood. Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on November 28, 1821 in the town of Nemirov, Podolsk province. He was the third child in the family. Mother - Elena Andreevna, a Little Russian noblewoman. Father - Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov, a poor landowner, an army officer. Three years after the birth of his son, he, having retired as a major, permanently moved to his family estate in the Yaroslavl estate of Greshneve, which was located not far from the Volga. Sinner was on the plain, among endless meadows and fields. Here, in the village, the poet spent his childhood.

Slide 5

Sinful.

It was from Greshnev that Nekrasov, the poet, brought out an exceptional sensitivity to the suffering of others. In Greshnev, Nekrasov's heartfelt affection for the Russian peasant began, which subsequently determined the exceptional nationality of his work.

House-Museum in Karabikha

House-estate in Greshnevo

Slide 8

Slide 9

Friendship with peasant children. At the estate there was an old, neglected garden, surrounded by a blank fence. The boy made a loophole in the fence and in those hours when his father was not at home, he invited peasant children to his place. Children burst into the garden and pounced on apples, pears, currants, cherries. But as soon as the nanny shouted: "Master, master is coming!" - how they instantly disappeared. Of course, the lord's son was not allowed to be friends with the children of serfs. But, having improved the convenient moment, the boy ran away through the same loophole to his village friends, went with them into the forest, bathed in the Samarka river. This moment in his life - direct communication with peasant children - influenced his work.

Slide 12

Slide 13

Yaroslavsko-Kostroma road .. The manor house stood at the very road, and the road was crowded at that time. Nekrasov got acquainted with all the working people who went to the village in search of work. Later, the poet recalled these meetings: Under our thick, ancient elms Tired people were drawn to rest. The guys will surround: stories will begin about Kiev, about the Turks, about wonderful animals ... The worker will arrange, spread the shells - Planes, files, chisels, knives: "Look, you devils?" show me. So folk life and folk speech became close to Nekrasov from childhood.

Slide 15

I visited Paris, Naples, Nice, But I never breathed so sweetly, As in Sinner ...

His native fields and meadows have also become close to him since childhood. After a trip abroad, he wrote in a draft manuscript:

Slide 16

The Volga River in the Life of a Poet. The poet's childhood memories are associated with the Volga, to which he dedicated many poems. Here, for the first time, he saw deep human suffering. He walked along the shore in a hot season and suddenly heard groans and saw the barge haulers who were walking along the river, "almost bending their heads / To the legs, entwined with a cord." They groaned from overwork. The child began to reflect on the cruelty of life. The picture of the national disaster was revealed to him early.

Slide 19

Slide 20

Family relationships. Another grief was always with Nikolai Alekseevich - grief in his own family. His mother, Elena Andreevna, a meek woman, suffered greatly in marriage. She was a person of high culture, and her husband, Nikolai's father, was a rude, cruel, ignorant person. All day she sat at home alone, and her husband constantly drove around the neighboring landowners: his favorite pastimes were cards, drinking, hunting for dogs with hares. There were days when she sat at the piano all day, singing and crying about her bitter fate. Nekrasov wrote: "She was a singer with an amazing voice." In some of his poems, he reproduced that sad motive inspired by his mother's songs: You played and sang a sad hymn, That song, the cry of a long-suffering soul, Your firstborn inherited later.

Slide 22

She often took part in issues related to the peasants, stood up for them before her husband. But he often pounced on her and beat her. How Nekrasov hated him at such moments! Elena Andreevna was a connoisseur of world poetry and often told her son excerpts from the works of great writers that he could understand. Already an elderly man, Nekrasov recalled in his poem "Mother": And I hear your voice in the dark, Filled with melody and affection, With which you told me fairy tales About knights, monks, kings. Then, when I read Dante and Shakespeare, It seemed that I met familiar features: That images from their living world In my mind you captured.

Slide 24

Love for mother is described in many poems of the poet: "Motherland", "Mother", "Bayushki-baiu", "Knight for an hour", etc. These are autobiographical poems, they describe people of that era, their relationships, their customs and customs. Nekrasov said that it was the suffering of his mother that awakened in him a protest against the oppression of women. In his poems, one can see not only pity for a woman, but also hatred for her oppressors.

Slide 25

Yaroslavl gymnasium. Despite the absence of home teachers, by the age of 10 Nekrasov had mastered literacy and in 1832 he entered the Yaroslavl gymnasium together with his older brother Andrey. Staying at the gymnasium did not become a significant stage in Nekrasov's life; he never once remembered either the teachers or the comrades. Four years of study did not give much, and in the last, 1837, Nikolai Nekrasov was not even certified in many subjects. Under the pretext of "upset health", Nekrasov, the father, took his son out of the gymnasium. " At this time, Aleksey Sergeevich served as a police officer, and Nikolai helped him as a clerk. The young man, almost a boy, was present "at various scenes of people's life, at investigations, at autopsies, and sometimes at massacres in the taste of the old times." All this made a deep impression on the child and early in living pictures introduced him to the then, often too difficult, conditions of the people's life.

Slide 26

"Petersburg Ordeals". In 1838 Nekrasov decided to enter the St. Petersburg University. This dream was supported by his mother, while his father insisted on entering the cadet corps. But the young man Nekrasov did not listen to his father, he firmly decided not to go to military service and become a "humanitarian". Young Nekrasov came to St. Petersburg with a letter of recommendation to the gendarme general D.P. Polozov. The general approved the youth's humanitarian plans and wrote about them to his father. The answer was a rude letter threatening to leave without material support, which was carried out. It is safe to say that not a single great Russian writer had such a difficult everyday and life experience, through which young Nekrasov went through in his first Petersburg years .. without money.

Slide 27

Meeting with V.G. Belinsky.

V. G. Belinsky I. I. Panaev

Editorial board of the journal "Contemporary"

Slide 1

(1821-1878)
Life and work of N. A. Nekrasov
Whatever happens to our literature, no matter how magnificently it develops, Nekrasov will always be among those who make up its pride, its glory, its adornment. N.G. Chernyshevsky.

Slide 2

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on December 10 (according to the old style - November 28), 1821 in the town of Nemyrov (Vinnitsa district of the Podolsk province), in the family of a poor small-country nobleman. He was the third child in the family. Mother - Elena Andreevna, nee Zakrevskaya, Little Russian noblewoman. Father - Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov, a poor landowner, an army officer. Three years after the birth of his son, he, having retired as a major, permanently moved to his family estate in the Yaroslavl estate of Greshneve. Here, in the village, the poet spent his childhood.
Childhood.

Slide 3

Greshnevo
The family estate consisted of a large clumsy house, behind it, in the depths of the garden, there was a small two-story wing - a musician's. There was a kennel behind the estate.
Musician in Greshnevo

Slide 4

At the estate there was an old, neglected garden, surrounded by a blank fence. The boy made a loophole in the fence and in those hours when his father was not at home, he invited peasant children to his place. Children burst into the garden and pounced on apples, pears, currants, cherries. But as soon as the nanny shouted: "Master, master is coming!" - how they instantly disappeared.
Friendship with peasant children.

Slide 5

The Samarka River near Greshnev.
Of course, the lord's son was not allowed to be friends with the children of serfs. But, having improved the convenient moment, the boy ran away through the same loophole to his village friends, went with them into the forest, bathed in the Samarka river. This moment in his life - direct communication with peasant children - influenced his work.

Slide 6

The manor house stood on the very road, and the road was crowded at that time. Later, the poet recalled these meetings: Under our thick, ancient elms Tired people were drawn to rest. The guys will surround: stories will begin about Kiev, about the Turks, about wonderful animals ... The worker will arrange, spread the shells - Planes, files, chisels, knives: "Look, you devils?" show me. So folk life and folk speech became close to Nekrasov from childhood.
Yaroslavl-Kostroma road ..

Slide 7

The poet's childhood memories are associated with the Volga, to which he dedicated many poems. Here, for the first time, he saw deep human suffering. He walked along the shore in a hot season and suddenly heard groans and saw the barge haulers who were walking along the river. They moaned from overwork. The child began to reflect on the cruelty of life. The picture of the people's disaster was revealed to him early.
The Volga River in the Life of a Poet.

Slide 8

Oh, bitterly, bitterly, I sobbed, When that morning I stood On the banks of my native river, And for the first time I called it the River of slavery and longing! ..

Slide 9

Another grief was constantly next to Nikolai in his own family. His mother, Elena Andreevna, a meek woman, suffered greatly in her marriage. She was a man of high culture, and her husband, Nikolai's father, was a rude, cruel, ignorant man: his favorite pastimes were cards, drinking binges, and hunting hares with dogs. She often took part in issues related to the peasants, interceded for them before her husband. But he often pounced on her and beat her. Elena Andreevna was a connoisseur of world poetry and often told her son excerpts from the works of great writers that he could understand. Already an elderly man, Nekrasov recalled in his poem "Mother": And I hear your voice in the dark, Filled with melody and affection, With which you told me fairy tales About knights, monks, kings. Then, when I read Dante and Shakespeare, It seemed that I met familiar features: That images from their living world In my mind you captured.
Family relationships.

Slide 10

On the edge of Abakumtsevo there is the Church of Peter and Paul. She was often visited by the Nekrasov family. In the church fence, opposite the altar wall, on the mother's grave there is a white monument topped with a copper cross.
Monument to Elena Andreevna Nekrasova.

Slide 11

Despite the absence of home teachers, by the age of 10 Nekrasov had mastered literacy and in 1832 he entered the Yaroslavl gymnasium together with his older brother Andrei. Staying at the gymnasium did not become a significant stage in Nekrasov's life; he never once remembered either the teachers or the comrades. Four years of study did not give much, and in the last, 1837, Nikolai Nekrasov was not even certified in many subjects. Under the pretext of "upset health", Nekrasov, the father, took his son out of the gymnasium. "
Yaroslavl gymnasium.

Slide 12

In 1838 Nekrasov decided to enter the St. Petersburg University. My father insisted on entering the cadet corps. But the young man Nekrasov did not listen to his father. Young Nekrasov came to St. Petersburg with a letter of recommendation to the gendarme general D.P. Polozov. The general approved the youth's humanitarian plans and wrote about them to his father. The answer was a rude letter threatening to leave without material support, which was carried out. Not a single great Russian writer had such a difficult everyday and life experience, which young Nekrasov went through in his first years in St. Petersburg.
"Petersburg Ordeals".

Slide 13

A life full of hardships began. Nekrasov wandered through the Petersburg slums, lived in basements and in attics, earned money by writing papers, drawing up all kinds of petitions and petitions for poor people. The poet said that “there were such difficult months for him that he went to Sennaya Square every day, and there, for 5 kopecks or for a piece of white bread, he wrote letters and petitions to the peasants, and in case of failure on the square, he went to the Treasury to sign for illiterate and get a few kopecks for it.
“For exactly three years I felt myself constantly, every day, hungry,” said Nekrasov shortly before his death to critic A. M. Skabichevsky. - I had to eat not only badly, not only from hand to mouth, but not every day. More than once it came to the point that I went to a restaurant on Morskaya Street, where they gave me newspapers to read, even though I didn’t ask myself anything. You used to take a newspaper for the sake of appearance, and you yourself move a plate of bread to you and eat. "

Slide 14

On the advice of one of his acquaintances, Nekrasov decided to collect his published and unpublished poems and publish them in a separate book called Dreams and Sounds. When the censorship permission had already been received, doubts began to plague the young poet. To dispel them, he went for advice to V.A.Zhukovsky. Zhukovsky pointed out to him two successful poems, and advised him not to publish or print the collection without the author's name. “Subsequently, you will write better, and you will be ashamed of these verses,” he added. But it was too late to change anything. The collection "Dreams and Sounds" was published in early 1840. As expected Zhukovsky, the book was not a success.
Later, Nekrasov recalled: “... I come to the store in a week - not a single copy is sold, after another - the same, two months later - the same. In chagrin I collected all the copies and most destroyed. He refused to write lyrical and generally tender works in verse. " And only a few years later, Nekrasov will return to serious poetry, and they will become the main work of his life. In the meantime, he understood only one thing - you need to work, work tirelessly “Lord! how much I worked! It is incomprehensible to my mind how much I worked, I suppose I will not exaggerate if I say that in a few years I completed up to two hundred printed pages of a magazine work; started working on it almost from the first days of his arrival in St. Petersburg. "

Slide 15

Meeting with Belinsky.
In 1843, the poet meets with V.G. Belinsky. The creation of the poem "On the Road" (1845) evoked an enthusiastic assessment of Belinsky: "Do you know that you are a poet - and a true poet?" Nekrasov considered communication with Belinsky to be a decisive turning point in his fate.
V.G.Belinsky

Slide 16

Work at Sovremennik
In the period 1843-1846. Nekrasov published several collections "Articles in verse without pictures", "Physiology of Petersburg", "April 1", "Petersburg collection". In 1847, together with Panaev, he acquired the Sovremennik magazine, which gathered around him the best writers of that time: I.S. critical articles, AI Herzen - the stories "The Thief Magpie" and "Doctor Krupov". Here, poems of Nekrasov himself began to appear regularly. The influence of Sovremennik grew every year, the first works of Leo Tolstoy were published on the pages of Sovremennik: Childhood, Adolescence, Youth and Sevastopol Stories.

Slide 17

I. I. Panaev
Editorial board of the journal "Contemporary"

Slide 18

On May 26, 1848 Belinsky died. It was huge! loss for all Russian literature. But Nekrasov did not lose his presence of mind. At the cost of incredible efforts, he still managed to save the face of Sovremennik and publish on its pages during the "gloomy seven years" the works of such famous Russian writers as I, S. Turgenev, I. A. Goncharov, A. F. Pisemsky, D. V. Grigorovich, V. I. Dal, such poets as N. P. Ogarev, J. P. Polonsky.

Slide 19

Realizing that the censorship at any time can prohibit any work, even already typed in the printing house, and wishing to provide the magazine with material that could always fill the gap that appeared, Nekrasov, together with A. Ya. Panaeva, who wrote under the pseudonym N. Stanitsky, began work on the great novel Three Countries of the World (1848-1849). In a letter to Turgenev, the poet admitted that circumstances forced him "to embark on light fiction." Together with A. Ya. Panaeva, Nekrasov wrote another great novel - "Dead Lake" (1851). The joint work brought the poet closer to A. Ya. Panaeva, whom he had long loved. Soon she became his common-law wife.

Slide 20

1868-1878 - Nekrasov - editor of Otechestvennye zapiski.
At his invitation, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin works with him. In the department of fiction, Shchedrin, A.N. Ostrovsky, G.I. Uspensky are published.
During these years, Nekrasov was working on the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia" (1866-76), which remained unfinished, created a poem about the Decembrists and their wives ("Grandfather", 1870, "Russian Women" 1871-72), etc.

Slide 21

The heyday of Nekrasov's creativity
The highest flowering of creativity Nekrasov began in the mid-1850s. In 1855 he finished the poem "Sasha", wrote the poems "Forgotten Village", "Schoolboy", "Unhappy", "Poet and Citizen". The collection "Poems" (many of the poems included in the collection were dedicated to A. Ya. Panaeva), published in 1856, was greeted with extraordinary enthusiasm. Even those who did not fully share the poet's ideological views responded positively.

Slide 22

In the early 1850s, Nekrasov fell seriously ill. The disease progressed every year: years of poverty, hunger, hard exhausting work affected. The poet was convinced that his days were numbered, and decided that it was time for him to take stock of his creative path... To this end, he undertook the publication of a collection of poems, for which he selected the best works written by him in the period from 1845 to 1856. was intended to give the entire collection a socially significant character and civic sound.

Slide 23

SPLIT IN THE "CONTEMPORARY". CREATIVITY OF NEKRASOV in the 1860s
Turgenev, Grigorovich, L.N. Tolstoy were wary of the excessively radical judgments of Chernyshvsky and Dobrolyubov, who were convinced that social transformations in Russia can only be carried out through a peasant revolution. Nekrasov found himself in a quandary. On the one hand, he greatly appreciated the participation of Turgenev and Tolstoy in Sovremennik, especially since he had a long-standing friendship with the former, and on the other hand, the poet was clearly aware that it was Chernyshevsky and Dobrolyubov who gave his magazine direction. Which was close to him.

Slide 24

From 1863 until his death, Nekrasov worked on the main work of his life - the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia". The poet told the journalist P. Bezobrazov: “I decided to present in a coherent story everything that I know about the people, everything that I happened to hear from their lips, and I started“ Who lives well in Russia ”. It will be the epic of modern peasant life ”.

Slide 25

POETRY OF NEKRASOV IN THE 1870s. "LATEST SONGS"
In the mid-1870s, Nekrasov fell ill. He complained of malaise, lethargy, and back pain. Doctors could not make a diagnosis for a long time. The drugs didn't help. The trip to the Crimea, undertaken on the advice of the famous doctor S.P.Botkin, did not help either. Already seriously ill, Nekrasov created the poem "Contemporaries" (1875). He continued to work on the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia". However, the poet's powers were melting, and more and more often thoughts of impending death occurred to him.

Slide 26

Only at the end of 1876 did doctors define the disease as cancer. At their insistence, the poet underwent an operation, but it only delayed death by several months. His wife Zinaida Nikolaevna looked after the sick Nekrasov with touching care and tenderness.

Slide 27

When the first poems from the “Last Songs” cycle appeared in print, from which the readers learned about the poet's serious illness, letters of sympathy began to come to him from all over the country. In the evening of December 27, 1877 (January 8, 1878 in a new style), Nekrasov died. Despite the severe frost, a crowd of several thousand people, mostly young people, accompanied the poet's body to the place of his eternal rest in the Novodevichy Convent.

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is a Russian revolutionary democratic poet.

Born on November 28, 1821 in the city of Nemyriv, Podolsk province, in the family of an officer. Nikolai's mother Elena Zakrevskaya was the daughter of a petty official and married the father of the future writer in secret from her parents.

Nekrasov's childhood passed in the village of Greshnevo, Yaroslavl Province, in family estate father. In total, the family had 14 children. Nikolai's father, Alexei Sergeevich, had serfs at his disposal, with whom he treated very cruelly.

Nikolai's mother also suffered from his father's actions, but tried to instill in children a love of literature. Nekrasov began writing his first poems at the age of seven. From 1832 to 1837 he studied at the Yaroslavl gymnasium.

At the age of 17, without completing his studies, the young man leaves for St. Petersburg to enter the noble regiment. His father dreamed about it. But upon arrival, Nekrasov changes his mind and makes an attempt to enroll in the university.

However, he fails the exams, which forces him to enter the Faculty of Philology of St. Petersburg University as an auditor. He stayed here until 1841, in constant financial need.

Interrupting odd jobs, the young man gets to know the literary figures of the city. In 1838, the journal "Son of the Fatherland" published Nekrasov's poem "Thought". This was the first publication of the poet.

In 1840, using the accumulated funds, he published the collection "Dreams and Sounds". Since 1841 he has been engaged in journalistic activities, collaborating with the journal Otechestvennye zapiski and other periodicals in St. Petersburg.

In 1842, a meeting with Belinsky took place, who subsequently had a great ideological influence on the writer. From 1843 to 1856 he published almanacs "Articles in Verse ...", "Petersburg Collection" and "April Fools' Day".

From 1847 to 1866 he worked as editor of the Sovremennik magazine. In the mid-1850s, he was treated for a throat disease in Italy. During his work at Sovremennik, Nekrasov became one of the most prominent representatives of Russian literature.

In 1847 - 1864, the poet was married to the writer Avdotya Panaeva, who was also an employee of Sovremennik. The period is characterized by lyric works Nekrasov and poems of the life of the people.

In 1866, after political events in the country and persecution by censors, the magazine was closed forever. From 1866 to 1876 he worked on the peasant poem "Who Lives Well in Russia". From 1868 until his death, together with Saltykov-Shchedrin, he led the publication of Otechestvennye zapiski.

In 1875 he fell ill with a serious illness. For the next two years, the poet was bedridden. In the year of the writer's death (1877) a collection of poems "Last Songs" was published.