Japanese transcription- This article describes the phonetics and phonology of the Japanese language. Kana pronunciation Table format: Hiragana (if any); Katakana; Polivanov's system; Romaji; Transcription. syllables yon あ, ア, a, a, / a / [a]. い, イ ... Wikipedia

ツ

シ - Katakana カ タ カ ナ Type: syllabic Languages: Japanese, Ryukyu, Ainu Period: from the 8th century AD to the present Origin: Kanji Ma ... Wikipedia

ヱ - Katakana カ タ カ ナ Type: syllabic Languages: Japanese, Ryukyu, Ainu Period: from the 8th century AD to the present Origin: Kanji Ma ... Wikipedia

ヰ - Katakana カ タ カ ナ Type: syllabic Languages: Japanese, Ryukyu, Ainu Period: from the 8th century AD to the present Origin: Kanji Ma ... Wikipedia

Cyrillization of the Korean language- using Cyrillic letters to write Korean words written in Hangeul. The Kontsevich system was adopted as the standard for the transcription of Hangul syllables, with the exception of using zh instead of j to describe the sound transmitted by the letter ㅈ in ... ... Wikipedia

State (final) certification- (also GIA 9, GVE) the main type of exam in grade 9 in educational institutions in Russia. Serves to control the knowledge gained by students for 9 years, as well as for admission to grade 10 or to institutions of secondary vocational education ... ... Wikipedia

Okinawan letter- This is an article about the writing of the modern Okinawan language. For the scripts of other Ryukyu languages, see a separate article. The Okinawan language spoken in Okinawa was in the past the state language of the Ryukyu Kingdom. The documents were written in kanji and ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Russian language. Grade 9. Preparation for the OGE and GVE. Educational and practical reference book, Elena Aleksandrovna Makhanova. The manual is intended to prepare for the State Final Attestation (GIA), conducted in the form of the Basic State Examination (OGE) in Russian in the 9th grade of the secondary ... Buy for 378 rubles
• Preparation for the OGE and GVE in the Russian language. Grade 9, Elena Aleksandrovna Makhanova. The manual will help students of secondary schools prepare for the State Final Attestation (GIA), conducted in the form of the Basic State Examination (OGE) in Russian ... Buy for 292 rubles
• Maths. State Final Exam (GVE) in the 9th and 11th grades. Diagnostic work, exercises, sample solutions, training options, step-by-step problem solving,. The purpose of the proposed study guide is to help prepare for the GIE (state final exam) in mathematics in grades 9 and 11 (written form). The manual gives an idea of ​​...

Today it is difficult to find at least one student who would not be affected in one way or another by the reform of the educational sphere. Having got used to such terms as the GIA and the Unified State Exam, I very quickly had to get used to the new OGE and GVE. However, the change in abbreviations did not add clarity to the essence of these concepts.

Exam in grade 9 - GIA, OGE or GVE what is the difference?

First of all, OGE and GVE are parts of an integral system (State Final Attestation) according to the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2013 and are held in the 9th grade. That is, the GIA, as defined by law, can take place in two forms - GVE and OGE:

1) The OGE is carried out using CMM (control measuring materials) for all students in secondary educational institutions of the country and persons with foreign citizenship, statelessness, refugees, migrants who have independently mastered the entire required volume of the educational program and have access to the GIA.

2) GVE is carried out through a written and oral exam - texts, topics, tasks, tickets, tests - for all students of special secondary educational institutions of a closed type, including those who are punished in the form of imprisonment, and people with disabilities.

As for the definitions themselves, the decoding of the OGE is as follows - "The main state exam". Accordingly, the GVE is the “State Final Exam”. They are compulsory for all pupils finishing 9th grade and consist of two compulsory subjects (mathematics and Russian) and two subjects to choose from.

What is GVE?

This format of the unified state exam is taken by all ninth-graders and eleventh-graders who have any restrictions on their health or study in specialized closed-type institutions. The rest, who do not have health problems, undergo GIA in the form of OGE according to standard tests (CMMs).

However, in the coming year, the Department of Education has already provided for some changes in the system of state examinations. For example, the GIA (OGE) 2015 will begin no earlier than May 25 in all compulsory subjects and not earlier than April 20 for the rest. All information regarding the OGE will be published in the media and on the official websites of education authorities by April 1.

Changes in GIA 2015 (OGE)

In the OGE 2015, changes will also affect the very issuance of a certificate of maturity. Now, to get it, you must pass at least four exams (two compulsory and two optional) with a grade of at least "satisfactory". In addition, mathematics and Russian, as before, remain unchanged to delivery. The rest of the subjects are individually selective for each student and make up a list of twelve disciplines, including the OGE in English: physics, chemistry, computer science, geography, social studies, literature, history, biology, German, Spanish and French. As for the content and procedure of the GIA, the structure of the measuring materials and the duration of the exam itself remain unchanged.

Thus, the OGE and the GVE are, in essence, two names for the same general process of passing the final exams, the difference between which is only in minor positions.

GVE stands for"State Final Exam" and is carried out using tests, tickets, assignments. Like the standard OGE, it began to be used in secondary schools since 2002 and today it serves as a mandatory certification for students in grades 9 and 11.

In essence, the GVE serves as an analogue of the unified state exam (the main state exam), however, it is intended for a certain category of students and has some differences.

What is GVE?

GVE is one of the forms of attestation carried out at the state level among schoolchildren who have mastered the program of general or secondary education. This exam is passed only by those students who, for some reason, cannot pass the standard test.

Certification involves passing examinations in oral and written form. Compulsory subjects are mathematics and Russian, the rest of the student can take at his discretion.

When passing the certification in the Russian language, students are offered the choice of writing an essay or a presentation with a creative task. During testing, there are assistants in the classroom who can provide technical assistance to the student.

Exam options in mathematics consist of ten tasks, including problems in arithmetic, probability theory, geometry and algebra. All of them require a detailed answer and a solution that should demonstrate the student's knowledge in mathematical sciences.

Who takes the GVE?

The list of students is determined by orders of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and includes students who are trained in closed educational institutions, institutions of the penitentiary system, as well as students with disabilities.

The latter include children with mental or physical disabilities - deaf and dumb, poor seeing, having severe speech disorders, diseases of the locomotor system, including disabled people of different groups.

To take part in the exams, students or their parents (persons replacing them) must, by March 1, write an application for delivery with an indication of the list of selected subjects and provide documents confirming the impossibility of participating in the regular certification. This can be the conclusion of the medical commission or a certificate of disability.

Recently, there are a lot of such abbreviated words as the Unified State Exam, GIA, GVE, VPR in school. Explaining what the numerous abbreviations mean for 9th and 11th grade graduates. We are sure that now there will be no confusion.

GIA- This is the state final certification. It is traditionally held in grades 9 and 11. The GIA has varieties. We will tell you more about each of them.

OGE- the main state exam in 9th grade.

This is a form of state final certification, which tests the knowledge of 9th grade students. Examinations are held at special points (PES), standardized test materials are used as tasks, which are called CMMs.

KIM Are specially designed standardized test items. Every year they are published on the website fipi.ru, and anyone can not only see what sample tasks await him on the exam, but also try their hand: answer all questions, independently check the work (according to special criteria) and calculate the number of points earned ...

Unified State Exam- unified state exam in 11th grade.

This is a form of state final certification, which tests knowledge for the entire course of 11 years of study in secondary school. This exam is also standardized and conducted by CMMs. At the same time, the USE scores are the basis for becoming an entrant to a higher educational institution, since when recruiting for 1 year of a bachelor's or specialty degree, the main competitive recruitment is carried out precisely on the basis of the USE scores.

GVE-9 and GVE-11- State final exam in grades 9 and 11. This is another form of state examination for students who have certain health limitations. Also, the GVE is taken by pupils of educational institutions of a closed type and students who are in places of imprisonment. These graduates are given the opportunity to pass the state exam in a somewhat lighter form or in more comfortable conditions (depending on the situation). The GVE is carried out at the same time as the OGE and the Unified State Examination. If you have any questions or doubts, then feel free to contact the head teacher of the school, they will give you competent answers. They are required to be aware of all regulations, and they are also interested in that you complete all documents on time and correctly.

By the way, here is the official bank of GVE-2018 assignments for students with disabilities.

What are the main differences between the USE and the GVE?

1. GVE is almost always a big test, and not a CMM test (although lightweight testing options are also found).

There are several forms of examinations. For example, in the Russian language, it can be a dictation, and a presentation, and an essay. In mathematics, tests are provided both in oral and written forms. In what format this or that graduate with disabilities (disabilities) will take the exam, is determined on the basis of the conclusion of the medical commission. Sometimes the right to choose the exam form is given to the graduate himself right on the exam itself. For example, at the GVE in the Russian language, you can choose between writing a presentation or an essay. Usually, graduates choose the task that seemed simpler and more understandable to them.

2. The exam time is always increased by 1.5 hours.

3. Participants of GVE-9 and GVE-11 can use the technical means they need (it is true that they will not be able to write off using a smartphone).

4. An assistant may be present in the exam room along with the GVE participants.

5. For HVE participants with disabilities, meals and exam breaks are organized (and this time will not be counted as the exam time).

6. Sometimes the number of graduates who are in one classroom during the exam is limited, their number can be reduced, for example, from 15 to 5 people.

7. For those graduates with disabilities who cannot appear for the exam, the delivery of the GVE is organized right at home: 2 organizers come, and the apartment or house is equipped with an offline video surveillance system.

Is it possible to enter a university based on the results of the GVE-11?

If you successfully passed the GVE in grade 11, this means that you have a school certificate in your hands. You have every right to submit documents to the university. However, the results of the GVE, in contrast to the USE scores, cannot be counted by any university according to the law.

But do not despair, there is a solution: each university is obliged to conduct separate entrance tests for you in this case in order to give you a chance to become a student. What exams and in what form (orally or in writing) you will take, this can only be found in a specific university, since each higher educational institution has the right to determine the form and complexity of the examination tests independently. To do this, we advise you to contact the admissions office directly.

What is the PMPK medical report?

PMPK is a psychological, medical and pedagogical commission. If you want to take in grades 9 or 11 of the GVE, then you cannot avoid this procedure. Only on the basis of the results of the PMPC, you will receive an official document giving the right to take the GVE.

PMPK determines whether or not a graduate has disabilities and issues a special opinion. With this document in hand, the graduate and his family can choose which form of final certification suits them best. Some schoolchildren with disabilities still choose the Unified State Exam in order not to take additional exams at the university.

It must be remembered that you can receive the PMPK conclusion no later than March 1. We advise you not to delay or postpone the PMPK until March, because no later than March 1, you must officially notify the school (in a written application) about which exams and in what form you intend to take.

We also remind you that conclusion of the PMPK cannot completely exempt a graduate from passing the GIA (state final attestation). Also, this medical certificate does not give any additional benefits when entering a university. Only disabled children, as well as disabled people of I and II groups, can enter the university out of competition.

They will help you prepare qualitatively for both the Unified State Exam and the GVE.

State final certification (GIA) is mandatory and is carried out at the end of the 9th and 11th grades. Its purpose is to determine the compliance of the results of mastering educational programs with existing standards and requirements.

GIA after grade 9 includes compulsory exams in the Russian language and mathematics, as well as exams in two academic subjects of the student's choice. You can choose from physics, chemistry, biology, literature, geography, history, social studies, foreign languages, computer science and information and communication technologies. GIA after the 9th grade is carried out in the form of the main state exam (OGE) or in the form of the state final exam (GVE).

GIA after grade 11 includes two compulsory exams in Russian language and mathematics. Students take exams in other academic subjects on a voluntary basis of their choice. You can choose from literature, physics, chemistry, biology, geography, history, social studies, foreign languages, computer science and information and communication technologies. GIA after grade 11 is carried out in the form of a unified state exam (USE) or in the form of a state final exam (GVE).

GIA in the form of OGE and USE is carried out using control measuring materials, which are complexes of tasks of a standardized form. The form for passing the GIA in the form of the OGE and the Unified State Exam is a general rule for students of educational organizations, including for foreign citizens and stateless persons, refugees and internally displaced persons. In addition, the OGE and USE are taken by students in the form of family education or self-education, admitted to the SIA this year.

The GIA in the form of the Unified State Exam in Mathematics is conducted at two levels:

• Unified State Exam in mathematics at the basic level. This exam is aimed at those who do not need mathematics in further education. Either training is not assumed at all, or it is assumed in specialties, for admission to which entrance examinations in the academic subject of mathematics are not required.
• Unified State Exam in mathematics of the profile level. The results of this exam are recognized as admission to universities for undergraduate and specialist programs.

GIA in the form of GVE is conducted in the form of written and oral examinations using texts, topics, assignments and tickets. The form for passing the GIA in the form of GVE is an exception to the general rule and applies to students:

• with disabilities;
• disabled children and disabled children;
• mastered in 2014-2016 educational programs in educational institutions located on the territory of the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol;
• in special educational institutions of a closed type;
• institutions executing punishment in the form of imprisonment;
• in educational organizations located outside the territory of the Russian Federation, and implementing educational programs for accreditation in the Russian Federation.

These students, at their discretion, can choose separate academic subjects for passing the SIA in the form of the OGE and the Unified State Exam.

Also, the GIA can be conducted in the form established by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, for students who studied their native language and native literature and chose the exam in their native language and literature to pass the GIA.