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Native language!
He has known me since childhood.
On it for the first time I said "mom",
On it I swore allegiance to the stubborn.
And every breath is clear to me on it.
Native language!
He is dear to me, he is mine,
On it the winds whistle in our foothills,
Birds babble to me in green spring...
But like a native
I love the Russian language.
I need him like heaven
Every moment.
On it live, quivering feelings
They opened up to me.
And the world opened up in them.
I understood the Russian word "happiness",
Great happiness to live in a big country,
With him I'm not afraid of grief and bad weather,
With him I will not burn in any fire.
Two rivers flow in the heart, without shallowing,
become one river...
Forgetting your native language
I will go numb.
Having lost Russian -
I will become deaf.

Presenter 1 : Good afternoon, dear friends!All human life is inextricably linked with language. As children, we listen with rapture from grandmothers folk tales, songs. Later at school there is an acquaintance with classical literature, with poetry and with the work of such wonderful masters of the word, such as E. Emin, R. Gamzatov, O. Batyray, I. Kazak, S. Stalsky, G. Tsadasa and many other representatives of the peoples of Dagestan .

Lead 2 : In November 1999, the 30th General Conference of UNESCO proclaimed the International mother tongue. It has been celebrated since February 2000. The measure adopted by the world community is designed to promote the recognition of the diversity of languages ​​and cultures, the freedom of their manifestation. The holiday is celebrated annually on February 21st. Happy holiday, dear friends!

Dance (opening of the holiday)

Presenter 1 : Today all dialects of the planet

They march in unison,

Carrying the culture of sweet speech,

And uniqueness among equal masses.

Like the rest of the world community, we celebrate Mother Language Day. Language is a whole world full of charm, charm and magic. He is the living memory of the people, his soul, his heritage.

Lead 2 : Dagestan is famous in the world as the most multilingual republic. This is the uniqueness of our small motherland. In every village, aul, the native dialect of the Dagestanis murmurs like a stream.

The Dagestan languages ​​reflected a rich and glorious history of our people: they left their mark and oral creativity, and great work writers, and the creative work of all the people.

Presenter 1 : In every Dagestan village there is a place where men gather every day and this place is called godekan.Godecan- the heart of the village. On the one hand, it seems that people come there because they have nothing to do. But on the other hand, it is not. Godekan is considered a kind of school, and every man in the Dagestan village considered it his duty to visit it. At the godekan, all rural news, problems and affairs were discussed and discussed. Any person who first came to some familiar or unfamiliar village would definitely go there.

Lead 2 : Boys sometimes appeared at the godekan, who eventually learned the norms of behavior in society. Those who are older could give them any order, and they had to carry it out immediately and without discussion. Often at the godekan they arranged games for children, taught them to wrestle and throw stones. Coming godekan, the younger generation learned to respect the elders and listen to the traditions and customs of their ancestors.

We invite you today to the modern godekan.

(Scene with elders at the Godekan)

Presenter 1 : You will learn a lot of interesting things about the language if you are attentive to words, to speech, if you are thoughtful listeners.

Our precious Tabasaran language -

Rich and resonant

That powerful and passionate

That is soft and melodious.

(tabasaran song)

Lead 2 : My Lak language is a rich heritage,

Coming from the depths of time.

You reflect the thoughts of a person.

You help express love.

(sketch, song in Lak language)

Presenter 1 : You create poems from letters.

Keeping hundreds of thousands of words in stock.

The blessing that descended upon us

Kumyk is my language that has penetrated into our blood.

(verse in Kumyk language, song)

Lead 2 : It also has a smile,

And accuracy, and affection.

Written by him

And stories, and fairy tales -

magical pages,

Exciting books!

I love my Lezgi language!

(verse, scene in Lezg. language)

Presenter 1 : Any language is great in its own way,

A priceless legacy.

So let's save our Dargin language,

Like the most precious thing in the world.

(sketch and verse in Dargin language)

Lead 2 : Many languages ​​in the world of different
I couldn't learn them all
They are all beautiful in their own way.
Each has its own zest.

They speak French in Paris
Berlin speaks German;
My dear, Avar, is dear to me,
For me, he is the only one.

(sketch in Avar language)

Exit of the aksakal : - Barcalla, barcalla, children! You surprised us, pleasantly surprised.

Remember guys!

It's so hard on Earth without a language!

Don't express happiness or sadness...

The mountains are silent for many years.

What did they dream about when they rose up?

Everything is in the language: birth, the first step,

Love and death, and life on a new takeoff.

And if our language suddenly disappears.

You won't find people anymore!

Presenter 1 : The song is the soul of the people. The world of the Dagestan song is truly inexhaustible: as if the ocean is in constant motion, storing and increasing its priceless treasures.

On International Mother Language Day

We wish you:

Love the language, keep it for a day and forever!

Do not forget the melody of the native language!

(potpourri song)

More than half of the 6900 languages ​​of the world are listed in a kind of "Red Book". According to UNESCO, two languages ​​disappear on earth every month. All (!) languages ​​of Dagestan also belong to the endangered ones. the day before international day native language, which is celebrated on February 21, "AiF-Dagestan" remembered the multilingualism of the republic.

Non-identical Dagestan

It is hardly possible to find another territory with such a complex interweaving of languages ​​as Dagestan. Even among the Arab medieval geographers, Dagestan was known not only as a “country of mountains”, but also as a “mountain of tongues”.

Help AiF-Dagestan

Within one language there are many dialects. For example, the author of this article is a Dargin by nationality. He comes from a village in which the original Dargin language absorbed the words and grammar of Avar, Tabasaran and a number of other languages."Literary" Dargin simply does not understand the dialect of the author, although both of them belong to the same language group.

Big problems of small nations

And there are countless such examples in Dagestan. The current time for Dagestan and its languages ​​is the most difficult. The younger generation is less and less likely to use their national dialect in everyday speech.

In order to restore these gaps and help languages ​​live another year, in Dagestan regularly by February 21 in all educational institutions hold reading competitions, open lessons. But the problem cannot be solved only in schools, experts say. Linguists believe that the important thing in this work is the use of the national language by parents in conversation with children. Only then will Dagestan be able to preserve its linguistic coloring and uniqueness.

Jackie is not a name, it is a nation

The preservation of endangered languages ​​and peoples who speak rare dialects and dialects is the most important work that needs to be done in the region every day. One of the nationalities on the verge of extinction, the Jacks (or Jeklins), live on the border territory of Southern Dagestan and Northern Azerbaijan. According to Abdulkadyr Omarov, head of the Department of the History of Dagestan of the Faculty of History of Dagestan State University, jacks are the so-called. "sub-ethnic" group of Kryzes living in several villages of the Magarmkent and Akhtyn regions of the Republic of Dagestan, as well as in the territory of the Quba and Khachmas regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, in the cities of Baku and Sumgayit.

“Jacks speak the dialect of the Lezgi language,” says Naida Sultanmuradova, associate professor, senior lecturer at the Dagestan Languages ​​Department of the Faculty of Philology of Dagestan State University. - The language of the Jacks is unwritten. All jacks are multilingual, with the majority of the population speaking three or more languages. However, languages international communication for jacks are Lezgi and Azeri.

My tongue is my friend

Interesting facts about some Dagestan languages ​​were also given by Nina Sumbatova, Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor of the Educational and Scientific Center for Linguistic Typology at the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian State Humanitarian University:

“We are studying the Dargin language. This is one of the largest languages ​​of Dagestan - it is spoken by over half a million Dagestanis. The problem with it is the following. In fact, this is not a language, but a group of languages, and the relationship between them is very distant. The Dargin dialects broke up over two thousand years ago, and, accordingly, the relationship between them is less than even between the Slavic languages.

And the similarities between some of them "to the naked eye" is simply impossible to notice. When we were in Dagestan, this happened to us: we came from one village to another, and sometimes in each village we met at least a new dialect. Sometimes the language of one village was so different from another that I wanted to call it a new language. Often, the Dargins of one region do not understand well the speech of the Dargins of another, even the neighboring region.”

The range of problems that each Dagestan nationality faces is wide. Preserving the native language, not losing the unique dialects and dialects is just a drop in the ocean of linguistic and historical issues, the solution of which still remains a difficult task. It is almost impossible to stop the processes, which include every single one, most often.

Have the authorities correctly placed the emphasis on the issue of preserving native speech

The issue of preserving native languages ​​in Dagestan has never ceased to be relevant. In the context of the wide linguistic diversity characteristic of the republic, the preservation and development of native speech is a matter of priority, although it is extremely difficult.

One of the reasons for the problem is unequal rights between carriers different languages in Dagestan. For example, the languages ​​of the Avars and Azerbaijanis have official status and the full support of the regional authorities, while the Andean and Tsez languages ​​do not have official status, these languages ​​are not taught in schools, as if these languages ​​do not exist at all.

On the other hand, the autochthonous languages ​​of the republic were left face to face with a common problem - Russification, which is rapidly affecting the Dagestan society. This trend affects absolutely everyone - from Avars and Lezgins to Tsakhurs and Karatas.

The transition of the population to the Russian language is to a large extent connected with the decline in the prestige of the native language. V modern life especially in cities, young people increasingly understand that they can do without their native language, the main thing is to know Russian and it would not be bad to have some other foreign language.

In addition, one cannot fail to say about the school - teaching native languages ​​has become a formality, the level of many teachers does not even meet the minimum requirements, children study using old textbooks, which are noticeably lacking, and many necessary methodological materials are missing.

These and many other problems in the field of preservation and development of linguistic diversity in Dagestan should be the front of obligatory work for the republican government. However, the latest statements by the authorities suggest that Dagestan has little idea of ​​what to do with languages.

The languages ​​of Dagestan are under threat

So, on October 10, the head of the Ministry for National Policy of Dagestan Tatiana Gamaley stated that of the 32 languages ​​​​recorded in the republic (we are talking about the languages ​​\u200b\u200bof the "titular" peoples, including Russian, Azerbaijani and Chechen), 18 are on the verge of extinction. As the official explained, these languages ​​are unwritten ( in fact, writing has been created for the majority, there are dictionaries - approx. FLNKA) and have a small number of supports. At the same time, in her opinion, nothing threatens the 14 literary languages.

However, on October 21, the head of the Ministry of Nationalities of Dagestan said that in Dagestan there is a shortage of textbooks for learning local languages. According to her, there are textbooks for 14 languages, but they are few, and most of they are completely outdated. In addition, she noted the lack of authors who are able to create high-quality textbooks. The minister also referred to the problems the need for their compliance with the VGOS, which involves certification and licensing of textbooks, conducting a special examination, and this, in the presence of 14 languages, creates additional complexity.

It is noteworthy that in both the first and second cases, Tatyana Gamalei avoids the question of increasing the number literary languages in Dagestan, which inevitably arises. It is obvious that endangered languages ​​need status, recognition and state support. However, judging by the minister's rhetoric, she does not care at all.

Tatiana Gamaley

“In my opinion, in order to effectively solve the problem of small laws, it is necessary to cancel the absurd resolution of the State Council of the Republic of Dagestan “On the indigenous peoples of the Republic of Dagestan” of 2001 and adopt a separate republican law on them.

The list of indigenous peoples should include more than two dozen communities, each of which has less than 50 thousand people. Obtaining such a status for these peoples would allow solving not only linguistic, but also other problems that are relevant to them..

Will books and holidays save native languages?

In fairness, we note that the minister still offers something. Thus, according to Gamaley, the Center for the Study of the Republic's Native Languages ​​operates at the DSU. She does not specify what exactly he is doing, mentioning only a number of some events in 2017 as part of the Federal Target Program for the Support of Native Languages. True, this looks like a formal need to report to Moscow.

On October 21, the Republic celebrated the Day of Dagestan Culture and Languages ​​for the second time. The holiday is definitely needed. By this date, the Center, together with the Minnats, published seven new books in the languages ​​of the peoples of Dagestan: “Russian-Agul and Agul-Russian Dictionary”, “Dictionary of Kumyk Proverbs and Sayings”, “Karata Tales”, “Archi Folklore Material”, “Tabasaran Proverbs and proverbs”, “Modern Agul language” and “We speak Tabasaran”.

In addition, especially for the celebration, the Minnats RD presented an information and analytical guide to the languages ​​of the peoples of Dagestan, which contains data on the languages ​​of the indigenous peoples of the republic and the history of their study in domestic linguistics, including information about their lexicographic description, materials based on the results of monitoring the enrollment of students teaching native languages ​​in urban schools of the republic.

The day before the holiday in Dagestan, in five Russian regions of Russia where large communities of Dagestanis live, as well as in Belarus, a total dictation was held in 14 languages ​​of the peoples of Dagestan.

“The creation of language centers, the holding of holidays and total dictations are, of course, important in themselves. But in the current situation, only the acquisition of a full-fledged status of an official language with the ensuing regulatory and legal framework that guarantees its implementation at the republican and local levels can really help languages ​​in the current situation.- stressed Amil Sarkarov.

Igor Barinov

Supervisor federal agency on affairs of nationalities Igor Barinov proposed to introduce the practice of teaching subjects in primary school in two languages ​​- Russian and national.

“It is difficult to implement this in Dagestan, not only due to the fact that it will be necessary to create appropriate learning programs and allowances.

The main problem is bilingualism. If in rural school still native speakers, having mastered the Russian language in primary school, and then switch to learning on it, then in cities, children, on the contrary, almost do not know their native language and have no motivation to master it.

And all due to the fact that the functionality of the languages ​​is not fixed, they are not official, that is, they are mandatory even at the local level.- commented on the initiative of the head of the FADN Amil Sarkarov.

The preservation of the native languages ​​of the small peoples of the world is one of the most important tasks recognized at the international level. The contribution to this noble cause is also carried out by the National Library. R. Gamzatova.

The department of local history and national literature held a series of events dedicated to world day native languages. At the meetings of the club of native languages, the problems of learning native languages ​​were noted and the action plan for 2017 was discussed.

Within the club national languages the presentation of the translation into the Avar language of A. S. Pushkin's poem "Eugene Onegin" (translated by M. Sulimanov) took place.

Employees of all national sections prepared exhibitions in the languages ​​of the peoples of Dagestan.

Native language is the property of the people,

He is familiar to each of us from childhood,

Poems and prose, fairy tales and legends,

Everything is nice to us in our native language!

Learn, take care of your native speech,

Compose poems, decorating life!

Pass on living speech to descendants,

Language, history, modernity, writing were, are and remain the main ethno-cultural values. They help to better know and understand oneself, to comprehend the origins of one's people, to see the present and future of one's own existence in the modern civilized world. History is always instructive: it contains our whole life. And the prospect of tomorrow.

Each language builds its own culture, in accordance with the need to find spiritual harmony between itself and the world around it. The mentality as a socio-cultural formation is formed by the conditions, way of life, ethnic interactions, historical events that took place in the life of the people.

Analyzing the situation with native languages ​​in Dagestan for last years, we can come to a disappointing conclusion for us: we are losing our native languages. This conclusion can be drawn according to many criteria - first of all, by the fact that only 1 hour a week is allocated for teaching it at school, that young people very often do not know it, that it is not in demand. There are fewer and fewer people who speak their native languages, and those who know it perfectly - that is, can read, write and think in it - are many times fewer, mostly specialists.

The language problem has become one of the main reasons for the creation of the club of native languages ​​in the National Library. Each nation has "three pillars" that keep the people, they are the main priorities of our club: language, history, culture. We are losing our language, history is being rewritten all the time, and about culture, looking at some representatives of the youth, we can say that we have a culture, only someone else's, not ours. All this leads to the degradation of the Dagestan youth. Along with the loss of language, culture is also lost, history is forgotten.

As part of the work on this problem, a club of national languages ​​was opened in the department of local history and national literature.

The main goals of the club are: strengthening friendship and tolerance between representatives of all nationalities, emphasizing the place and role of our department in the promotion of local history and national literature, disseminating experience and new forms of work that allow us to unite various ethnic communities under one roof.

There are currently seven sections in the department: Avar, Dargin, Kumyk, Lak, Nogai, Lezgin, Tabasaran.

Taking into account the specifics of the work, the staff of the department of national and local history literature is selected on a national basis: representatives of seven nationalities work in the department, who lead the national sections of the club.

The Department of National and Local Lore Literature is a kind of center for bringing together interested specialists, authors and publishers of many books and magazines with whom we work closely, as well as the only place for storing the book culture of small peoples.

mother tongue day

Today we celebrate.

All the people of a large country

Congratulations.

Always value your language

Don't cheat, love.

Read, respect

Never forget.

Latest news of Dagestan on the topic:
February 21 - Native Languages ​​Day

Makhachkala

19:01 21.02.2017 RIA Dagestan

Makhachkala

Today, February 21, in the city of Makhachkala, a meeting of the Council on the Russian Language and the Languages ​​of the Peoples of Dagestan under the Head of the Republic of Dagestan took place.
18:34 21.02.2017 President of the Republic of Dagestan

Makhachkala