1. How to explain the use of a colon in this sentence? The vocabulary of the language is constantly changing: some words disappear, some appear. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the time of what is said in the second part. The generalizing word stands before the homogeneous members of the sentence. The first part of the non-union complex sentence contains the condition of what is said in the second part

The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence complements, reveals the content of the first part. The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts of the sentence. The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the time of what is said in the second part How to explain the setting of the colon in this sentence? With the first rays of the sun, he was already on his feet: he had a long journey through the Himalayas.

3. How to explain the colon in this sentence? Like two drops of water, the twins resembled each other in everything: facial features, hair color, height, body type. The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts of the sentence. The second part of the non-union complex sentence has the meaning of the consequence. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains the content of the first part

4. How to explain the colon in this sentence? People are divided into two kinds: some think first, and then speak and act, while others speak and act first, and then think. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the condition of what is said in the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the consequence of what is said in the first part. A generalizing word stands before homogeneous members of a sentence

5. How to explain the colon in this sentence? After much debate, a firm decision was made: we will devote the next summer entirely to traveling around the Vladimir land. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the consequence of what is said in the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. A generalizing word stands before homogeneous members of a sentence

6. How to explain the colon in this sentence? No nets are placed on the way of the fish leaving at low tide: the current is very strong, it blows away any obstacles. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts of the sentence. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the consequence of what is said in the first part

7. How to explain the colon in this sentence? In the newly organized tourist camp, work was in full swing: people were carrying firewood, setting up tents, unpacking cargo. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts of the sentence. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the time of what is said in the second part

8. How to explain the colon in this sentence? He was a master of all trades: a locksmith, joiner, carpenter. The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts of the sentence. The second part of the non-union complex sentence is opposed to the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part

9. How to explain the colon in this sentence? The importance of the Byzantine Empire in the history of mankind can hardly be overestimated: in dark ages barbarism and early medieval she conveyed to the descendants the achievements of Hellas and Rome. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the time of what is said in the second part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence is contrasted in the content of the first part. A generalizing word stands before homogeneous members of a sentence

10. How to explain the setting of the colon in this sentence? His guilt is great and lies in the following: he is educated, knows how to speak and think better than many, and people, as you know, do not tolerate superiority over themselves. The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part. The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the time of what is said in the second part. The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part. The first part of the non-union complex sentence is opposed to the first part

SOURCES For the test, didactic material from the collection of examination tasks FIPI (2013) edited by I.P. Tsybulko From the collection of training tests edited by G.T. I.Kapinos

1. Then a thought dawned on him: the partisans must be around here somewhere.

2. Glass is increasingly entering our lives: it is in household items and in subway columns, it protects our apartments from the cold.

3. However, it's time to get up: it's already a quarter to six.

4. I am sad: there is no friend with me.

5. The lantern illuminated only the ground: tree roots, grass, dark puddles.

6. Classical writers: Gogol, Turgenev, Chekhov painted pictures from the life of peasants.

7. Kind people they understood life only as the ideal of peace and inactivity, disturbed from time to time by various unpleasant accidents, such as: illnesses, losses, quarrels, and, among other things, labor.

8. Like all Moscow ones, your father is like this: he would like a son-in-law with stars and ranks.

9. In relations with outsiders, he demanded one thing: the preservation of decency.

10. I hear: the earth trembled.

12. I thought: wolf.

13. The question now is: what did our society do in the last 20 - 30 years?

14. Science must be loved: people have no power more powerful and victorious than science.

Edit sentences.

PRACTICE #4

1. Homework.

1) By Orthoepic Dictionary write down 5 words:

A) equal options;

B) main and additional;

C) outside the literary norm.

Remember their correct pronunciation.

2) Determine the normative pronunciation, remember it. Airports, accountants, dispensary, accommodation, leisure, heretic, blinds, x's, catalogue, obituary, quarter, greed, faucets, flint, flint, lecturers, lecturers, localities, jaws, news.

3) According to the etymological dictionary, determine the origin of the words: benefit, mausoleum, dunce, talent, tomato, minister, curator, scribble.

4) Prepare an abstract and oral presentation on the topic "Russian language in the modern world."

General requirements

The abstract is printed on one side of A4 white paper.

The text should be printed with the following margins: left - 20 mm, right - 15 mm, top - 20 mm, bottom - 20 mm.

The font of the entire work is Times New Roman. The font size of the main text is 14 (regular), for paragraph headings - 14 (bold italic). Headings must be placed in the middle of the line without a dot at the end. The text of the work is printed at one and a half intervals. Each paragraph of the main text should begin with a red line (indent - 1.25 cm). The text is justified.

If the heading includes several sentences, they are separated by dots. Word hyphenation in headings is not allowed.

The pages of the work are numbered in Arabic numerals, starting from the second page, at the top in the middle, without dashes and dots. The numbering of pages of the text should be through. The first page is the title page. On the title page page number is not included.

The volume of the abstract is 5-7 pages.

On the last page is Bibliography from 5 sources, made in accordance with GOST 2008.

Department of Education of the City of Moscow

Samara branch

State budgetary educational institution

higher education Moscow city

Moscow city Pedagogical University»

1. 
   The second part of the BSP explains, reveals the content of what is said in the first part.
2. 
   The second part of the BSP indicates the reason for what is said in the first part.
3. 
   The second part of the BSP indicates a consequence of what is said in the first part.
4. 
   The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts of the sentence.
1. 
   

1. 
   
2. 
   A dash is put, the first part of the BSP indicates the condition for performing the action, which is mentioned in the second part.
3. 
   
4. 
   A colon is put, the second part reveals the content of the first part.
1. 
   

1. 
   A dash separates the subject and the predicate.
2. 
   A dash separates an application.
3. 
   A dash separates parts of a non-union complex sentence with the meaning of the condition. -
4. 
   A dash is placed in place of the missing term in incomplete sentence.
1. 
   How to explain the setting of two dashes in this sentence?

1) This is a sentence with direct speech, the words of the author are inside it.

1. 
   The appendix, which has an explanatory character, is highlighted on both sides.
2. 
   This is an incomplete proposal.
3. 
   An insert (introductory) sentence is highlighted on both sides.
   1. 
      Give the correct explanation for the punctuation in this sentence.

1. 
   A colon is put, since the second part of the complex sentence has the meaning of the reason.
2. 
   A colon is put, since the content of the first part is specified in the second part of the BSP
3. 
   A dash is put, since the second part of the complex sentence has the meaning of the consequence.
4. 
   A dash is put, since the first part of the BSP refers to the condition of the action described in the second part.
1. 
   Give the correct explanation for the punctuation in this sentence.

1. 
   A dash stands after homogeneous members before a generalizing word.
2. 
   A dash separates the subject and the nominal predicate.
3. 
   A dash highlights a stand-alone application.
4. 
   A dash separates parts of a non-union complex sentence.
   1. 
      
      1. 
         The rich man cannot sleep - the rich thief is afraid.
      2. 
         It was not only grief - it was a complete change of life, of the whole future.
      3. 
         A two-month stay in the countryside, clean air, water, fishing - all this was different from our city life.
      4. 
         All the bachelors who lived in the house, flaunting their Cossack coats, lay here for almost the whole day on the bench, under the bench, on the stove—in a word, everywhere.
   2. 
      In which sentence should a colon be used instead of a dash?
      1. 
         The artist Korovin was talented in everything - he sang beautifully, played in amateur performances, wrote memoirs.
      2. 
         Forgiving the guilty is the right decision.
      3. 
         The only sign of life is an endless lace of hare tracks, occasionally crossed by a deep wolf path.
      4. 
         Here the chickens have a chicken coop, the horses have a stall, the dog has a kennel, and only I had to wander anywhere.
   3. 
      Indicate the correct explanation of the dash in the sentence:

1. 
   A dash between subject and predicate.
2. 
   After the generalizing word, homogeneous members follow.
3. 
   A standalone application stands out.
4. 
   Parts of an asyndetic complex sentence are separated
1. 
   What punctuation mark and why is put in place of brackets in a sentence:

1. 
   A colon is put: the second part of the sentence explains the content of the first part.
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. 
   A dash is placed between the subject and the predicate, expressed by nouns.
1. 
   Which example is missing the second dash?
   1. 
      It is impossible for a wolf to hunt large animals - horses, cattle, camels without partners.
   2. 
      “To teach a person something, one does not need to lecture, goad and insult him,” A.P. Chekhov believed.
   3. 
      Everything around: the sky, the sea, the swaying of the sail above, the murmur of the jet astern - everything spoke of love, of blissful love!
   4. 
      In the east, the country borders with Spain, in the south - with France.
2. 
   Indicate the correct statement about the setting of a dash in the sentence below.

1) A standalone application is separated.

1. 
   The second part of the sentence has the meaning of the conclusion.
2. 
   In an incomplete sentence, a member of the sentence is missing.
3. 
   The content of the second part of the sentence is opposed to the content of the first.
   1. 
      Give the correct explanation for the punctuation in this sentence.

1. 
   A colon is put, the second part unionless proposal has a causal value.
2. 
   A dash is put, the content of the second part is opposed to the content of the first.
3. 
   A dash is put, the second part has the output value.
4. 
   A colon is put, the second part specifies the content of the first.
1. 
   Which sentence needs a colon? (Signs not posted.)
   1. 
      Jacob sang, everyone froze.
   2. 
      The most important thing in a person is a good heart.
   3. 
      Longing tormented Nastenka for three years she was not at home.
   4. 
      Lysko had his own grumbling at the beast and his own at the man.
2. 
   How do you explain the use of a colon in this sentence?

1. 
   The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part.
2. 
   The first part of the non-union complex sentence names the time of the action referred to in the second part.
3. 
   The second part of the non-union complex sentence complements, reveals the content of the first part.
4. 
   A colon is placed after the generalizing word before homogeneous members.
1. 
   Which sentence should have a dash? (Signs not posted.)
   1. 
      I got up and went to the window outside the windows everything was snowy and silent.
   2. 
      Andrey Matveyevich was a famous Don ataman.
   3. 
      D.S. Likhachev claims that "memory is the overcoming of time, the overcoming of death."
   4. 
      The rain doesn't stop the fisherman.

Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence.

In this task it is necessary to distinguish between:

1) a simple sentence with homogeneous members of the sentence and a generalizing word with them;

Prompt. If you do not remember how to distinguish a simple sentence from a complex one, look at task A19.

2) punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence.

Rule.

Generalizing word for homogeneous members suggestions.

generalizing word- this is a word that is common in relation to homogeneous members of the sentence. Homogeneous members of the sentence clarify, concretize the generalizing word.

The generalizing word can be definitive pronouns and adverbs ( all, always, everywhere, everywhere), as well as other members of the sentence and whole phrases.

Generalizing words are the same member of the sentence as homogeneous members.

Depending on the position, there are three types of structures (with examples):

Unionless difficult sentence.

Parts of an asyndetic complex sentence are connected only with the help of intonation. UNION between grammatical foundations NO.

1. Highlight grammatical foundations.

2. Determine what the punctuation mark separates: a generalizing word and homogeneous members of a sentence or parts of a complex sentence.

3. If the sentence is with a generalizing word, then find out the position of the generalizing word and homogeneous members.

4. If the sentence is complex, try to determine the semantic connection of grammatical foundations by inserting a suitable union in place of the punctuation mark.

5. By union, determine the answer.

Parsing the task.

How do you explain the use of a colon in this sentence?

Closer to sunset, the frost returned stealthily: at night it was still lord.

1) The generalizing word stands before the homogeneous members of the sentence.

2) The second part of the sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first.

3) The first part of the non-union sentence indicates the condition of what is said in the second part.

Finding the grammatical basis: the frost was returning And he was the lord. The colon is between parts of a complex sentence.

Answer option number 1.

This option disappears, since it characterizes the relationship between the generalizing word and the homogeneous members of the sentence.

Answer option number 2.

The meaning of the cause is transmitted through the conjunction why. Revising the offer:

Closer to sunset, the frost was creeping back , because at night he was still king.

Union really fits.

Answer options #3 and 4.

They characterize a non-union sentence in which a dash is used between grammatical stems.

In this way the correct answer is #2.

Practice.

1. How to explain the use of a colon in this sentence?

The legacy of Marina Tsvetaeva is great: the poetess created seventeen poems, eight poetic dramas, memoirs, historical-literary and philosophical-critical prose.

1) The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the condition of what is said in the second part.

2) The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part.

3) The generalizing word stands before the homogeneous members of the sentence.

2. How to explain the colon in this sentence?

A special stage in the fate of Kazemir Malevich was 1905: on August 5 of this year, he applied for admission to the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.

1) The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part.

3) The second part of the non-union complex sentence contains an indication of a quick change of events.

4) The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the condition of what is said in the second part.

3. How to explain the colon in this sentence?

Instruction

If a series of homogeneous members is preceded by a generalizing word, after it. For example: "Everyone was present at the celebration on the occasion of the city's day: girls and men and women, children and the elderly." The catchword here is "everything". A colon is also placed if there is no generalizing word preceding the homogeneous members, but the reader must be warned about the subsequent enumeration. For example: "Walking through the forest and picking mushrooms, we found: ten boletus, seven boletus, two white mushrooms and a lot of chanterelles."

It is important to note that if homogeneous members are expressed by proper names, whether they are names literary works, geographical names, etc., and they are preceded by a common application or a defined word (city, river, book), a colon is not put in such cases. The intonational warning pause, characteristic of generalizing words, is also absent during reading. For example: “Over the summer, a schoolboy works “War and Peace”, “Taras Bulba”, “Quiet Flows the Don” and others.”

After the generalizing word, the words “somehow”, “that is”, “namely”, “for example” can stand. In this case, they are separated from the generalizing word by a comma, and after them: “For lunch in the student canteen, various soups were offered, such as: cabbage soup, pickle, borscht, soup with meatballs.” If the sentence does not end with homogeneous members, they are also separated from the generalizing word by a colon, but after them a dash is placed. For example: "And everything around: the fields, and the roads, and the air - was saturated with the gentle evening sun."

In a complex sentence with one subordinate clause, a colon is placed before the last clause if the main clause contains words that warn of further clarification: "I dreamed of only one thing: that the pain would finally subside." If there are no such words subordinate clause separated from the leading comma.

In some cases, the colon is placed between the parts of the non-union complex sentence. So, this punctuation mark is used when the second part of the non-union sentence explains, reveals the content of what is said in the first part (you can insert "namely"). For example: "The ethics teacher had one very important property: he disliked to death when people slept in his classes."

A complex non-union sentence also requires a colon if its first part contains the verbs “see”, “hear”, “feel”, “know”, etc., warning the reader that some description or presentation of some or a fact. For example: "I know we can't be together." But with the missing intonation of the warning, a comma can be put instead of a colon.

In the second part of a complex non-union sentence, the reason may be indicated, the reason for what is said at the beginning, and in this case a colon is also required (you can insert “because”, “because”): “The barrier at the railway crossing was lowered: from station was a train. Also, the second part can be a direct question: “I walked through the forest and thought: why do I live? what was I born for?