Ekaterina Dodonova

Business coach, blogger, memory and speed reading instructor. Founder of the educational project iq230

1. Understand

Very often people try to memorize unfamiliar words and phrases without even understanding their meaning. Perhaps this is enough for a few days, say, to pass an exam. Unless, of course, the lecturer asks to explain what you mean by ablation and what are the signs of those same chromosomal aberrations from the first ticket.

The brain perfectly remembers words connected associatively. He discards incomprehensible letter combinations like garbage, not wanting to waste time on them.

For this reason, most people have difficulty learning. A strange-sounding word does not evoke native and understandable pictures to the heart.

Therefore, for better memorization, you must first parse and understand all new terms. Try to feel the word and associate it in your imagination with familiar concepts.

2. Come up with an association

The presence of fantasy is one of the most powerful tools for remembering information. Mnemonics greatly facilitate the process of memorizing important reports, presentations, texts, including in foreign languages, due to artificial associations.

Take the word "Monday". What frames are running on your internal screen? It could be a morning, a terrible traffic jam, a thought pulsing in your head, a day on your calendar, a page in your childhood diary, or a buzzing office anthill. What do you see?

To make associative connections strong and durable, you can use the five-finger rule. Each finger has its own association, filled with one or another content.

Thus, the necessary information will be imprinted in your memory at once at all levels of feelings, which will allow you to use it for a long time.

3. Fool the magic number 7 ± 2

The famous American psychologist George Miller found that short-term human memory cannot remember and repeat more than 7 ± 2 elements. The mode of constant information overload reduces this number to 5 ± 2.

Nevertheless, there is a simple way to deceive the laws of short-term memory: the use of the method of stories, which involves the logical linking of disparate memory objects into one chain. You can have a funny, incredible and completely impossible story in real life. The main thing is that with it you can remember more than 15 elements at a time.

As conceived by the director in the next scene, you should swim in a pool filled to the brim with semolina. Yes, just imagine this madness in bright colors. Feel with your skin how semolina sticks to your skin. How hard it is to swim in this warm liquid, although the porridge is not too thick. As in the air it smells of milk, butter and childhood.

4. Repeat correctly

Our brain can be programmed - it's a scientific fact. It requires awareness and daily work in the chosen direction. Therefore, if you have firmly decided that it is extremely important for you to learn English in six months, then the brain has already tuned in to intensive memorization. But in addition to regular training, regular repetition of the material covered is also important.

Use certain time intervals for the best memorization: repeat the material immediately after learning, then after 15-20 minutes, after 6-8 hours (preferably before bedtime) and the last time after a week.

5. Tune in

Perhaps there is nothing worse when a person thinks about himself in negative terms: “I will never cope with this”, “It is impossible for me to remember this”, “I will not be able to learn such a difficult report”. Use only positive affirmations when programming your brain for work and results.

Tune in correctly, tell yourself: “I remember!”, “I have a good memory. I will remember”, “I will remember and easily retell in my own words in two hours”. Customize yourself. The resource state of the brain is your area of ​​responsibility.

Knowing the five secrets of memory, you can easily learn to memorize really complex and versatile materials. In addition, there are many interesting and natural ways for a person to train memory and consolidate the necessary memory objects, which Ekaterina Dodonova also talks about in detail in her book.

Happy reading and have a great memory!

Policy regarding the processing of personal data

INTRODUCTION

1.1 This document defines the policy of FRISCULECLUB LLC (hereinafter referred to as the Company) regarding the processing of personal data (hereinafter referred to as PD).
1.2 This Policy has been developed in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Belarus on personal data.

1.3 This Policy applies to all processes for the collection, recording, systematization, accumulation, storage, clarification, extraction, use, transfer (distribution, provision, access), depersonalization, blocking, deletion, destruction of personal data, carried out using automation tools and without the use of such funds.

PRINCIPLES OF PERSONAL DATA PROCESSING

The processing of personal data is carried out on the basis of the following principles:

1) The processing of personal data is carried out on a legal and fair basis;

2) The processing of personal data is limited to the achievement of specific, predetermined and legitimate purposes. It is not allowed to process personal data that is incompatible with the purposes of collecting personal data;

3) It is not allowed to combine databases containing personal data, the processing of which is carried out for purposes that are incompatible with each other;

4) Only those personal data that meet the purposes of their processing are subject to processing;

6) When processing personal data, the accuracy of personal data, their sufficiency, and, if necessary, their relevance in relation to the stated purposes of their processing, are ensured.

7) The storage of personal data is carried out in a form that allows you to determine the subject of personal data no longer than required by the purposes of processing personal data, if the period for storing personal data is not established by federal law, an agreement to which the subject of personal data is a party, beneficiary or guarantor. Processed personal data is subject to destruction or depersonalization upon achievement of the purposes of processing or in case of loss of the need to achieve these purposes, unless otherwise provided by federal law.

8) The Company in its activities proceeds from the fact that the subject of personal data provides accurate and reliable information during interaction with the Company and notifies the Company's representatives about changes in their personal data.

USE OF PERSONAL DATA

3.1 The Company processes the personal data of customers and customers visiting the Company's online store. For these categories of personal data subjects, the purposes of processing their personal data are determined.

3.2 When using the information posted on the official website of the Company (hereinafter referred to as the Site), the technical means of the Site automatically recognize the network (IP) addresses and domain names of each user of the information.

3.3 The information and e-mail addresses of persons using the interactive services of the Site and (or) sending e-mails to the addresses indicated on the Site mentioned in clause 3.2, information about which pages of the Site the information users accessed, and other information (including personal information) ) reported by users of information are stored using the software and hardware of the Site for the following purposes:

Information about users of information accumulated and stored in the technical means of the Site is used solely for the purpose of improving the ways and methods of presenting information on the Site, improving the service to users of information, identifying the most visited pages and interactive services of the Site, maintaining statistics of visits to the Site.

Also, personal data of personal data subjects are processed for the purpose of selling goods through the Site, or through a store and providing subsequent services, such as delivery of goods, assembly and warranty service.

3.4 The Company processes the following categories of personal data:

The data specified in clause 3.3, as well as personal data obtained using various technologies such as cookies, flash cookies and web beacons when visiting the Site;

Registration data specified by the buyer on the Site - last name, first name, patronymic, phone number, delivery address, zip code, email address.

3.5 Outside the limits specified in clause 3.3, information about users of information cannot be used or disclosed in any way. Only persons specially authorized to carry out the work specified in clause 3.3 and warned of liability for accidental or deliberate disclosure or unauthorized use of such information have access to such information.

3.6 Any information that is derivative in relation to the information listed in clause 3.2 is submitted for subsequent use (distribution) only in a generalized form, without specifying specific network addresses and domain names of information users.

3.7 Sending any electronic messages to the network addresses of information users, as well as placing on the Site hyperlinks to the network addresses of information users and (or) their Internet pages are allowed only if such mailing and (or) placement is directly provided for by the rules for using the corresponding interactive service and for such distribution and (or) placement, the prior consent of the information user has been obtained. Correspondence with users of information that is not related to the use of the interactive services of the Site or other information sections of the Site is not made.

TERMS OF PROCESSING PERSONAL DATA

4.1 The processing of personal data is carried out in compliance with the principles and rules established by the Federal Law "On Personal Data". The processing of personal data is allowed in the following cases:
1) The processing of personal data is carried out with the consent of the subject of personal data to the processing of his personal data;
2) The processing of personal data is necessary to achieve the goals stipulated by an international treaty of the Republic of Belarus or the law, to implement and fulfill the functions, powers and duties assigned by the legislation of the Republic of Belarus to the operator;
3) The processing of personal data is necessary for the administration of justice, the execution of a judicial act, an act of another body or official, subject to execution in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus on enforcement proceedings;
4) the processing of personal data is necessary for the performance of an agreement to which the subject of personal data is a party or beneficiary or guarantor, as well as to conclude an agreement on the initiative of the subject of personal data or an agreement under which the subject of personal data will be the beneficiary or guarantor;
5) the processing of personal data is necessary to protect the life, health or other vital interests of the subject of personal data, if obtaining the consent of the subject of personal data is impossible;
6) the processing of personal data is necessary to exercise the rights and legitimate interests of the operator or third parties, or to achieve socially significant goals, provided that the rights and freedoms of the subject of personal data are not violated;
7) the processing of personal data is carried out for statistical or other research purposes, subject to the mandatory depersonalization of personal data. The exception is the processing of personal data for the purpose of promoting goods, works, services on the market by making direct contacts with a potential consumer using means of communication, as well as for the purposes of political campaigning;
8) processing of personal data is carried out, access of an unlimited number of persons to which is provided by the subject of personal data, or at his request (hereinafter referred to as personal data made public by the subject of personal data);
9) processing of personal data subject to publication or mandatory disclosure in accordance with federal law is carried out.
4.2 The Company may include the personal data of the subjects in publicly available sources of personal data, while the Company takes the written consent of the subject to the processing of his personal data.
4.3 The Company may process special categories of personal data relating to race, nationality, health status, while the Company undertakes to take the subject's written consent to the processing of his personal data
4.4 Biometric personal data (information that characterizes the physiological and biological characteristics of a person, on the basis of which his identity can be established and which is used by the operator to identify the subject of personal data) is not processed in the Company.
4.5 The Company carries out cross-border transfer of personal data only to the territory of foreign states that provide adequate protection of the rights of personal data subjects.
4.6 Based on exclusively automated processing of personal data, decisions that give rise to legal consequences in relation to the subject of personal data or otherwise affect his rights and legitimate interests are not made.
4.7 In the terms of the license to carry out the activities of the Company, there is no prohibition on the transfer of personal data to third parties without the consent in writing of the subject of personal data.
4.8 If there is no need for a written consent of the subject to the processing of his personal data, the consent of the subject may be given by the subject of personal data or his representative in any form that allows obtaining the fact of its receipt.
4.9 The Company has the right to entrust the processing of personal data to another person with the consent of the subject of personal data, unless otherwise provided by federal law, on the basis of an agreement concluded with this person (hereinafter referred to as the instruction of the operator). At the same time, the Company in the contract obliges the person processing personal data on behalf of the Company to comply with the principles and rules for the processing of personal data provided for by this Federal Law.
4.10 If the Company entrusts the processing of personal data to another person, the Company shall be liable to the subject of personal data for the actions of the said person. A person who processes personal data on behalf of the Company is liable to the Company.
4.11 The Company undertakes and obliges other persons who have gained access to personal data not to disclose to third parties and not to distribute personal data without the consent of the subject of personal data, unless otherwise provided by federal law.

5 COMPANY RESPONSIBILITIES

In accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 152-FZ “On Personal Data”, the Company is obliged to:
Provide the subject of personal data, at his request, with information regarding the processing of his personal data, or legally provide a reasoned refusal containing a reference to the provisions of the Federal Law.
At the request of the subject of personal data, clarify the processed personal data, block or delete if the personal data is incomplete, outdated, inaccurate, illegally obtained or not necessary for the stated purpose of processing.
Maintain a Register of Personal Data Subjects’ Applications, which should record the requests of personal data subjects for obtaining personal data, as well as the facts of providing personal data on these requests.
Notify the subject of personal data about the processing of personal data in the event that personal data was not received from the subject of personal data. The following cases are an exception:
1. The PD subject is notified of the processing of his PD by the relevant operator;
2. PD received by the Company on the basis of federal law or in connection with the execution of an agreement to which the PD subject is a party or beneficiary or guarantor;
3. PD made public by the PD subject or obtained from a public source;
4. The Company processes PD for statistical or other research purposes, for the professional activities of a journalist or for scientific, literary or other creative activities, if the rights and legitimate interests of the PD subject are not violated;
5. Providing the PD subject with the information contained in the PD Processing Notice violates the rights and legitimate interests of third parties.
If the goal of processing personal data is achieved, immediately stop processing personal data and destroy the relevant personal data within a period not exceeding thirty days from the date of achieving the goal of processing personal data, unless otherwise provided by the contract, to which the subject of personal data is a party, beneficiary or guarantor , another agreement between the Company and the subject of personal data, or if the Company is not entitled to process personal data without the consent of the subject of personal data on the grounds provided for by No. 152-FZ "On Personal Data" or other federal laws.
If the subject of personal data withdraws consent to the processing of his personal data, stop processing personal data and destroy personal data within a period not exceeding thirty days from the date of receipt of the said withdrawal, unless otherwise provided by an agreement between the Company and the subject of personal data. The Company is obliged to notify the subject of personal data about the destruction of personal data.
In case of receipt of the request of the subject to stop the processing of personal data in order to promote goods, works, services on the market, immediately stop the processing of personal data.
Carry out the processing of personal data only with the consent in writing of the subject of personal data, in cases provided for by the Federal Law.
Explain to the subject of personal data the legal consequences of the refusal to provide his personal data, if the provision of personal data is mandatory in accordance with the Federal Law.
Notify the personal data subject or his representative of all changes regarding the relevant personal data subject.

6 MEASURES TO ENSURE THE SECURITY OF PERSONAL DATA DURING THEIR PROCESSING

6.1 When processing personal data, the Company takes the necessary legal, organizational and technical measures to protect personal data from unauthorized or accidental access to them, destruction, modification, blocking, copying, provision, distribution of personal data, as well as from other illegal actions in relation to personal data .
6.2 Ensuring the security of personal data is achieved, in particular:
determination of threats to the security of personal data during their processing in information systems of personal data;
application of organizational and technical measures to ensure the security of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems necessary to fulfill the requirements for the protection of personal data, the implementation of which ensures the levels of protection of personal data established by the Government of the Republic of Belarus;
the use of information security tools that have passed the conformity assessment procedure in the prescribed manner;
evaluating the effectiveness of the measures taken to ensure the security of personal data prior to the commissioning of the personal data information system;
taking into account machine carriers of personal data;
detecting facts of unauthorized access to personal data and taking measures;
recovery of personal data modified or destroyed due to unauthorized access to them;
establishing rules for access to personal data processed in the personal data information system, as well as ensuring the registration and accounting of all actions performed with personal data in the personal data information system;
control over the measures taken to ensure the security of personal data and the level of security of personal data information systems.
assessment of the harm that may be caused to the subjects of personal data in case of violation of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the field of personal data, the ratio of the said harm and the measures taken to ensure the implementation of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the field of personal data.

Denial of responsibility

In accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Belarus, the Administration disclaims any representations and warranties, the provision of which may otherwise be implied, and disclaims liability in relation to the Site, the Content and their use.

Under no circumstances will the Site Administration be liable to any party for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of information on this Site or on any other site to which there is a hyperlink from our site, the occurrence dependency, loss of productivity, dismissal or interruption of employment, as well as deductions from educational institutions, for any lost profits, suspension of business activities, loss of programs or data in your information systems or otherwise arising in connection with access, use or inability to use of the Site, the Content or any related Internet site, or inoperability, error, omission, interruption, defect, downtime or delay in transmission, computer virus or system failure, even if the administration is expressly advised of the possibility of such damage.

The user agrees that all possible disputes will be resolved according to the rule of law. The User agrees that the rules and laws on the protection of consumer rights cannot be applied to his use of the Site, since he does not provide paid services.
By using this Site, you signify your acceptance of the "Disclaimer" and the established Rules and accept all responsibility that may be assigned to you.

By filling out the form on our website, you agree to our privacy policy. You also agree that we have the right to disclose your personal data in the following cases:

1) With your consent: In all other cases, before transferring information about you to third parties, our Company undertakes to obtain your explicit consent. For example, our Company may run a joint offer or competition with a third party, in which case we will ask you for permission to share your personal information with the third party.

2) To companies working on our behalf: We cooperate with other companies that perform business support functions on our behalf, in connection with which your personal information may be partially disclosed. We require such companies to use the information only for the purpose of providing contracted services; they are prohibited from transferring this information to other parties in situations other than when it is necessary to provide the agreed services. Examples of business support functions: fulfillment of orders, fulfillment of requests, issuance of prizes and bonuses, conducting surveys among customers and managing information systems. We also disclose aggregated non-personally identifiable information when selecting service providers.

3) Subsidiaries and joint ventures: Subsidiary or joint venture means an organization, at least 50% of which is owned by the Company. When transferring your information to a subsidiary or joint venture partner, our Company requires that this information not be disclosed to other parties for marketing purposes and that your information not be used in any way contrary to your choice. If you have indicated that you do not want to receive any marketing materials from our Company, then we will not share your information with our subsidiaries and joint venture partners for marketing purposes.

4) On co-positioned or partner pages: Our Company may share information with partner companies, with which it implements special offers and promotional activities on co-positioned pages of our site. When requesting personal data on such pages, you will receive a warning about the transfer of information. The partner uses any information you provide in accordance with its own privacy notice, which you can read before providing information about yourself.

5) When transferring control of an enterprise: Our Company reserves the right to transfer your personal data in connection with the complete or partial sale or transfer of our enterprise or its assets. When selling or transferring a business, our Company will provide you with the opportunity to opt out of transferring information about yourself. In some cases, this may mean that the new organization will no longer be able to provide you with the services or products previously provided by our Company.

6) To Law Enforcement: Our Company may, without your consent, disclose personal information to third parties for any of the following reasons: in order to avoid violations of the law, regulations or court orders; participating in government investigations; assistance in fraud prevention; and strengthening or protecting the rights of the Company or its subsidiaries.

All personal information that you submitted for registration on our website can be changed at any time or completely deleted from our database at your request. To do this, you need to contact us in any way convenient for you, using the contact information posted in a special section of our website.

If you would like to unsubscribe from receiving our regular mailing list, you can do so at any time using the special link at the end of each email.

It would be great if our brain could send to long-term memory and consolidate new expressions and grammatical patterns in it from the first time, at first sight, listening and reading. But, unfortunately, memory mechanisms do not work that way. Therefore, repetition, as we know, accompanying the teaching in a motherly way, is inextricably linked with it and necessary.

Psychologists have made multiple attempts to find the right amount of repetition of a word that would be sufficient to memorize it. One of the latest studies showed that the human mind begins to respond to a new word as if it were familiar after 160 consecutive listenings. Well, it would seem easier - just listen to all the English words a couple of hundred times, and the trick is in the bag. Let's leave such experiments to British scientists and try to figure out how to effectively organize repetition in the process of real productive language acquisition.

In order for the language material to be deposited in your long-term memory and can be used by you, you really need to meet the phrase several times in a context that is clear to you. In our classes at the Dmitry Nikitin Language School in Yaroslavl, we work with educational complexes in which a system of repetition from lesson to lesson is built. Already studied material appears in new dialogues, exercises, texts, tasks. In addition, textbooks include special pages for checking your knowledge, tests and questionnaires. The teacher also carefully monitors that this or that vocabulary you have learned periodically "emerges" in new contexts. Of course, a lot depends on you. What exactly?

As they say, even the dullest pencil is better than the sharpest memory. Your notes in a notebook can serve you as an excellent service in mastering the vocabulary that you learn in English courses. Recall that you should not write down individual words with a translation, it is better to enter collocations in your notebooks, words in context that explain it. Explain them with synonymous expressions or, on the contrary, antonyms. After class, be sure to look through your notes, it's great to even rewrite them, bringing them into a certain system. For example, you can arrange all the learned expressions in order of increasing use in your personal life. Separately highlight the words that you will use often. In addition, you can associate each expression with a country, a person, a room in an apartment, or any object with which you associate it. Then it is advisable to explain your choice aloud, so that you repeat the meaning of the expression again and connect it with personal experience, which contributes to its memorization. In our classes, we also invite our students to review notes from previous lessons, find those whose meaning they did not remember, and ask other students to clarify them. It can be helpful to compare your notes with those of other students and add to them. Or, for example, remember how this or that word appeared in the notebook, in what context, who said it for the first time and why. Everything that you have written down, try to use in new situations. Feel free to rustle through the pages of your notebook to remember some suitable expression. By pronouncing words, you reduce the number of repetitions necessary for memorization at times.

Testing is not the most pleasant moment of learning. But do not treat the control as just a test of your knowledge. Not only do you repeat and revise the material before the tests, testing itself is a great way to repeat something, identify "sinking" moments, remember some rules again, fill in the gaps.

But verification does not have to be strict and formal. In our English courses in Yaroslavl, we often invite students to play games to test how they remember the vocabulary. It's great to play charades, explaining previously studied phrases, using gestures, facial expressions, drawings, and of course, words are best of all. For example, we offer our students cards with words, one of them must explain his word, and the second guess. Or one of the players asks yes / no questions to guess the right word as quickly as possible. In addition, you can make questionnaires based on the material covered and then solve them by exchanging in class.

It is very useful to simply return to the task of talking from previous topics. Try to run it again. Try to retell the text you read last week and then check how much of the new vocabulary you used when you retrieved it. Listening to already completed auditions, pause them and finish the speaker's phrases.

Why do you need homework and workbooks?

No matter how much you want to avoid working at home, it is necessary, but, of course, it remains on your conscience. To help you learn what was covered in the lesson, you can try to compose dialogues by analogy with those that were read in class, translate the expressions discussed from memory, and find interesting collocations for new words. Do tasks similar to those you worked on in class. Such tasks are usually contained in workbooks, with which you can work on your own, controlling yourself by the keys. Many experts advise working through the workbook exercises after you have completed a textbook topic. Slightly delayed repetition contributes to deeper memorization.

If you repeatedly read information from a book or computer monitor, this will not be a repetition. This is only repeated perception, which does not give reliable memorization. Recall of textual information is necessary for its fixation in memory. Several repetitions in a row when memorizing material are ineffective for memorizing it. In order to consciously store information in memory, you need to remember the following.

We list the following basic patterns of memorization:

• After the process of memorizing a long series, in total, its beginning and end are well reproduced from memory. Experts call this phenomenon the “edge effect”.
• The associative connection of impressions and their subsequent reproduction depend on how these impressions represent a logically connected whole or disparate parts.
• Several repetitions in a row when memorizing material are ineffective for memorizing it. It is better to distribute such repetitions over time (for example, over several hours or days).
• A new repetition is the best way to remember what has been learned before.
• With the deepening of attention to memorized information, the number of repetitions needed to memorize it can be reduced, but the lack of attention cannot be compensated by an increase in the number of repetitions.
• Without much difficulty, what interests a person will be perfectly remembered. This pattern is especially clear in adulthood.
• Exceptional, amazing experiences are better remembered than ordinary events that we often encounter.
• Any new impression received by a person does not remain isolated in his memory. Over time, it may change. By entering into connection with other impressions and exerting influence on them, the primary impression undergoes certain changes.

At memorizing material you need to remember the following:

• People on average remember 10% of what they read; 20% of what they hear; 30% of what they see; 50% of what is seen and heard at the same time; 70% of what they say; 90% said and done at the same time.
• You need to remember consciously.
• Be interested only in what you want to remember, not trying to keep in memory as much as possible.
• Classify and arrange all information to remember in a logical order.
• Do not memorize unfamiliar material all at once. By memorizing in parts, you will save time.
• Unresolved tasks and unfinished business are easier to remember, as unfinished actions create a certain tension in the subconscious mind and make it difficult to focus on something else.
• Well-developed speech contributes to the improvement of memory and thinking.
• Memorable material is not only read, but also retell.
• Work in this order: read once, then retell three times. Reading without retelling in order to memorize information is often a waste of time.
• Retelling is both the development of speech and the training of memory. When retelling, the brain actively processes information, and when re-reading, little effort is required. The brain "recognizes" familiar material.
• A good effect is achieved with the reverse retelling, when the brain cells work even more actively.
• The combination of visual and verbal images with notes will make it easier for you to memorize.
• What is heard is remembered faster than what is seen, but the latter is more stable. But it is better to record specific data.
• Dry concepts burden the process of memorization.
• Turn the process of memorization into a fun and educational game. Then memorization will be strong, and reproduction will be simple.
• A person's restless state can interfere with recall.
• Ideally, the source of information should be located on the side of the right ear, which transmits auditory impulses to the speech centers faster than the left.
• In the morning (from 6 a.m. to 8 a.m.) minor facts are well remembered, and in the afternoon (from 12 p.m. to 3 p.m.) - not only small, but also significant ones.
• Rest periods during memorization relieve fatigue, increase interest in the subject.

If you repeatedly read information from a book or computer monitor, this will not be a repetition. This is only a repeated perception, which does not guarantee that the formed associations will be activated in the future. Recall of textual information is necessary for its fixation in memory.

Learned information can be repeated in different ways: retell it to someone, reread it or listen to it again. But if you once comprehended the content of the information received and spoke it, you can be sure that the information remained in your memory.

Over time, the nerve formations in which all information is stored do not disappear, do not decrease, but the transmission capacity of the nerve fibers through which the signal passes during recall worsens. This leads to the fact that you will hardly "get" information from nerve formations.

You can deal with this in the following way:

• repeat the content of the text;
• update the relationships between individual thoughts and facts of the text.

In order to consciously store information in memory, you need to remember the following:

• the more time passes after reading (or the last repetition), the smaller the amount of information in memory becomes. Information leaves memory faster in the first minutes after assimilation;
• information is forgotten more slowly after successive repetitions;
• the simpler and more interesting the information, the easier it is to digest, the less time and effort is spent on repeating and restoring information in memory;
• previously learned information is more quickly restored to memory after each subsequent repetition;
• with each repetition, information is deposited in memory in an increasing volume;
• the less time passes after the last repetition, the faster and easier the information is restored.

Optimal breaks between repetitions can be called the following:

• the first repetition - 15-20 minutes after the end of work with the text. Moreover, it is better to repeat difficult material after 10-12 minutes, and easy or interesting material - after 25-30 minutes;
• the second repetition - 6-10 hours after the first repetition (difficult material - after 4-5 hours, easy - after 11-14 hours);
• the third repetition - 20-30 hours after the second (interesting material - after 36 hours, and difficult - after 16-18 hours).

If the memorization material is large, break it into two unequal sections and work with each of them separately, choosing one of the options:

• During two days: the first day - the study and repetition of parts of the first section, the second day - the study and repetition of the second section.
• In three days: the first day - the study and repetition of the first section, the second day - the study and repetition of the second section, the third day - the repetition of the entire material.
• within five days: first day - study and repetition of the first section, second day - one repetition of the first section, third day - study and repetition of the second section, fourth day - one repetition of the second section, fifth day - repetition of the entire material.

To save the information received, it is necessary to periodically to repeat:

1. Repeat immediately after receiving it , since the greatest loss of information occurs in the first stages of memorization following perception. After capturing the information, remember it and compare it with the original source. This process is called control recall . Before committing certain information to your memory, make sure that it is there without errors. If omissions or inaccuracies were found during memorization, work only on the information that was remembered with errors or disappeared from memory altogether. Only with full confidence that all the information is in memory, you can begin to consolidate it.
2. The time interval between repetitions must be lengthened . If the first repetition is done immediately after memorization, then the second - after about 40-60 minutes, the third - on the same day (after about 3-4 hours), the fourth - the next day.

Don't be intimidated by the high repetitions. Retrieving from memory is much more interesting than trying to memorize something in the usual way. Mental repetition can be carried out anywhere: at dinner, on a walk, when traveling in any transport. Less time is spent on each new repetition. To recall what has been learned, only a cursory glance is enough.

The endless repetition adopted in the middle class is stupefying: the same thing is repeated too often and monotonously. Each repetition should be different from each other.

There is no optimal repetition time rhythm for everyone. In order to find your rhythm, you need to do repetitions often enough so that you don’t forget anything, but also not too often so that energy is not wasted. When you start to forget material, it's the perfect moment to revise.

Have you noticed that very often useful material in English does not last long in memory, but some obsessive song is remembered easily and for a long time? And all because we hear this very song several times a day. Repetition is the mother of learning, and, fortunately, our brain does not care what to teach. Well, let's make him remember not another "supermegahit", but useful information.

The word "repetition" rarely causes joy and enthusiasm, because not everyone knows interesting ways to assimilate information. Therefore, we decided to give you some tips to help make the repetition process fun. In addition, we will try to explain to you how best to fix the material and what it is for.

Why do you need to repeat the material

First, let's figure out why a person needs to repeat something. Can't you just learn and forget? The fact of the matter is that it is possible, but it is already more difficult to learn and, if necessary, remember.

Repetition is the best way to help your memory retain information reliably. Let's take an example. Imagine that you are not a student, but an athlete, and you want to become an archery champion. It is unlikely that you will be able to hit the bullseye the first time, for this you will have to shoot 100-200-300 times. Gradually, the hands will stop trembling, the movements will become confident, and the arrow will hit closer and closer to the cherished "ten". So it is in training: by constantly repeating the material, you will not be afraid to use various constructions, your speech will become confident, and you will gradually approach your cherished goal (for example, to the level).

Some will object: “What if I hit the first time? Maybe I shouldn't bother myself?" It is necessary, a random shot can be well-aimed, but not frequent. At a competition (at an exam or a business meeting), you can miss (fail), because without constant training you can forget about well-aimed shots and solid knowledge.

How many times should the material be repeated?

The answer is simple: until you fix it in memory. There is a certain memorization scheme developed by professional psychologists and educators. It is given in the article “Repetition of the past - is it necessary and why? ".

Scheme of repetition of new material

It looks a little scary, thoughts arise: “To remember the word, I will need to repeat it 9 times! Yes, it’s not true, I learn much faster!”. Many people do not believe this, but it has already been scientifically proven that knowledge is acquired and forgotten unevenly. The scientist Ebbinghaus even proposed the so-called forgetting curve (presented below). As a result of research, he found that we begin to forget information immediately after studying, and on the first day we lose up to 60% of knowledge! Further, the process of weathering the material from the head slows down. However, the graph shows that with periodic repetition of information, we come to securely fixing it in memory.

Yes, it's hard to gnaw at the granite of science! But do not rush to be upset, you can make this task easier for yourself, for this, use different types of repetition and tricks that will help make it boring.

Types of repetition to use

• Active repetition. Means autopilot off. If you periodically “run through” new vocabulary with your eyes without thinking about what you are learning, then you are wasting your time. Get involved in learning, try not only to learn, but also to "feel" new words or grammatical construction. Include imagination, associative thinking, attention. It is necessary to comprehend new material, to pass it through oneself. Try to find new ways to use vocabulary or come up with a short story with a learned idiom. It is best to make the new material “ours”, that is, to come up with a story about yourself.
• Retelling. This is a kind of active repetition. Retelling does not mean learning by heart. It is much more useful to try to state the information from the text in your own words. This will force you to use new vocabulary, you will practice paraphrasing texts, and grammar in context will be well remembered.

How to quickly and boringly repeat the material, non-banal methods

1. Favorite books

Each author has his own style and certain vocabulary. When reading a sufficiently long work, unfamiliar words will often be repeated. For the first time, you will need the help of a dictionary. We recommend that you write out the new word right away. The second time you will need to look into your notes, the third time you will hardly, but still remember it, on the 4-5th repetition, do not pay attention to it, because you already remember it. This is a convenient passive repetition: as you read the book, all the stages we have indicated (those frightening 9 times) will pass unnoticed.

2. Fascinating series

The heroes of the series, as a rule, operate with a certain vocabulary, which rarely goes beyond the scope of general English. When watching the first series, you need to work hard, sit with a dictionary, dealing with new vocabulary. In the second or third episode, you will already recognize familiar expressions without translation, and by the end of the series you will go through not 9, but all 39 stages of repetition. A very nice way to make repetition unobtrusive. Fortunately, there are a lot of series now, you can find something to your liking.

However, we want to warn you against choosing TV shows with specific vocabulary. For example, the now popular "Doctor House" will replenish your vocabulary with not very useful words like the names of rare diseases and other medical terms. How to choose a series or film suitable for your level of knowledge and how to learn from it, you will learn from the article "".

7. The law of vivid impressions

What do we remember best? Holidays, happy moments, significant events - everything that is associated with strong positive emotions, vivid impressions. This means that training, including the stages of repetition, needs to be made bright. We do not advise you to learn English at a gala dinner at all, sometimes you need to change not the environment around, but yourself. Let repetition be a pleasant pastime for you. A positive attitude is an important ingredient for success. Change the attitude of "how boring to repeat" to "hooray, I remembered the new words." Psychologists advise you to imagine a situation where this knowledge would benefit you, help you in a difficult situation. This approach will allow you to create a strong connection in your head between the studied material and positive emotions.

8. Laws of retroactive and projective inhibition

Despite the intimidating name, the laws are simple and important. The essence of retroactive inhibition: if, after studying some information, you proceed to the study of the next block, the first information block will quickly be erased from memory. Watching TV, surfing the Internet, reading a book, etc. can interfere with normal memorization. So we recommend learning and repeating something before bed. 10-15 minutes before bedtime, repeat the material covered, it will work better than studying during the day.

The essence of projective inhibition: if we did not receive any information before the moment of training, it will be easier to memorize new material or repeat the old one. In simple terms, try to repeat what you learned in the morning, when the brain is rested and not overwhelmed with a variety of information.

Summing up, we want to say that without repeating the material covered, it will be difficult to keep it in memory for a long time. However, this important stage of assimilation of information can be made interesting and fast. And so that the material is even better fixed in memory, use it in practice. We suggest doing this with a teacher on ours. The teacher will help you quickly memorize new vocabulary and use it correctly in practice.