City, r.c., Chernivtsi region, Ukraine. Modern the form, used since the 16th century, gives the impression that the name is formed from the widespread glory, the anthroponymic base hot with the help of the possessive suffix in. However, in the sources of the XV century ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

KHOTIN, a city in Ukraine, the center of the Khotinsky district of the Chernivtsi region (see CHERNIVITSKY REGION). Located on the right bank of the Dniester River (see DNIESTER), 20 km from the railway station Kamyanets Podolsky (see KAMENETS PODOL'SKY). Population 11 thousand ... encyclopedic Dictionary

City in Ukraine, Chernivtsi region, on the river. Dniester. Cheese-making, wine-making factories, factory of art products. Historical Revolutionary Museum. Known since the 10th century. Castle (13th-15th centuries), princely palace (15th century), chapel (15th century) … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Exist., Number of synonyms: 1 city (2765) ASIS Synonym Dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary

Russian fortress in Galicia on the river. Dniester. In X XI centuries. was part of Kievan Rus, in the XII-XIII centuries. Galician (from 1199 Galicia-Volynsky) principality. From the 14th century Khotyn was occupied at different times by Moldova, Turkey and Poland. In 1812, according to Bucharest ... ... Russian history

City, center of the Khotinsky district of the Chernivtsi region of the Ukrainian SSR. Located on the river Dniester, 20 km from the railway station. station Kamenetz Podolsky (on the Larga Grechany line). Known since the 10th century. In 10-11 centuries. as part of Kievan Rus (See Kievan Rus), in ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (Kotzin) 1. Polish-Turkish wars Place of battle 22 Sept. 1621, which was attended by 35,000 Poles and 40,000 Ukrainian Cossacks under the command of Chodkiewicz and 200,000 Turks led by Osman II. Khodkevich, a man of advanced years, on death ... ... Encyclopedia of World History Battles

City in Bessarabia, Ukrainian Khotyn, Polish. Сhosim. Transformed but similar to other local. nn. on in. At the heart of the app. * Xotimj from * Hotim, decrease. from own Khotimir (Mi. Bildung 184 et seq.) or own. Khoten, cf. other Russian Khotenskaya (I Soph. ... ... Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language by Max Fasmer

Uezdn. mountains Bessarabian Gubernia, on its extreme north, on the right elevated and steep beret of the Dniester, along the slopes of two hills. Due to the scattered buildings, the abundance of gardens and a small number of stone buildings, the general view of the city resembles ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

A city (until 1856 a fortress) in the Chernivtsi region. Ukrainian SSR. In 10-11 centuries. was part of Kievan Rus, in the 12th-13th centuries. Galician (from 1199 Galicia-Volynsky) principality. From the 14th century X. at various times was under the rule of Moldova, Turkey and Poland. In 1812 by ... ... Soviet historical encyclopedia

Books

• Middle castles of Europe, Irina Pustynnikova, Natalia Bespalova. 160 pp. Middle castles of Europe - an illustrated encyclopedia about middle castles to help you learn more about myths and legends. Nimі vartovі, what to protect ...
• Khotin, Yuri Soroka. From the publisher: 1621 рік. Three majestic armies, having beaten hundreds of kilometers, roamed near Khotyn. Three friends - Andriy, Kulbaba, Mikita Nepiypivo and Maxim Gorbonis - accompanied by the wire of Peter ...

The history book of the ancient Ukrainian city of Khotyn records numerous battles and fierce battles, great uprisings and glorious victories. Fortress Khotynskaya has always been a tasty morsel for many conquerors. Its advantageous geographic location at the crossroads of important trading routes made it such a desirable prey. The Turkish sultans, Polish and Moldavian rulers wanted to conquer the Khotyn fortress. At one time it was the most powerful building in all of Eastern Europe. Today, the fortress in the city of Khotyn is recognized as one of the places where you should definitely visit for those who love adventure, ancient relics and ancient legends.

Legends of origin

The origin of the word "Khotin" has many different options. Some legends say that everyone who came here wanted to stay and live in this unique fortress.

The Khotyn fortress, the photo of which is presented below, is truly mesmerizing.

However, there is another legend. It tells about a guy and a girl who lived in ancient times on these lands. They wanted to get married. The bride's name was Ting and the groom's was Ho. But the girl's parents were against this union. The lovers built a boat and sailed down the Dniester, carried away by the current to unknown lands. Where she will land on the shore, there they will live.

The boat nailed to this very place, where the ancient city and its majestic fortress now stand. Ho and Ting began to live here. They had plenty of everything, and nature delighted them with its beauty.

The lovers had children. They grew up and got married or got married. So the city gradually grew here, named after its founders Ho-Tin. However, these are only legends. There is also historical information about the origin of the fortress.

Origin of Khotin

The history of the Khotyn fortress is diverse and permeated with the spirit of heroism. According to researchers, the first settlements on the territory where the fortress is now located appeared in the 8th-9th century. That the Khotyn Fortress is a really great place to live, you can see by looking at the photo below.

This is an excellent place in every respect. Thanks to a convenient approach to the water, a crossing over the Dniester River was carried out here. This led to the emergence at this place of one of the most important trade routes for many people. To defend this crossing, a fortress was built. It was created in the 12th century and at that time was built of wood.

In 1199, Khotyn became part of the Galicia-Volyn principality. Almost at the same time (in 1219), the Mongol-Tatar hordes began to raid these lands. In this situation, the brave prince Danila of Galicia decided to seriously strengthen his fortresses. Wooden buildings were replaced with stone ones.

The fortress of Khotynskaya also experienced the same restructuring. A high seven-meter wall was built around it, a deep ditch was dug. The fortress was rebuilt in the fifties of the 13th century. In size, it was somewhat inferior to the modern structure, but it performed its defensive role perfectly. The first church of this majestic fortification was also built here.

History of the fortress

The Khotyn fortress, the photos of which are located in the review, today keeps traces of many centuries that have passed through its stone walls.

In the second half of the 14th century, the lands of Khotyn were given under the jurisdiction of the Moldavian principality. From the end of the same century, settlements of Moldovans began to appear here, and from the 15th century, Armenians. In 1408, the Moldavian voivode Alexander Dobry decided to take a fee of 2 pennies “for horses” on the road to Khotyn.

The first sieges began in the fortress in the 30s of the 15th century by the Polish feudal lords. In 1450-1455 there was a Polish garrison here. In order not to become dependent on the Ottoman Turks, the governor Stefan III the Great radically changed the appearance and layout of the fortress in Khotyn.

The area was expanded, the level of the courtyard was raised, and towers about 40 m high were built. Loopholes were arranged in thick walls (5 m). There is a legend that during the construction of these walls a young girl was immured alive in them - as a sacrifice to the gods. This is how the locals explained the appearance of wet spots on the walls. In fact, the latter appeared on the site of an old, filled-in ditch.

At the same time, two palaces with deep cellars were built in the courtyard. They were connected by gates. From the passage to the chapel was created. This type of structure will not change for 6 centuries.

Fortress plan

The Khotyn fortress, the plan of which should be considered more closely, is a really well-planned defensive center. There are a number of different towers here. These include Over the Gate, South-Western, Commandant, Northern, Eastern towers. The territory now houses the Prince's (Commandant's) Palace. Barracks were built here in the 18th century.

In ancient times, a church was erected here and a deep well was dug. One of the mysteries of the walls of the fortress is a dark wet spot that does not dry out either in the heat or in the cold.

The inside of the castle can be accessed via a suspension bridge. In ancient times it went up and down. There is also a bridge on the other side of the gate. He had one important secret in him. If the enemies nevertheless broke through the gate, they fell on a wooden platform. The action of the hidden mechanism set it in motion, and the enemies simply fell down. A deep hole was dug there, in which sharp stakes stuck out. Nowadays, such a terrible mechanism that the Khotyn fortress had, for obvious reasons, is absent, but you can still see the depth of the enemy’s fall.

Entering the courtyard, you can see a long building on the right. Here were the barracks. Behind them is a church. And even further is the palace of the prince. These two buildings have stood here since the time of Stephen the Great. At the same time, a well was dug in the rock near the palace. It is now located in the center of the courtyard.

Well

According to the description, the well, located on the territory of the Khotyn fortress, has a depth of 68 meters. Its width reaches 2.5 m. It is hollowed out in the rock, and until now the water raised from its depths is drinkable. This is not all the information that can be found about the well in the Khotyn fortress.

For many centuries, this object has not ceased to fascinate people with its power. Many legends are connected with it, which the Khotyn fortress itself generates in the minds. Legends say that at the time of the first capture of this impregnable building by the Turks, a healer lived here. He had a daughter - the beautiful Katerina. The Turkish pasha, who then lived in the castle, fell ill only son. And no one could heal him. In obedience to his duty, the doctor brought the royal offspring back to life. But while the pasha's son was in the healer's house, he fell in love with Katerina. And so she sunk into his soul that the prince did not dare to marry the girl by force, he wanted her to come to him herself.

Upon learning of this, the Turkish pasha forced the girl to marry his son, otherwise her father was in danger of death. A year later, Katerina gave birth to a son. He had blond hair and blue eyes. Pasha could not get enough of his grandson and gave him a golden cradle.

The healer, all this time, could not find a place for himself from grief, he always wanted to rescue his only daughter from shameful captivity. And then one day he found a way. Having collected a certain set of herbs, he brewed a potion. He was able to transfer it to the palace.

The potion was supposed to turn Katerina and her son into water. So they could escape from the palace. Katerina drank the potion and gave it to her baby to drink. Then she threw the golden cradle into the well. So they were able to seep in tiny drops through the walls of the fortress. Their father was waiting for them. But he could not disenchant the fugitives, since the cradle was bewitched by an even stronger spell.

Some locals claim that the wet spot on the wall is Katrusya, who is waiting to be disenchanted with her son. This will only happen when someone gets the golden cradle from the bottom of the well. They say that on a moonlit night you can see how it gleams in the water. But so far it has not been given to anyone.

Structural features

The area where the Khotyn fortress is located is rocky. It is hard to imagine what a colossal work the ancient builders did to build such a structure.

It was erected by the peasants of nearby villages. To get to the top, where the Khotyn fortress was located, they had to drag stone, water and lime up on themselves. In those days, a decree was issued on the collection of dues in the form of eggs and milk. These products were added to the solution to give strength to the building. Thanks to such a miraculous solution, the walls of the fortress have stood to this day without significant damage. Some historians claim that during the Turkish administration of the fortress, nursing mothers were forced to bring them breast milk, which was also added to the solution when the destroyed walls were restored after the siege.

Khotyn fortress, information about which is provided to tourists and guests, has a system of underground tunnels. They connect all the buildings in the fortress. Under the ground, the inhabitants stored provisions, stockpiled weapons. There was also a prison here. Rebels who refused to carry heavy stones up the mountain every day were imprisoned in the dungeon. In 1491, there was even a peasant uprising, led by Andrei Borulya. The protest was quickly suppressed, and the main instigator and his comrades languished in the dungeons of this fortress for a long time. Andrei Borula was beheaded in the main square. His associates were thrown from the North Tower. It was the tallest building in the area.

Usually, the prisoners in the dungeons were thrown down from the East Tower. Therefore, it was also called the Death Tower. The executed fell on the Dniester rocks below. It was considered a bad sign if blood was shed in peacetime on the territory of the fortress. This predicted a bloody battle.

Prince's Palace

The Prince's Palace was also built in the 15th century. Later he was given the name of the Commandant's Palace. This is one of the most beautiful buildings that the Khotyn fortress has on its territory. Describing it can take a long time. But the most interesting detail on the façade is the beautiful pattern of red brick and white stone. In front of the palace there is a wooden summer banquet hall.

During the Turkish occupation of the fortress, the Pasha's harem was located on the second floor of the palace. At that time there were about 30 women in it, who were the wives of the ruler. According to legend, the sister of Sophia Pototskaya, who was famous for her beauty, was also here. They say the sisters even met more than once

Pasha loved his wives and in every possible way pleased them. For them, on his orders, baths were built near the fortress walls, and there was even a pool.

plumbing system

In the distant 15th century, the inhabitants of the fortress had a water supply and sewerage system. This is a rather unusual situation for that time. Water was supplied directly from the river.

The facilities were used not only by the pans, but also by ordinary residents. The Khotyn fortress had toilets in which water was supplied for the higher ranks, and ordinary people were content with a sewerage system that flowed down the walls of the fortress.

The White Tower of the Tower Palace had the same sewage disposal system. This is a fairly acceptable principle for a sewerage device for that time. High above the wall, nothing is visible, because the withdrawal is made from the outside. Rain and snow washed everything away.

For high-ranking persons even pools operated. The comfort of using the water supply, despite the fact that the yard was in the 15th century, is hard to overestimate. Fortress Khotynskaya this compared favorably with many European castles.

Significant events

Many significant events took place under the walls of this fortress. In 1621, a battle took place here between the Ukrainian-Polish army and the Turks. Thus, the advance of the Ottoman Empire to the west was stopped. This historically important battle saved Europe from Turkish domination. She was observed by the Khotyn fortress. How to get to this significant place will be discussed later.

Thanks to courage and ingenuity, the Cossacks, led by the hetman, won this battle.

In 1673 the Battle of Khotyn took place. Hetman defeated the army of the Turks. Many historically important events took place in these lands.

In the 18th century, the Russian Empire took Khotyn 4 times. Lomonosov wrote "Ode on the Capture of Khotin", dedicated to one of these battles.

How to get to the fortress

To get to the Khotyn fortress, you need to come from Kiev to Kamenetz-Podolsk by train.

A bus also follows from bus station No. 1 in Khmelnitsk. If you plan to travel by your own car, then it will lead to the destination of the traveler. From Kamenetz-Podolsk, you should move south. You will have to drive only 27 km. You should take into account the time at which visitors are allowed into the Khotyn fortress. Otherwise, after driving many kilometers, you will have to look for an overnight stay, and the trip will need to be extended.

The working hours of the Khotyn fortress starts at 9 am and ends at 6 pm. Entrance to the territory costs about 30 rubles, and if you want to take pictures or film the beauty of the ancient building on video, you will need to pay another 20-30 rubles.

The Khotyn Fortress will undoubtedly leave a sea of ​​unforgettable impressions. The magical beauty of nature, combined with the secrets and legends that the walls of this building keep, all this will not leave any guest indifferent.

XIV - XVIII centuries

Probably, the Jewish population appeared in Khotyn at the end of the 14th century. - the beginning of the XV century. In the XV century. and XVI century. Jewish merchants passed through Khotyn, which was an important trading point on the route from Turkey to Poland along the Dniester, and stopped in the city to pay customs duties and participate in fairs (since 1541).

In the 17th century in Khotyn there was a community of Karaites. The first written mention of the community of Jewish Rabbanites dates back to 1741.

In 1756, the apostate J. Frank and his followers fled to Khotyn from persecution by Polish Jews. Here in the middle of the XVIII century. Jews from Russia found refuge, for whom the Jewish community raised funds in Germany.

19th century

During the period of Turkish rule, the Jewish community increased: in 1807, 216 Jewish houses were registered in the city (23% of the total building), in which 340 families lived. The plan of 1817 shows a synagogue in the northern part of the city. The main occupation of the Jews was trade, including with other parts of Bessarabia; with Ukraine (sometimes smuggled); as well as the lease of estates, mills, oil mills and distilleries.

Upon entering the Russian Empire, the entire population of Bessarabia, including Jews, was exempted from recruitment duty. This contributed to active Jewish immigration to the region; in 1831 Khotin was granted special trading privileges. In 1847, there were already 1067 Jewish families in Khotyn, and in the 1860s. - six to seven thousand Jews. In 1847, a state Jewish school was opened, in 1857 - a private Jewish women's school, in 1860 - a Jewish hospital, in 1861 a building of a large stone synagogue was built (completed in 1900).

In religious life, Hasidism enjoyed great influence. In the first half of the XIX century. the rabbi in Khotyn was Isaiah Shor; from the second half of the 19th century. the rabbinic post was occupied by representatives of the Starkovsky family.

In the second half of the XIX century. Khotyn's economy declined due to its remoteness from the railway, and the Jewish population practically did not increase. In 1897, 9291 Jews lived in Khotyn (50.2% of the total population). The Jews were mainly engaged in crafts and trade, including smuggling. Close ties existed between the Jews of Khotin and the Jews of Galicia and Podolia.

In Khotyn, Jews lived for the most part in the cramped, crowded quarters of the Old City on winding narrow streets, which contemporaries ironically called "the foretaste of Istanbul." It was said that on the roofs of Jewish houses it was possible to bypass the entire Old City.

At the beginning of the XX century. the Talmud Torah was built.

20th century

First half of the 20th century

In 1910, there were 9,132 Jews in Khotyn (43.2%). After the February Revolution in Russia, the first secular Jewish community in Bessarabia was created in the city (1917, recognized by the Romanian authorities in 1929). During the period of Romanian rule, a school of the Tarbut system with teaching in Hebrew, male and female elementary schools with teaching in Yiddish, a Jewish bank were founded; there were Jewish communities. From 1925 Rabbi Mordechai Israel of Tver lived in Khotyn. In 1930, the Jewish population was 5785 people (37.7%).

The Second World War

Khotyn was occupied by German and Romanian troops on July 7, 1941. In the very first days, two thousand Jews were shot in the town square. Soon all the Jews were gathered by order in the school building, where members of the intelligentsia (including Rabbi of Tver) were shot. On August 1, a group of Jews was brutally murdered (buried alive) near the village of Barkovo; the rest were sent to the Securyany concentration camp, from where they were then deported to Transnistria. After the end of the war, about 300 Jews returned to the city.

End of XX - beginning of XXI century

Khotin. Gravestone of the maiden Mikhli, daughter of Menachem-Nukhim (1865). Typical dialectal phonetic spelling is bsile, Nukhim, Elil

Epitaph in Yiddish on the gravestone of Azriel Yanover (Khotin, 1938)

In 1970, about a thousand Jews lived in Khotyn. In 2004, the synagogue was still visited by about ten parishioners. As in other former towns, there are practically no Jews left in Khotyn now: either they have already died, or they left for Germany, Israel, the USA (less often - to large cities of Ukraine and other CIS countries).

The reconstructed building of the synagogue and the Jewish cemetery with tombstones, on which the carving is made in the original local style, have been preserved. ,

Khotin in the history of Jewish literature

At the beginning of the 20th century, Khotin was known as one of the main centers of Jewish literature in Bessarabia, second only to the Lipkans of the same Khotyn district, which the poet Chaim-Nakhmen Bialik called "Bessarabian Olympus" in the level of literary life. Writers and poets lived and began to create in the town:

• Leiser-Duvid Rosenthal(1856, Khotyn - 1932, Odessa) - since 1861 he lived in Teleneshty, in 1918-19 in Teplik (Podolia), then in Odessa, published from the 1880s in the collections of M. Spector "hoyes-frind" ( friend at home), newspapers "Der Yud" ( Jew), "Dos Labm" ( A life), “Moment”, in 1904 published a series of translations in five editions under the Odessa newspaper “Dos Labm” (Maxim Gorky, A.P. Chekhov, Bret Garth), published documentary material about the pogroms of the period of the Civil War in Ukraine (in Hebrew in 1927-31, then in Yiddish)
• Gdalee Lipiner(1876-1933) - fabulist, author of children's poems and educator
• Shopse Lerner(1879-1913), who taught in Balti, author of songs, poems, plays, translations from Russian and German, books "Yn Der Fremd" ( in a foreign land) and "Di Yiddish Torbe" ( Jewish sack);
• Srul Goichberg, who worked in

Today Khotyn- This is a small provincial town with a population of just over 10 thousand people, and the silence and tranquility reigning here can give the impression that it has always been like this. However, this impression would be false. Khotyn is the oldest Ukrainian city, in which, over a thousand-year history, the most important events took place, forever leaving their mark not only on the fate of the city, but also on the fate of the whole country.

Khotyn is called an illustration of the freedom-loving Ukrainians, the cradle of national heroes. The border city, located on an important trade route, fatefully received a name meaning “desired”, more than once tried to conquer and repeatedly subjugated foreigners, but every time the inhabitants of the city and the surrounding villages joined the troops that stood up to defend it and fought for their freedom not for life, but to death.

When the history of Khotin began is not exactly known. The rocky hill on the right bank of the Dniester was chosen by people as early as the Copper Age, in the 2nd century AD the ancient Slavs settled here, but the settlement that arose in the 7th century is considered the progenitor of the modern city. Among the evidence of the pre-Kiev period of the development of Khotyn are found ovens-heaters and semi-dugouts, in which the first residents of Khotyn lived.

As a city, Khotyn was first mentioned in the 10th century, when Prince Vladimir the Great subjugated the lands from the Carpathians to the Dniester to the Kiev principality and began to create a system of border fortifications in the south and west of his state. September 22, 1002 is considered the date of foundation of the city, thus, in 2002 Khotyn celebrated its millennium! At the same time, at the beginning of the 11th century, the first Khotyn fortress made of wood was erected.

Founded on an important trade route at a convenient crossing over the Dniester, Khotyn quickly flourished, handicraft and trade developed here. After Kiev, the city was part of the Galician, then the Galician-Volyn principalities, and this time was the calmest in its history. As if he felt the coming trials, Prince Danila of Galicia in the middle of the 13th century erected a castle and stone fortifications on the site of a wooden fortress. Also at this time, the first city church was built - Nikolaevskaya or Red, which has survived to this day in the perimeter of the fortress.

Since the 14th century, Khotyn, which has become a major trade and craft center, has become an object of close attention of all border states, each of which seeks to capture it. From the middle of the 14th to the beginning of the 19th century, the city several times visited many kingdoms, principalities and empires: Hungary, Moldova, Turkey, Poland, Russia. More than once it passed from one hand to another, several large-scale military clashes are associated with Khotyn.

So, the turning point in the history of northern, southern and eastern Europe, which for a long time was under the yoke of the Turkish conquerors, was the Battle of Khotyn in 1621, when the Ukrainian-Polish army defeated the 120,000-strong Turkish army several times superior in number of soldiers. Then the plans of the Turks for Khotyn as a support for the further conquest of the country were destroyed, as well as the hopes of planting the Turkish yoke in other European states. On the site of the battle near the Khotyn fortress in 1991, a monument to Hetman Pyotr Saydagachny was erected - one of the most unusual sights of the city by the sculptor V. Gamal.

The Khotyn battle is just one of many that took place under the walls of the fortress. The centuries-old period, when the city and its environs became the place of the last manifestation of courage for thousands of soldiers, ended only in 1812, when Khotyn became part of the Russian Empire.

With the accession to Russia, the commercial importance of the city increased, it became an important river port, and the fortress was abolished in 1856. The 19th century was the time of the construction of modern Khotyn in the west of the Old Town. Although at the same time a new building appeared in Old Khotyn - the Church of Alexander Nevsky in 1832 by the architect Staubert. And today, the single-dome stone church, a beautiful example of the architectural style of Russian classicism, together with the Holy Intercession Church built in 1868, are the main cult sights of the city. The attention of tourists is also attracted by the Old Believer Church and the stone customs building of the 17th century.

Khotyn can surprise its guests not only with the ancient fortress, in which more than 50 films were shot, including Taras Bulba 2009, The Ballad of the Valiant Knight Ivanhoe, The Three Musketeers. In the new Khotyn, which is a low-rise building, many buildings of the 19th century have been preserved, real wells that can be found everywhere remind of the romantic past, and numerous monuments about the events that took place here.

Of course, tourists are attracted to the city by the glory of such a famous landmark of Ukraine as the Khotyn Fortress historical and cultural reserve, but not only the ancient fortress, but also the amazing atmosphere of the city, its originality and beauty, which may be explained by the fact that its inhabitants finally gained their long-awaited freedom.

From the 10th to the 11th century, the city was part of Kievan Rus, in the 12th century it became the property of the Galicia-Volyn principality. Starting from the 14th century, the settlement passes from hand to hand, first of the Moldavian ruler, then of Genoa, the Turks and the Commonwealth.

In the late spring of 1600, the sovereign of Moldova, Movila, together with his family, was forced to hide in the Khotyn castle after the attack of the ruler of Transylvania and Wallachia, Mihai the Brave. In those days, Khotyn was under the rule of the Commonwealth. In 1621, a grandiose battle took place near Khotyn between the Turks and the Polish army. As a result of fierce battles, the army of the Ottoman Empire was defeated. This ended her conquest of the lands of Europe for this period.

In 1699, according to the results of a peace treaty, Khotyn passed into the possession of the Moldavian principality. As a result of the outbreak of the northern war in 1713, Khotyn was conquered by the Turks, in whose power the city would be for almost a century. After several Russian-Turkish wars in 1812, Khotyn passed into the possession of the Russian state and became part of the Bessarabian region, later a province. In the winter of 1919, an uprising broke out in the city against the Romanians. In the summer of 1940, as a result of the accession of Bessarabia to the Soviet Union, Khotyn became a small regional center of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic.

sights

The sights of the city include the princely palace built in the 15th century, the chapel dating back to the 15th century and the Khotyn fortress built in the 13th-15th centuries. Currently, the fortress is a museum complex, which includes: the commandant's palace, a church, four defensive towers. In the church building, individual elements of the painting dating back to the 16th century are still preserved. It was on the territory of the majestic and powerful fortress that some historical films were shot. Among them, the most famous are "The Ballad of the Valiant Knight Ivanhoe", "Arrows of Robin Hood", "Taras Bulba" and others.