This book is a textbook, but for those who want to achieve something in life, it is a fascinating tutorial. With its help, without any extra effort, everyone can master the art of speaking simply, clearly and convincingly.

The purpose of the book is to teach the conscious use of rhetorical techniques in various situations. It covers all the traditional sections of oratory and all aspects of preparing for a speech. Parts of the rhetoric course are presented in an accessible form and illustrated with examples. Each paragraph of the textbook ends with a summary. Here are given practical tasks allowing creative assimilation of the material.

For law students educational institutions, legal practitioners, as well as those who want to learn how to speak simply and convincingly.

On our website you can download the book "Rhetoric. Textbook" Oleg Vitalievich Petrov for free and without registration in fb2, rtf, epub, pdf, txt format, read the book online or buy the book in the online store.

Rhetoric is a philological science about the art of speech. Many people think that oratory is associated only with the speeches of influential personalities, politicians, etc. But this is not so. General training and teaching etiquette, verbal communication through theoretical classes and exercises will be useful for anyone.

Additionally, etiquette and eloquence should be developed if you often speak to groups of people at work or school. The speech of the speaker implies a monologue aimed at suggesting information to the listener. The more accurately the process of influencing the audience is worked out, the better the person observes the norms of oratory and optimizes communication with the public.

Studying eloquence, we learn speech norms, the secrets of persuading people, the correct organization of information.

Consider the skills that a speaker should have:

• Reading is an indispensable quality of a speaker who has a competent speech and clearly expresses his thoughts.
• Clear pronunciation of words, possession of diction when communicating with the audience.
• The speaker must have a loud, well-placed voice.
• Know how to deal with anxiety. The speaker knows how to control the fear of public speaking.
• speech improvisation. The speaker knows how to answer tricky questions, where to emphasize in speech for better perception of information, etc.

How and where is rhetoric taught

You can learn the components of oratory on your own. To do this, it is important to regularly practice the acquired knowledge in practice, critically evaluate yourself and others when it comes to public speaking. You can start teaching the culture of speech in the following way:

• Sign up for special public speaking courses. A school of rhetoric is suitable for organizing the education of children and developing their speech communication.
• Find video lectures or online rhetoric lessons on the Internet. So you will spend the least amount of money and time on training.
• With the help of specialized literature.

The basics of eloquence are often taught in universities in philological specialties, so if there is an opportunity and you intend to take a course in this subject, be sure to do it.

Rhetoric: A Study Guide for Self-Study

Self-study involves the acquisition of specialized literature. Since oratory consists of many aspects, consider the fact that when choosing a book, one rhetoric textbook may contain the language of business communication, etiquette, and the other will be training in practical skills. We offer you a list of successful benefits for learning public speaking at home:

"General rhetoric", Koshansky N.F. 1829

“General Rhetoric” is one of the very first works on this science, which was written by N.F. Koshansky. In his book, he develops the subject of general and particular rhetoric, a system of rules for the formation of speech, and describes various stylistic compositional forms. Private rhetoric includes types of literature and their interaction. General rhetoric - the basic rules of literature. Koshansky divided the book into three sections:

• Invention - a section where Koshansky explains how to understand an object that is fraught with a source of information, thoughts. To convey this to the reader, he talks about the "sources of invention" that describe thinking process brain.
• Arrangement is a part of the book that teaches you how to correctly form the structure of an essay or speaker's speech. The main idea of ​​the section is learning to express your thoughts concisely and naturally.
• Expression of thoughts - a section aimed at developing skills related to the correct presentation of ideas on paper and aloud.

Koshansky used simple language, with minimal water content, in order to create communication with the reader on an equal footing.

"Theory of Rhetoric", Yu.V. Rozhdestvensky 1997

In his book, the author encourages the reader to comprehend contemporary problems rhetoric, touches upon aspects of the development of the means of information transmission, focuses on the theory of the language of business communication. Etiquette and culture of behavior of a business person is the fundamental theory of the book. Rozhdestvensky explores communication through oral and written speech, electronic communications, and presents the material in an expanded form. The reader gets acquainted with the tradition of Russian and European rhetoric, their features and differences. The author pays close attention to the theory of the development of the study of the Russian language.

Kokhtev N.N. "Rhetoric" - 1994

An informative study guide that describes the techniques of successful public speaking, the use of other components of oratory in practice. A succinctly described history of rhetoric, based on the statements and experience of public figures, will help the reader to become more deeply imbued with speech culture, and special exercises will consolidate the skills acquired in the theoretical part.

"Pedagogical rhetoric in questions and answers", Ippolitova N.A. 2011

Pedagogical rhetoric - oratory and culture of speech used in pedagogy. It includes features pedagogical communication, communication links. Ippolitova in this textbook talks about the practical application of speech culture, focuses on the basic concepts of professional pedagogical rhetoric, highlights the specifics of professional eloquence.

"Rhetoric", Kuznetsov I.N. 2013

In his book, Kuznetsov dwells in detail on the problems of oratory and eloquence. Informative sections on preparation for public speaking, for conducting controversy. The textbook absorbed the traditions of the Western school of rhetoric, modern aspects of the development of oratory. The manual contains general practical advice to resolve speech problems. Suitable for students, university professors and for self-study of oratory.

Rhetoric aids for students

If you are a student educational institution regardless of your specialty, and want to learn etiquette, the basics of speech culture, we offer you a list of special educational literature for students:

"Rhetoric and culture of speech", Pavlova L.G., Vvedenskaya L.A. 2012

A textbook on the study of oratory and the basics of controversy for university students, school students. To the greatest extent, Pavlova and Vedenskaya focus on the culture of speech, preparing the speaker for public speaking, and the ability to maintain a dialogue. The manual can be used in training courses for advanced training. Designed for those who want to independently understand the intricacies of public speaking, to be a convincing and self-confident speaker.

"Rhetoric. Speech training with exercises, Lemmermann Heinz 1986

A textbook by a professor at the University of Bremen, which was published twice in Germany. In this book, in addition to theoretical skills, the practical side of oratory is also presented in detail. The peculiarity of the manual is the presentation of material that is difficult to perceive plain language without excess water. After reading, you will learn how to properly discuss, master the basic rules and features of oratory. Heinz Lemmermann focused the author's course on students seeking to improve their speech skills.

"Practical Rhetoric", Sternin I.A. 2008

In his book, Sternin collected explanations of the rules, concepts, rhetoric techniques, and practical exercises for working out the learned material. The focus of this tutorial is on public speaking, from the aspect of what pose to stand up to the step-by-step analysis of the structure of the speech, and the detailed study of each part. The textbook is suitable for students of universities and colleges, as well as professionals who want to refresh their skills public speech.

"The Art of Rhetoric. Handbook on eloquence”, Golub I.B. 2005

This book is intended for those who want to improve the level of cultural speech. In an accessible language, Irina Golub tells the reader about the intricacies of eloquence, gives advice on developing accurate and expressive speech, prevents the occurrence of common logical and stylistic errors. The allowance is designed for high school students, students humanitarian specialties.

"Rhetoric: Theory and practice of speech communication", Zaretskaya E.N. 2002

Doctor of Philology Zaretskaya E.N. developed this textbook for conducting the author's course at Moscow State University. It examines the process of verbal communication, the importance of oratory as the basis of human communication.

Zaretskaya's communication scheme is an important part of the textbook. Its application determines the successful construction of communication channels in the organization, as a result of which the scheme has become widespread in corporate etiquette. It includes the following main elements: message, sender, addressee. In addition to philological specialties, the textbook is also designed for lawyers and teachers.

"Language and business communication: norms, rhetoric, etiquette", Koltunova M.V. 2000

The first systematic manual on rhetoric. Koltunova emphasized the use of the culture of oratory, as well as the section of rhetoric "business communication". Training is based on a number of questions: how to write business letters, how to write summaries, reports, orders; how to behave in negotiations and other public meetings. In the book, for each theoretical block, there are many life examples and exercises for self-control. The target audience of the manual is students in management specialties.

When choosing a book, pay attention to the language of writing, and if it has a lot of incomprehensible scientific definitions, then do not waste your time and look for another manual. By putting effort into the process of studying the material, after a while you will improve the skills of verbal communication and public speaking.

Homeschooling is a general term for all forms of schooling outside of school: family education, self-education, additional education in the subjects of the school curriculum.

Russian Law "On Education ..." all responsibility for the organization and results of home schooling in school programs imposes on parents and obliges to return the child to school if he did not pass the certification on time.

The Algorithm Home Education Center invites you to share this responsibility with us: to organize and ensure successful home education and certification of your child according to the school programs you have chosen with the help of our qualified teachers, modern educational resources and technology, many years of experience and professional knowledge.

We will help solve all the problems of school education outside of school: from choosing the best form of education and an external school from among our partner schools to preparing for the Unified State Examination.

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My son Pavel graduated from high school, passed the exam and all this thanks to a very well-organized learning process at the Algorithm school. I would especially like to express my gratitude to the teacher of Russian language and literature, Polina Leonidovna, who helped me to comprehend the wisdom of these difficult subjects for a whole year. Tatyana Evgenievna, whose concerns everything was clearly planned. The teacher of mathematics also wants to say a lot of kind words! What a blessing to have such a wonderful school! THANKS!

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How to combine school and creativity The last year at school I dreamed of switching to distance learning, since work in the theater and the violin took most my time. And in a regular school, I was not satisfied with the attitude of teachers towards students. Distance learning has saved me, allowing me to free up time for my favorite activity. In addition, no school over the years has been able to give me what I received in two years of study in a program compiled by an online school. Education here fully met all my expectations. Thanks!

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Plenty of time for profile studies! I finished grades 10-11 in one year - I really liked distance learning. I entered with good results to college the first time! Online learning allowed me to prepare for profile exams without wasting time on non-essential items. True, it is sometimes difficult to force yourself to do it, but then the result is better!

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Now I can do everything After the 9th grade, I decided to switch to distance learning. After all, I go in for sports professionally: I train a lot, constantly at the training camp and do not have time to attend classes at a regular school at all. My parents and I began to actively look for a school: it turned out that many athletes initially study remotely. Being anywhere in the world, I can study on the Learning Portal and with teachers online, do all my homework remotely, and come to school to hand over all face-to-face work several times a year. The non-daily attendance form of study literally saved me.

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Opportunity to play your favorite sport and get necessary knowledge I have been playing hockey professionally for many years. For several years I have been a player in the Russian Youth Team. This year, together with my team, we won bronze medals at the Youth World Championship! But I don’t want to connect my life only with sports, so studying is also very important for me. In the future, I would like to do journalism. Distance learning for me is an opportunity to play my favorite sport at a high level and gain the necessary knowledge.

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In "Algorithm" it is easier and more interesting to study than in a regular school In distance learning, I have to do everything on my own, and I have already learned this. But without the skills of self-discipline, nothing will work. Now I can count my own time. I think that students in a regular school with self-discipline have much more problems. But for me, this is a necessity. In this form of training, there is nothing superfluous, knowledge is better absorbed. The lessons of mathematics and physics are especially exciting for me - they are accompanied by excellent video materials.


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Galina Z., student's mother

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Rama before Elena Petrovna had a rejection of the subjects “Russian language” and “literature”. Now the child reads a lot and with pleasure, he has an interest in writing essays. Rama aspires to online classes conducted by Elena Petrovna, communicates with pleasure on the topics of the subjects she teaches. We express our sincere gratitude to Elena Petrovna for her love and care for our child.

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Oksana K., student's mother

Main advantage distance learning in the "Algorithm" compared to traditional school It is an opportunity to plan and manage your own time. Alternative education it is worth choosing those parents who are ready to seriously invest in the education of children, in their future. At the same time, the children themselves should understand that this form of education will require a lot of independent work, they should set themselves a clear goal related to the choice of the profession that they dream of acquiring.

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Maria K., student's mother

Dear teachers and school leaders! I would like to thank everyone from the bottom of my heart for the tremendous work that you are doing so that modern, effective and interesting educational tools are available to children. Children are different, everyone has their own characteristics, their strengths, which the current education system does not always allow to reveal. And your technique helps to focus on knowledge that is really important for each child. Thanks from me and my son! If today I myself were so old as to go to your school, I would go without hesitation! To everyone who wants education to become not an imposed boring and unpleasant obligation, but an interesting and valuable thing, to which it is worth instilling love for life, I recommend sending the child to your school.

I am sure that this is the only way to learn today - saving time, effort and working at your own pace. Before joining Algorithm, we changed several schools, we even had the experience of studying abroad, but it was in your school that we found what we were looking for - high level teaching, comfortable format and strong programs in the required disciplines. Children are interested in learning here, and your teachers are truly authoritative teachers for children.

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Alexandra P., student's mother

We chose the Algorithm school 2 years ago, respectively, we studied the 9th and 10th grades, this year we will finish the 11th and take the exam. My daughter is professionally involved in sports, and training is our priority, which is why distance learning attracted us. But knowing how difficult it is for a child to organize himself, I chose part-time form learning.

In the ninth grade, 6 subjects were taught full-time, in the 10th grade - 4, those that we take for the exam. For two recent years chose the 10+ form, that is, in a year we completed the program of grades 10 and 11, and this year we will prepare only for those subjects that are needed for admission.

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The administration resolves all issues promptly, both remotely and in person. Always ready to help, offer different options for solving emerging issues. Total: the ability to plan your time, a clearly defined scope of tasks, a new level of independence and responsibility of the child, since the format is more reminiscent of a university one, there are no nannies, but they will help, if there is a desire.

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Maria F., student's mother

"Algorithm" fully met our expectations, and we would like to continue to study with you next year. We express our gratitude to the administration for the excellent work. We are very pleased that for a whole year we were together with such wonderful teachers as Elena Petrovna, Tatyana Viktorovna, Sergey Pavlovich.

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Polina is registered at the local school, and what she learned in the first grade is taught in the second grade at our school. So we go on an accelerated program and pass the exams three times: 1) when moving from elementary to high school 2) then to the senior 3) final exams.

Polina's main success is this: Polina herself decided to learn English, chose the courses herself, passed the test herself and signed up for classes, left the phone. They called me from the English school and said: “Are you Polina's mother? She passed the test with us and left your phone. I didn't know anything about it. I liked the act, free and fearless (I know other opinions on this subject, but I would have done the same in her place).

What is family education

Family education is the education of the child according to the programs of the general school, organized by the parents. At the end of the basic school or upon reaching the age of 18, you can master the program of grades 10-11 on your own - in the form of self-education. In Moscow schools, since 2013, it is also possible to study full-time, part-time and part-time, reducing the number of full-time classes at school. Regardless of the form of education, all students have the right to free midterm school assessment (externship), the right to use the school library and other general rights of schoolchildren.

Homeschooling at Algorithm Center

Depending on the choice of the form of education and relations with the school and the Algorithm programs you have chosen, you can study with us completely, online (at an online school), full-time - in one of our training centers located in the center of Moscow, or by combining face-to-face classes in these training centers with online classes on our educational portal. All classes are held individually or in groups of up to 12 people.

Our programs are online and offline.

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• school curriculum from grades 1 to 11
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How to switch to family education

According to the Law “On Education…” it is only necessary to “notify the local self-government body municipal district or city district. However, of course, serious preparation for this crucial step - the organization of the "parent school" - requires careful planning and consultations in the center of family education - for example, in our "Algorithm".

• Psychology

Preface to the first edition (1962) In the musical environment, a funny joke goes around in circles; playing the piano is not at all difficult: press only with the right finger in right time to the desired key. This joke applies to rhetoric as well; speech is not difficult at all: say only the right words at the right time at the right address. But easier said than done. You won't become a pianist or speaker overnight. The pianist trains his fingers endlessly until he masters the fluency of the keyboard; mastering the art of oratory will allow only a long and persistent training of speech and thinking. You may have heard of someone you know: he knows, but he doesn't express himself well. Many people sincerely believe that they cannot give speeches. “I have not been given this. It's a gift that I don't have." And at the same time they will make a small speech about the fact that they cannot make speeches. What a paradox! Whoever can speak will be able to master the art of speech: it is important to know the basic rules and, of course, practice. Every question, every sentence, and every conversation is a speech in miniature. Why is it not possible to deliver a longer speech, and also in the presence of listeners? The proposed textbook is intended as a systematic introduction to modern rhetoric. Its purpose is to help develop speech skills and conduct discussions; briefly, coherently and in an accessible form to reveal the "iron" rules that have proven their effectiveness in oratory practice. We are talking about instruction not in artistic reading, but in speech practice, no matter in what sphere of life. This book is mainly the result of experiences and reflections from pedagogical as well as political and Everyday life. I also interviewed all sorts of small, medium and large "minds" and was surprised that they all knew what to say on such a topic as rhetoric. The task of a student of oratory is not to skim through this book and grab a few funny examples, but in daily (!) Several minutes of speech exercises. Those who are not ready to carefully and slowly work out the most important provisions proposed in the textbook should not even begin. For beginners who are eager to learn, I recommend taking this difficult food in homeopathic doses so as not to suffer from spiritual "digestion disorders." It is best to do the exercises with friends. Then each controls the other and, in addition, represents the public. Something will always work out if you add perseverance and patience. I am grateful for critical remarks and additions. But think about this: the ability to speak does not mean talking incessantly. Today, thanks to newspapers and radio, as well as epidemics various events in today's industry of all kinds of contacts, we are experiencing the inflation of the word. The word must be handled carefully and with a sense of responsibility. A good speaker speaks less, but better. The word is neither good nor evil; it can help, but it can harm or destroy. “The word must be the bridge. But it can also be a wall,” said Albrecht Gees. While working on this book, I observed three principles, which the ancient experts in rhetoric paid attention to: “docere, delectare, movere” - to teach, to please, to induce. Not everyone who works through this book will become a good speaker, but I hope they will be stronger in rhetoric than before. Lilienthal Trupe near Bremen May 1962 Heinz Lemmermann Preface to the revised edition (1986) This textbook is written for schoolchildren, for self-taught students and simply for interested persons, that is, for representatives of various professions and occupations who wish to master rhetoric. The proposed textbook is not a scientific treatise, not a book of recipes for all cases of rhetoric, but a kind of useful reference book that provides "insurance" in practical rhetoric. This book has been well received by the reader for about 24 years and has gone through many editions. I am glad that some of her ideas and new concepts have entered the special literature. The structure of the book has largely been preserved. Changes and additions dictated by the time have been made to the content. At the same time, the results of experience, the conclusions of science and reflections of recent years are taken into account. Today, an important aspect of any activity is discussions, debates and negotiations. This range of topics is covered by me in the book “School of Debate. Articles on Dialogic Rhetoric. The book was published in 1986 by the publishing house "Oltsog", conceived as a supplement to the present, as "Textbook, part 2". As for speech, it is also true for what is written: no book is so good that it cannot be improved. Therefore, I look forward to constructive criticism in the future.From the bottom of my heart I thank my wife Ruth, who printed the text and critically reviewed it.Lilienthal-Trupe near Bremen May 1986 Heinz Lemmermann