(193), Septimia of the North (193-211), Karakalla (211-217)

Commod and Mark Aureli

Conspiracy Mantna

The appearance of the British deputation in Rome has already shown the decline of discipline; Soon, after that other symptoms of the demoralization of the imperial troops appeared. Mattern, a simple warrior, a man brave, scored out of deserters, shelters and runaway slaves a numerous ham robbers, walked with her Gaul, in Spain, robbed rich defenseless cities. The rulers of those provinces have long looked at robbery in idle, perhaps, to receive for a part of the extraction. Finally, the formidable orders of the commoda forced them to leave carelessness; In a common plan, they moved the troops against the robbers, surrounded the Mantna Shayka from all sides; She could not resist because the troops were too numerous. Manta came up with a means to escape and dismissed. According to his advice, the robbers changed and diverged by small groups; Introducing between the troops, they went deserted mountain paths in Rome and, not noticed by anyone, gathered there by the time of the Megaless holiday, when the people were noisy and buoyedly fun. Mother wanted to intervene in the detachment of bodyguards with the most reliable comrades, to kill the emperor of Commoda and become from the robber in the master of the state. But some of his matradists, the envy of him, issued intent. Merne and the tapering of his comrades were captured and executed (April 188).

Cleandra

The people thanked the gods for saving the emperor from two conspiractions. But if I had joined the throne or Mother, the state would hardly have suffered more than suffered from Commoda. He was afraid of malfaction; More and more was removed from the people, lived on his villas, was engaged in a fencing with gladiators, and the entire administration and judicial power provided the new prefect to Cleander, Frygica, who got into the palace of the slave and acquired the location of his commodity lord to be zealous. Cleandra was not so ambitious as transferred; His dominant passion was korestolubie; Having done the prefect, he satisfied his LCB, selling posts and in Rome itself and in the provinces, solved court cases for bribes. Cleander publicly sold San Consul, San Patricia, Senator, says GibbonAnd who would refuse to buy a donation for most of their state of these empty, almost shameful, titles, he would have come to the number of intruders. Claband held y himself money scheduled for the maintenance of charitable institutions. The rulers of the provinces robbed people and shared mining with the prefect. Rich criminals easily bought self impunity and roared complaining about them, roared witnesses. Claden supported himself in the grace of the Y emperor to flatten and magnificent gifts, which was put to the feet of Commoda from time to time. He sat down magnificent games, made public buildings to arrange the people. The intrigues of Cleandra were executed by Senator Burr, the husband of the commodity sisters, who drove himself to tell him about his potholes, and Arry Antonin, the heir to the name and virtue of Antonins, the former Consulus Asia and the refused to make injustices that Claden demanded. The favorite of the emperor invented the conspiracy, called Burra and Antonin accomplices of him, and the commodo ordered to execute them.

The holidays blinded by the holidays, which generously gave him Cleandra, the Roman people took three years to the Tiracy of the greedy Frigian, the former slave. But during the epidemic, terriblely ferocating in Rome, when 2000 people died a day, he compiled the capital another disaster: He began hunger, it turned out that he was produced by Cleandra speculatzia, which bought all the bread; The people of the crowd went to the Palace of the Emperor. The palace in which the Commoda lived then was in one of the reviews of Rome; The crowd crossed the palace and demanded the head of Cleandra. The squad of the Pretorian cavalry attacked the crowd, she ran into the city; The cavalry pursued her, but in narrow streets met more resistances. The people threw out of the windows and with roofing darts, stones, other heavy things on Pretorians; They had to retreat. The people of the crowd, numerous former, tried to the gate of the palace, repeating their demand. The commodity burned in the remote part and did not hear noise, did not know anything about what was being done. Fadilla, sister of the emperor, and marching, his favorite concubine, frightened, ran with her hair, in the room, rushed to his knees before the commod, begging him to calm the annoyed crowd, sacrifting the hated prefect. Commodis jumped in frightened, trembled for his life, ordered to cut off the head of Cleandra Zloda, to put her on a spear and show the people (189). The crowd went away with the cries of joy.

Commod - Gladiator

The son of Mark Aurelius would be easy to keep the love of the raised Roman people for her, if he did not violate all the rules of decentity. Emperor Commoda would not damage the displeasure of the senators: the crowd admired the games and holidays that he gave a lot to her, enjoying them. But in his board there was nothing that than at least some hollows would be hollowed by his privacy. The Son of the Sovereign, who has entered the knowledge and wisdom above all, the Commod of Childhood showed a disgust for mental classes to all noble. The emperor loved only entertainment coarse mobile: Circus Games, Gladiatorovsky Fight, Fight Wild Beasts. Father invited the best teachers to Rome for him; Their lessons were boring, disgusting to him. Commoda found itself other mentors - Maur and Parfyanin, who, who diligently studied to shoot from Luke and throw a dart, and reached extraordinary skill in these arts. Showing this skill to the people was the greatest pleasure. When the commodo became the emperor, he began to give magnificent games in the gladiator's circus and in amphitheaters, which were in Nerone and Domitian; Their enraged for mobiles increased by the fact that the Emperor himself was the main fighter in the arena.

At first, the Commod showed his art only selected viewers on the arenas of its palaces and villas; But the praise of flattering courtists spoke to him, he forgot his dignity, every shame and became a hero on public arons. Of all the lands, from India, Parphy, from the deserts of Arabia, Ethiopia were with the enormous costs of bringing the zirks of the circuses in foreign animals, including those who have not yet had Rome, and the wonderful shooter Emperor killed them on solemn gladiator spectacles. The lets called him Roman Hercules. This name was so liked by a vain fool Commodow that he ordered to portray himself on coins with Hercules attributes. On the sides of the throne, it was Bulava and lay a lion's skin, he himself in solemn cases was thrown on the embroidered Golden Porphyra lion's skin and with the Mercles Mcules.

Commodality statue in the image of Hercules. OK. 191-192

But in his imitation of this hero, the emperor Commod did not reach his life of danger when killing predatory animals: they were released with hundreds from the zodans to the arena, they ran through the sand, and the Roman Hercules stood behind a strong lattice in full safety; The taught arrows, the edge of which had the shape of the crescent, was hit Lviv, tigers, elephants, panther, giraffe, cut the long neck of ostrich, and the victims of his art could not bother to the hero-gladiator. When fencing with gladiators, the commodity had a helmet, shield and sword, - as it was called y Romans, gladiator-Suster, and his opponent had only a trident and a grid, thrown on the rope, like Arkana.

It is said that the commodo won in such a gladiator's wont 736 times. The Senate was to be present under the Emperor's exploits; Only Pompeyan, her husband of the sister of Emperor Lucillla, dare not to go here. The glorious victories of the emperor-gladiator was recorded in state documents, and the commodity came out in her shame that he took a huge remuneration for his gladiator works, to pay a new tax. In general, he was ingenious in the mining of money on his motorcycle. Dion says that senators, including he himself, wives and children of the senators were to give the emperor on his birthday two gold coins, a member of government councils of other cities in five drachms.

This side of the lifestyle of Commoda is reflected in the famous film Ridley Scott "Gladiator" (2000). The image of the emperor-amateur of gladiatoric battles created in it the actor Joaquin Phoenix.

Image of the Emperor Commoda in the film Ridley Scott "Gladiator" (2000)

Lutions Elya Aelius Commod (Lat. Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus; August 31, 161, Lanuvium - December 31, 192, Rome) - Roman Emperor (Imperator Caesar Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus, from March 17, 180; at the beginning of the Board - Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus, until the fall of 180 - Lucius Aurelius Commodus Caesar, in 180-190 - Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus, since 191 - Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus Augustus), the last representative of the Antoninov dynasty, the son of Mark Aurelia and Faustina younger. Honorary titles: Caesar (Lat. Caesar) from October 12, 166, the German greatest (lat. Germanicus) from 172 years old, the Sarmatian greatest (Lat. Sarmaticus) since 175, father of Fatherland (Patriae) (since 177), pious (Lat. PIUS) Since 183, the British greatest (Lat. Britannicus) since 184, happy (Lat. Felix) Since 185, the Father of Senate (Pater Senat) since 187, invincible Roman Hercules (Lat. Hercules Romanus Invictus) Since 191. Consul (177, 179, 181, 183, 186, 190 and 192), 18-fold tribune (in 176 twice - November 27 and December 10, then annually December 10).

Named in honor of the companion of the Father, Lucia Vera Commoda. In 177, he was proclaimed by August and co-guide. After death, Mark Aureliya received the power inheritance and became the sole emperor.
In the harem of Commoda there were several hundred women and the same boys. According to contemporaries, he tried all the deposit methods. He is attributed to the rest of the feces in the exquisite dishes, wearing women's clothing and the game of a doctor with the preparation of living people.

Commoda adored to act as Gladiator (Slender), although the speech of free citizens on the Gladiator's Arena was considered dishonest (Lat. Infamia). Well knew this craft and owned a sword. At the same time, it did not hesitate to exhibit his talents for everyone to review. In the eyes of the people he himself fought in the arena and killed wild animals. Ordered to carefully fix all his performances. Check 735 battles.

Required his deification and took high-footer titles. It is believed that he was even going to burn the city as his colony. He was a fan of oriental cults. I wore an anubis god anubis on my head. Appeared in the robe of the priests of Isis. Participated in self-adept religious rituals.
In recent years, the Board began to identify himself with Hercules, demanding itself to call himself not a commodo, the son of Awayliya, but Hercules, son of Jupiter. At his request, the month of August began to call the Commod, September - Hercules, October - invincible, November - overcoming, December - Amazonian. In 190 he was renamed Rome to the city of Commoda. The Senate did not objection and satisfied all the most ridiculous requests of the emperor.

Booker Igor 04/11/2019 at 8:00

The Roman emperor with a name resembling a piece of furniture is well known for blockbuster "Gladiator". At the end of the Hollywood film, he dies in the circus arena from the hand of the main character. That's all the grains of historical truth - the emperor Commoda was not fond of the battles of gladiators and even died, strangled with his sparring partner. Only the murder of the emperor happened not in the eyes of the public, but in the shadow of Alkova. Let's compare prose of life and poetry art.

Contemporaries considered the commodity to be innocent and not unhappy, subject to the influence of their approximates. But he was the eldest son of the "philosopher on the throne", as the emperor Mark Aurelia called the descendants, who left his descendants of his reflections in the spirit of the philosophical school of the Stoikov. Lutions Aurelii received his name in honor of the companion of the Father, Lucia Vera Commoda. Just in case, the emphasis is put on the first syllable.

At the age of five (166), he was proclaimed Caesar, and when he was sixteen (in 177) - August. The son was a companion from his father to his death and after the death of the latter received the name Mark Azeri Commod. In 180, the Commoda becomes the sole ruler and the first thing issues "Decree on the World". He stops the war with the German tribes of Markomanov, Quad and Sarmatov, refusing to continue the seizure of new territories, successfully begun under his father, reaching such an agreement with them that it was even a displeased peace treaty.

Running Pretorius - a tent of the commander, the 20-year-old young man rushed to Rome, as the British historian Edward Gibbon believed, for pleasures. But returning from the banks of the Rhine to the Eternal City, the Commoda almost got a blow to the dagger. And from whom? From the gang of murderers, salted by his native sister Lucilloy! The conspirators were executed, Lucillus referred to Capri, where she soon came. Envious and colleagues, as at all times and from different nations, talked to people who are not involved in the coup. Many waited for the executioner.

Commoda refused not only from aggressive foreign policy held by his father, but also from the support of Mark Aureliya in the Roman senators. The sacred place is not empty, and pets and Pretorian prefects were taken. As if to reinforce the statement that "the power spoils, and the absolute power spoils absolutely", Commod decided to rename Rome to Commodian, in every way encouraged the spread of Middle Eastern cults and was not averse to establish an unlimited autocratic monarchy.

However, the death of the emperor was led by his mistress (most likely, not the only one) march. The freedman was joined to her (Libertus, Libertinus - discussed slave) Eccut and Pretorian Prefect Quinte Emily years. This far from the Holy Trinity accidentally requested that the commodity is ready to send them to the Pretzam Laram, they decided to warn such an unpleasant event for them. The ancient Roman mafia was supported by the senators. They declared Commoda by the enemy of the Fatherland and launched the process of destroying the last representative of the genus Antonins.

The pretext for the monstrous crime was the intention of Commoda on the day of celebrating his entry into the consular position to go to the gladiator's closure ceremony at the head of the procession of these despicable mortals. Alas, Commod adored the feats of the mythical hero of Hercules and seemed to love to turn around in the lion's skin and wear a closet, imitating this demigod. On the coins of Commoda, the inscriptions were minted, where Hercules was proclaimed by the founder of the former Rome - "Commodian colony" ( Hercules Romanus Augustus, Hercules Commodianus).

Athlete Narcissus (not to be confused with a "chocolate hare and affectionately"), with which Commod trained during the struggle, strangled the emperor. While the crowd crossed the statue of the commodity and destroyed the inscriptions with his name, the prefect of the years secretly betrayed the body of the Earth devoted to them.

The name of Caliguly became synonymous with debauchery and violence reigning at the courtyard of the emperor. However B. Roman Empire There were other, no less merciless, cruel and vicious rulers, which in the number of their "feats" could compete with Caligula. One of them was Lucius Ely Aubrelli Commod, famous for cunning, embers from the state treasury and love for entertainment. He was born on one day with Caligula, on August 31, but only one and a half century.

Mark Aurelius inherited his native son Commod (180-192), in 176, a designated co-program. The son was the exact opposite of his father. Loose, sluggish and frivolous, he only dreamed of how to finish the war and return to Rome. When Mark died, the commodity was only 19 years old. The war has lasted a few more months, but then the emperor concluded the world with markers and quads on conditions favorable for them (Commoda promised their leaders annual cash "gifts").

Returning to Rome in the same 180, the commodity with his head plunged into the metropolitan pleasures by providing management of state affairs to his pets: the head of Pretorians Motion and others. Contemporaries It seemed that the worst representatives of the House Yuliyev were resurrected in the person of the Commoda: Caligula and Nero. Commod adored sports and gladiatorous competitions, and not limited to the role of the viewer. Dressed in the lion's skin, with a closet in his hand, he played Hercules out of himself, beating the circus of defenseless people and animals in the arena. The empire was covered with the statues of Hercules-Commoda, and the priests board was established in Rome to serve the new God.

Already in 183, a conspiracy against the emperor was revealed, in which his wife Crispina and Sister Lucill took part. The response to the conspiracy was mass executions of the aristocracy. Having lost the support of the nobility, the commodity began to lead a demagogic policy, joining the soldiers and the Roman crowd. Increasing the salaries, all sorts of Prastorians, circus spectacles, distributions - these were the old tested funds of this policy. The result was the catastrophic drop in military discipline. In 185, the postponement had to issue with rebeling soldiers. His successor was the Cleander freedman, which gained the overall hatred with his extortion and violence. When in 189, a hungry riot broke out in Rome, a cowardly commodo issued a crowd of his favorite.

The inner position in the state was extremely tense. In Italy, the piles of robbers terrorized the natural population. In Gaul in 187, the former soldier Mantn organized a whole army of runaway slaves and deserters. With her, he devoured not only Gallia, but also Spain, attacking even on major cities. Motion Mattern went under the slogan of protection of all oppressed. Prisons were broken, and prisoners were produced to the will. In the end, Mantn, broken in Gaul, conceived a bold plan: disguised, he sneaked with his supporters to Rome, intending to kill the commod and seize the Supreme Power. But the plot was revealed due to treason. It caused new mass executions.

Commod continued his madness. It came to the point that the emperor began to publicly perform the gladiator and settled in the barracks. Then I could not even withstand courtier Camarilla. In 192, a new conspiracy arose under the leadership of the prefect of Pretoria Emilia Summia and with the participation of the lover of commodity of the margin. On January 1, 193, the emperor was going to join the position of the consul in the costume of Gladiator, but on the night before this solemn event, he was killed in the gladiator barracks.