The USE is one of the most burning topics in Russia. At the beginning of the emergence of this form of knowledge testing, there were many disputes: to enter or not to enter? Now this form of knowledge testing no longer frightens students, but the discussions around it still do not subside. The main question of the upcoming academic year: will the oral part be introduced to the Unified State Examination in the Russian language?

As you know, the Ministry of Education annually finalizes the exam KIMs of the unified state exams. Since in the 11th grade only Russian and mathematics are mandatory, special interest arises precisely around these subjects. So, let's see the changes in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language in 2018.

The exam in the Russian language consists of two parts: a part with short answers and an essay. According to the majority of teachers, as well as university teachers, school graduates often do not know how to correctly formulate their thoughts, find it difficult to freely reason and do not know how to argue their own position. This problem revealed the weaknesses of school education. Despite the fact that several years ago they removed test items and introduced the December essay, which fixes the admission or non-admission of students to take the state exam, this was not enough. Therefore, it was decided to introduce an oral answer.

So, according to experts, the oral part of the exam will allow students to learn:

• Formulate thoughts in literary language.
• Develop the ability of reasoning.
• Build argumentative communication skills.
• To expand school graduates' knowledge in the field of oratory.
• Be competitive in the professional field.

Actually, this is not new. For a long time, students have mastered the oral part in the OGE in English. It allows you to identify the ability of students to understand the text, highlight the main idea and formulate competent answers.

How will the oral exam take place?

In some regions, training exams in Russian have already been passed, where students took the oral part of the computer. Schoolchildren tested new tasks and noted one important drawback: the answers of other examinees make it difficult to concentrate. Officials promised that this would be fixed in the future, and children would be able to take a spoken Russian language exam in separate classrooms. How this is implemented in practice is still unknown.

How will it be in 2018?

In the Unified State Examination in the Russian language in 2018 there will be no oral part, in contrast to where schoolchildren in many regions of Russia in 2018 will still have to talk in the exam.

All the innovations in the USE 2018 were published on the official website of FIPI. In the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, the main change in the tasks of the first part is No. 20. Now this task is aimed at testing the knowledge of the lexical norms of the Russian language. Pupils need to correlate the sentence with the mistakes that were made there. Same way maximum primary score for completing all work increased from 57 to 58.

Experienced teachers are already advising 10th grade students to prepare for the oral part of the Russian language exam, because it will probably appear in 2019. What needs to be done?

• Read texts of various styles with expression.
• Learn to formulate the main idea of ​​the text.
• Argumentatively voice your position on the read text.
• Explain your own thoughts well.

Exam Demo

• Download demo: ege-2018-eng-demo.pdf
• Download archive with specification and code: ege-2018-rus-demo.zip

What do officials want?

The Minister of Education does not approve of drastic changes. Perhaps this is good. After all, the Unified State Exam is still stressful for graduates. According to statistics, many students do not aspire to get into universities just because of the frightening USE procedure. At the highest level, the introduction of an additional third compulsory subject for passing in the 11th grade is being discussed. Presumably this will be history. Officials believe that if the number of compulsory items for delivery is increased, then children will consider this a “common thing” and will no longer be afraid.

Will it benefit the students? Everyone will answer this question for himself. The students can only wish good luck in the exams.

Everyone knows that every year the exam is subject to changes. The main exam in the life of graduates is becoming more and more difficult. The number of budget places is decreasing, as well as the number of students who can boast of high scores. The publication of the draft USE 2018 brought many people into a state of shock, because graduates, in the hope of getting 80 points or more on the USE, acquired preparatory literature in order to start mastering the material in advance! However, these collections have ceased to be relevant.

Russian language

Previously, students of the senior class were engaged in solving 25 tasks on the main exam, but in 2018 their list was supplemented by the 26th. It deals with the topic of lexical norms, and is designed to test the student for the ability to find and correct a speech error in a sentence. The demo version of the task is an example with pleonasm, in which it is important to find an extra word in order to extract it. Students are encouraged not to use individual rules of the Russian language, but to learn to adhere to language norms.

Our experts can check your essay according to the USE criteria

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There is a steady trend towards the complication of the exam in this subject. The average score for it (68-69) is considered higher than for other subjects. It is not difficult to determine that graduates will have difficulties with a new task due to a shallow study of this topic. The old tasks were also corrected, namely: they were supplemented with hitherto unstudied terms, rules and words.

Literature

Large-scale changes also awaited the exam in literature. Until recently, essays for 8, 9, 15, 16 were rated at four points, but today for 8, 15 they will receive five points, and works for 9, 16 will be rated at ten. Thus, tasks are divided into difficulty levels (9, 16 are more difficult, unlike 8, 15). There was an increase in the maximum score to 15. One topic (the fourth in a row), 17 essays were added. This is a work of the latest literature! The criteria for evaluating essays have been changed: a graduate is threatened with the loss of an impressive amount of points for speech errors related to knowledge of the Russian language, which were not previously taken into account during the test. In connection with the increase in the bar, students will be required to carefully study any of the criteria in order to score the maximum score. The list of requirements has become longer, while studying outdated information is fraught with sad consequences for graduates.

Updated: 2018-01-17

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Chinese students take state exams ("gaokao") two days in a row: on the first day they take compulsory subjects (Chinese, mathematics and a foreign language), and on the second day they take elective subjects (either three subjects in social sciences or three subjects in natural sciences). ). The Chinese single exam system is often linked to the growing incidence of clinical depression and suicide among young people.

In South Korea, airplanes do not land on state exam days so that their noise does not distract students. In Brazil, the standardized exam is paid and is optional. In Germany, for admission to universities, applicants take several dozen preparatory courses and pass four exams.

What do we have? And we have the Unified State Examination, and, you see, this is not the worst option compared to some exams for foreign students. To successfully pass the unified state exam, it is enough to know the requirements and follow the changes in the current academic year. The methodologists of the USE preparation center "Five with a plus" tell you what you need to know about the USE 2018.

What remains the same

The year 2018 is passing calmly, under the sign of stability: the head of Rosobrnadzor Sergey Kravtsov said that the USE procedure has already been established, that everything is decided by knowledge, and no significant changes are expected.

The official exam schedule has been approved and, as before, will be held in three waves:

You can see the full schedule by subject. Applications for participation in the exam are submitted before February 1; for those who did not have time to apply, it is difficult to get the opportunity to pass the exam, but it is possible. But schoolchildren have nothing to worry about - the school took care of their timely registration.

As before, two subjects remain compulsory for school graduates - Russian language and mathematics (basic for the certificate, profile for entering the university). Demo versions of the USE 2018 are available. Remember that there will definitely not be tasks from the demos in the exam forms, but they will be similar. And to draw up a plan for preparing for exams, use the codifiers from FIPI - they provide a complete list of topics necessary for studying.

In the room where the exam takes place, you can take:

• medicines and nutrition (if necessary);

  teaching aids (in mathematics - a ruler; in physics - a ruler and a non-programmable calculator; in chemistry - a non-programmable calculator; in geography - a ruler, a protractor, a non-programmable calculator);

  USE participants with disabilities, children with disabilities and the disabled can take special technical equipment with them.

  It will be possible to check the results of the USE in 2018 using the official online service or on the State Services.

Of the compulsory subjects, the changes affected the Russian language, but mathematics did not present any surprises. Of the elective subjects, biology and history remained unchanged. In a foreign language, the changes are also insignificant and concern only the wording and evaluation criteria.

General changes

Exam materials for the USE 2018 will be printed directly in the classroom, and not sent to schools before exams. Exam forms and test materials will be black and white and one-sided. Exam participants need to fill out the forms only on one side - the reverse side will not be checked.

Russian language: plus speech literacy

One task was added for knowledge of lexical norms and the ability to recognize speech errors. Now there are 26 tasks. The wording has been clarified in some places: for example, in an essay, now you need to specifically formulate the position of the author. The maximum primary score for completing the entire job has been increased from 57 to 58.

Literature: plus one more topic

A fourth topic has been introduced for a mini-essay (according to the latest literature) in task No. 17. For tasks with a detailed answer No. 9 and 16, you can now get 10 points, and for No. 8 and 15 - 5 points. All of these tasks now take into account speech errors. The maximum score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 points.

Social Science: Plus Logic

In social science, the assessment system for task 28 has changed (answer plan). It is recommended to pay more attention to tasks on the logical relationship of concepts, since in task No. 29 (essay) one point was added for logic, the relationship of concepts. KIM as such has not changed, the evaluation criteria have changed. The maximum primary score for completing the entire job has been increased from 62 to 64.

Physics: plus astrophysics

There are more tasks in the first part - 24 instead of 23. The additional task of the first part tests the assimilation of the basic concepts of the elements of astrophysics. The correct completion of this task with the answer recorded in the form of a sequence of numbers is estimated at 2 primary points. Otherwise, the thematic affiliation of the tasks of the first and second parts and the system for evaluating tasks remain the same. The maximum primary score for completing the entire work has been increased from 50 to 52 points.

Chemistry: plus task

The total number of USE tasks in chemistry has increased to 35 by adding the sixth task to the second part. Tasks with a general context have been introduced: No. 30 and No. 31. Here, the assimilation of material on the topic "Redox Reactions" and "Ion Exchange Reactions" is checked. But the maximum primary score remained the same due to changes in the assessment scale - 60 points.

Computer Science: C++

In tasks 8, 11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, code examples are now written not in C, but in C ++.

For several years now, the prospect of dividing the Unified State Examination in the Russian language into two parts: written and oral, has been actively discussed. In recent years, the test format of the unified state exam has been changed more than once, trying to optimize the KIM and make the knowledge test as objective as possible.

What awaits 11-graders of the 2017-2018 academic year and what should everyone who plans to enter universities prepare for?

In 2017-2018, no special changes are expected in the KIMs of the written part of the Unified State Examination. All innovations made to the ticket structure in 2017 will remain relevant, namely:

• lack of test tasks with one answer option;
• division of work into two blocks: tasks with a short answer and an essay on a given topic;
• the minimum passing score is 36.

In connection with the introduction of speaking, the number of tasks in the written part and the structure of the calculation of primary points may change.

Why is the oral part necessary?

This question is asked not only by future graduates. Any changes in the structure of the exam have serious justifications. Thus, studies have shown that a large percentage of graduates from the regions do not speak their native language well enough. The reasons for this decline are:

1. insufficient level of teaching (not all subject teachers require children to give a detailed answer to the questions posed, analyze information and give their own assessments of certain events);
2. transition to written forms of knowledge control (many lyceums and colleges minimize oral surveys);
3. a decrease in the number of reading children (respectively, the lack of a certain base of literary speech among graduates).

At the same time, the ability to correctly express one's thoughts and possession of oratory skills today are mandatory in many professional areas, and a person planning to get a higher education is simply obliged to know his language at a high level.

Oral part at the Unified State Examination in the Russian language in 2018

Despite a lot of talk about the introduction of the oral part, in 2017 the USE in the Russian language was held in the format of a written exam. The Minister of Education and Science is not a supporter of spontaneous reforms, and therefore the introduction of innovations designed to increase the level of proficiency in the native language will be phased.

1. Introduction to the December summary.
2. Changes in the structure of tasks and the complete rejection of tests with a choice of one answer.
3. Separation of the exam into oral and written parts.

The first two stages have already been completed, and the third has been successfully tested in the Moscow region, Tatarstan and the Chechen Republic.

Whether 2017-2018 will be a significant year and whether a mandatory oral part will be introduced in the structure of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements will officially say. Information should appear in the second half of August or early September on the official website of FIPI.

USE schedule 2018 in Russian

Format of the oral exam

After the planned changes are approved, the USE in the Russian language will be divided into two days:

1. The written part, which will include a block of tasks with short and detailed answers, as well as an essay.
2. The oral part, the format of which will be in many respects similar to tests in foreign languages.

Many graduates are concerned not so much with the need to pass the oral block, but with the technical side of the issue. The students who took part in the trial exams, conducted as part of the methodology testing program, noted that the most inconvenient format is communication with a computer, since several people are talking in the office at the same time, which confuses many people and does not allow them to concentrate. Having taken the opinion of the examinees into account, the organizers promise that the oral part of the exam will be taken in separate booths. Whether the promise will be kept, time will tell.

To successfully pass the exam in spoken Russian, you will need:

Such variants of CIMs were discussed

Option number 1 of the oral part of the exam in the Russian language

In 15 minutes, the student will be asked to:

The oral part provides a detailed answer to all the assigned tasks.

Option number 2 of the oral part of the exam in the Russian language

Each participant is also given 15 minutes, during which the examiner will have to:

All answers must also be detailed.

Preparation for the oral part of the exam

Any teacher will say that the best preparation for the exam is to learn Russian well, but since 2018 is already very close, let's try to figure out how to quickly catch up.

Experienced teachers advise:

1. Remember theory. To do this, you can use any textbooks recommended for schools, or special publications for preparing for the exam.
2. Reinforce each block with practice. Workbook assignments are great, it's also good to find practice sites on the internet and of course process all available 2017 tickets as well as 2018 trials.
3. This year it is not enough just to know the rule, you must be able to explain and justify the choice.
4. Read aloud texts of different styles and train not only reading speed, but also expressiveness.
5. Practice retelling texts.

Of course. It is quite difficult to prepare without outside help for the oral part, because without a certain level of knowledge in oratory, many simply do not notice their mistakes. If the option with a tutor is not possible in any way, get ready in pairs. So you can practice the dialogue and point out to each other mistakes that are obvious only from the outside.

We invite you to listen to what experts said about this in the 2016-2017 academic year about the introduction of speaking as a mandatory block of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language:

Almost all the planned changes in the USE in 2018 are of an unprincipled nature. The developers of the Unified State Examination this year have shown conservatism and cardinal changes should not be expected.

When comparing changes in the USE in different subjects in 2018, we can distinguish:

• entering a new task;
• improvement of instructions for completing tasks;
• adjustment of task formulations;
• clarification and revision of evaluation criteria.

What changes are being introduced to the Unified State Examination in the Russian language in 2018?

This is the first change we've seen since the drastic job cuts in 2015. Fundamentally, this innovation does not change the structure, tasks, content and form of the exam. Task number 20 is introduced - this means that the number of tasks becomes not 25, but 26. At the same time, the total amount of primary points increases from 57 to 58.

If we pay attention to the “Demo version” of the Unified State Examination 2018, we will find there a task according to lexical norms. Such a task was already in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language even when the Unified State Examination was just conceived and introduced experimentally in 2000, so there is nothing new in it.

New task

Changes in the exam in literature in 2018.

All last year, at the suggestion of the new Minister of Education, Olga Vasilyeva, there was a discussion about the Unified State Examination in Literature. Proposals have been made to make this examination exceptionally creative. However, experts have faced many problems - how to accurately evaluate creativity. It is very difficult. Even a new USE model in literature was published, 2 articles were published in the FIPI journal about changes in the USE, but we decided not to introduce a new model this year. But, what pleases, they changed the criteria for evaluating written works. Now they will evaluate much better, subjective and controversial formulations are excluded - “justification for choosing a work for comparison”, “depth of disclosure of the topic”, etc. At the same time, after improving the system of criteria, the initial score increased from 42 to 57.

"Razballovka" 2017

"Razballovka" 2018

If we compare the "Points", it can be noted that in 2017 the ratio of points of basic tasks to tasks of increased complexity and high complexity was almost equal to 29 x 38 x 33.

But in 2018, there is a sharp bias towards tasks of increased complexity - 21 x 53 x 26. This means that more than half of the points will provide 4 tasks. The value of basic tasks has decreased and the value of the main large essay has decreased.