Higher military educational establishments implement basic professional educational programs - educational programs of higher education (specialty programs, master's programs, postgraduate programs and residency programs) and educational programs of secondary vocational education(training programs for middle-level specialists) in areas and specialties of training established by the Ministry of Education and Science Russian Federation.

The training of officers in higher military educational institutions is organized according to military specialties, the lists of which are determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation without paid basis... Higher military educational institutions conduct training according to specialty programs with a training period of at least 5 years.

What are the advantages of studying at a higher military educational institution over studying at a federal state educational institution of higher education?

Training in military schools and federal state educational institutions higher education is implemented in a single legal field, but at the same time, education in military educational institutions has its own characteristics.

These features are due to the fact that training in military educational institutions is aimed not only at meeting the educational needs of citizens, but also in training personnel in the interests of the defense and security of the state.

In this regard, a thorough, multi-stage selection of candidates is carried out for admission to military educational institutions.

• At the same time, the Russian Ministry of Defense guarantees compulsory employment of graduates, since training in military educational institutions is initially organized for specific "jobs" - military positions.
• Cadets of military educational institutions are on full material and social support in accordance with the standards provided for servicemen of the corresponding category - accommodation, meals, uniforms, pay, etc.
• Cadets of higher military educational institutions are provided for obtaining a driver's license on the basis of qualification requirements for military professional training of graduates.
• Persons who have completed training in basic vocational educational programs and passed the state final certification are issued a diploma confirming the receipt of vocational education of the appropriate level and qualifications in the specialty or field of study.
• Graduates of higher military educational institutions become highly qualified specialists within the framework of their military specialty, subsequently, after being dismissed from the ranks of the Armed Forces, they are in demand in various government bodies, in other spheres of life and activities of the state within the framework of the received civilian specialty.
• In accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation", a cadet can receive a second higher education with the permission of the immediate supervisor, subject to the successful development of the basic educational program.

Features of military service while studying at a higher military educational institution

Training in a military educational institution takes place cadets.

A cadet is a citizen in military service, admitted to military school, future officer.

The main responsibility of the cadets is to master the relevant specialty and prepare for the fulfillment of duties in the personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation after graduation from a military educational institution. Each student is required to be successful, disciplined and exemplary in the course of educational activities.

A cadet is a position of students in a military educational institution. By military rank, a cadet can be:

• private,
• corporal,
• sergeant
• foreman.

Cadets do military service in accordance with the requirements of the federal laws "On military duty and military service" and "On the status of military personnel", Regulations on the procedure for military service, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1237 of September 16, 1999, general military regulations of the Armed Forces Of the Russian Federation and other legislative and regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

* Citizens who did not do military service, when enrolled in the military educational institutions professional education acquire the status of conscripted military personnel, and conclude a contract for military service upon reaching the age of 18, but not earlier than the completion of their first course of study in these educational institutions. Servicemen doing military service under a contract, when enrolling in military educational institutions of vocational education, conclude a new contract for military service.

Citizens who have completed military service under a contract, as well as those passing or having completed military service by conscription, when enrolling in these educational institutions, conclude a contract for military service before the start of training.

The first contract is concluded with a cadet of a higher military educational institution for the period of study at a military educational institution and 5 years of military service after graduation.

Grounds: Federal Law of March 28, 1998 No. 53-FZ "On conscription and military service".

Source: http://obrmos.ru/go/go_vys/Gos/Art/go_vys_gos_art_study.html

How to become an officer after a civilian university?

The profession of an officer in the Russian Federation is considered one of the most prestigious. She embodied such moral ideals as devotion to the Motherland, courage, courage, honor and responsibility.

Military events recent years testify to the high professionalism of career officers. They contributed to the fact that among young people, including those who graduated from civilian universities, interest in this craft increased.

Young people are increasingly wondering how to become an officer Russian army.

LIFE SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS. First acquaintance with the profession

The formation of interest in the military craft begins at school during the study of the subject "Life Safety". School program hours are provided to educate the younger generation in the spirit of high patriotism.

In the classroom, children get acquainted with the profession of defender of the Fatherland, with examples from life. Teachers draw students' attention to the importance and importance of the military for the country.

What are officers?

The army of any state provides for the presence of persons of the administrative-legal category.

These people are organizers and also direct executors of tasks for the defense and security of the country.

Before you can become an army officer and start performing your duties, you need to get the appropriate education and rank. The officer corps at all times was the backbone of the army.

Persistence, professionalism, dedication and devotion to the Fatherland of career officers kept the armed forces in constant combat readiness.

The formation of the correct moral principles among officers is carried out in special military educational institutions.

How is officer training going on today?

The Russian Federation has a sufficient number of military universities that train future officers. Each institution has the right to present its requirements to candidates. All the necessary information on how to become a military officer can be obtained from the commissariats. Having chosen the future profession of a military man, a young man can go to his intended goal in two ways.

This option is considered the most time consuming, as it can take a long period of time. The learning process is not easy. It takes place in the highest specialized military institutions. Before becoming an officer and receiving a rank, a young man must study for several years and successfully graduate from a military university.

This option is chosen by all future career officers. For those who are interested in how to become an officer of the Russian army and wish to undergo special training on the territory of the Russian Federation, there are 55 military universities: institutes, universities and academies that provide their graduates with more than 250 specialties.

The second way

Many future applicants are interested in how to become an officer after a civilian university. Is it possible?

An officer's rank can also be obtained in civilian life. This requires:

• choose a university with a military department;
• successfully complete it;
• go through field fees (they last 80 days).

Citizens who graduated from a civilian university with a military department before they reach the age of 24, after passing the preliminary selection and special training, receive an officer's rank. The work with graduates is carried out by the military registration and enlistment office at the place of registration.

Which is the best way?

Everyone who wants to become an officer is given the opportunity to choose one way or another. Military educational institutions are designed to help everyone who wants to learn how to become an officer of the Russian Federation, and in the future to fully connect their lives with the army.

In this case, the age of applicants is limited by the framework: from 16 to 27 years old. Upon admission, there is an informal requirement: it is desirable that the candidate has completed compulsory military service.

For persons under 18 years of age, the law provides for deferrals and academic leaves for the period of their service.

When choosing a civilian educational institution, the presence of a military department in it is of particular importance. Successful graduation from such a civilian university gives the graduate the opportunity to both become an officer in military service (receive the rank of lieutenant), and to go into the reserve and not tie his future with the army.

If desired, persons who graduated from civilian universities can be reinstated to serve as officers. To do this, you need to contact the local military registration and enlistment office with a statement about the desire to serve under a contract and undergo a medical examination.

For applicants who graduated from civilian universities without a military department, special command courses are provided, which allow them to quickly become an officer.

Upon graduation from a civilian university with a military department

After graduating from a civilian university, the graduate receives the rank of lieutenant. Often there is a recruitment of people from a civilian woman and with a higher education in the state protection. The title can also be awarded to persons with a good track record or proven successful employees. These steps are sometimes taken by management to reward the most conscientious subordinates.

Most graduates of civilian educational institutions, having a lieutenant rank, go into the reserve and are not called up for service. Those who are on urgent duty often receive sergeant positions in the army.

This is due to the lack of officer vacancies.

Those who have learned how to become an officer, have finally decided on their choice and decided to make a career in the military, it is recommended to start with specialized military educational institutions.

What about people who graduated from civilian universities without a military department?

Often the question is how to become Russian officer, interested in young people who graduated from a civilian university that does not have a military department. In this case, you should submit documents to a military university. For admission, the applicant must have good physical fitness, knowledge of specific subjects and the necessary socio-psychological qualities.

These three points are taken into account by the selection committee. For psychological examination, testing and interviews are provided, the results of which make it possible to draw conclusions about the psychological stability, reliability of applicants, as well as their ability to endure all the hardships of the service.

To check the general education of applicants, the USE is used.

Often young people wishing to learn how to become an officer after a civilian university consult with lawyers on this issue. Social networks in which they share their problem reveal it in all its various aspects:

• Is there a chance to get an officer's rank, after having served an urgent service, graduated from a civilian university and became a contract soldier? (Answer: upon completion of training in a civilian university and subsequent military training, by order of the Minister of Defense, a person is assigned an officer rank. If there was a military department in the educational institution, then the assignment does not depend on whether the applicant is an active military man or he is in reserve. sergeant is assigned by order of the regiment commander.)

• Is it possible, with a higher education diploma, to get the rank of an officer in the army? A will be a junior lieutenant. If you have a diploma of higher education, the first rank will be lieutenant. A conscript can only receive a sergeant rank - subject to his appointment to a sergeant position).

• What title is awarded after a civilian university? (Answer: after graduating from a university or institute with a military department, the newly minted young specialist becomes a reserve lieutenant. The same title is awarded upon graduation from a military school.

• Is it possible to obtain the rank of lieutenant after graduating from a civilian university without a military department? (Answer: in the absence of training on military department the rank of lieutenant is not awarded. It is necessary to undergo compulsory military service or enroll in a military university (up to 24 years old).

• Is it possible for a graduate of a civilian university (“storekeeper”) to receive the title of junior lieutenant? (Answer: a citizen who is in stock can receive the first and the next military rank not higher than 1st rank captain or colonel. Moreover, he must be assigned to a military unit. In the event of mobilization, he is called up to a position that provides an equal or higher military rank. This person must necessarily pass military training and pass the necessary tests).

• What specialty of a civilian university should a contract soldier enroll in in order to get more chances to continue a military career as an officer? (Answer: before reaching 24 years of age, you can enter a military university. At an older age, you can enter any civilian university, but only after completing 3 years of service. After graduation, in order to be awarded the rank of officer, the employee must be appointed to an officer's position.)

• Where is it better to serve a graduate of a civilian university in order to continue after the army military career? (Answer: to continue military service, the branch of the military, in which former student"Civilian" will do military service, does not play a special role).

• Is it possible, after signing the contract, to study in absentia to become an officer? (Answer: there is no correspondence military training in the Russian Federation. If you wish to become an officer, you can enter a military university. There, after the first year of study, a contract is signed for the entire period of study, as well as for 5 years of service upon completion).

• Is it possible to serve on a contract basis in the army and study in absentia at a civilian university? (Answer: this is possible. The law provides that contract servicemen, in addition to officers who serve continuously for at least three years, can study in higher and secondary institutions with state accreditation, as well as for preparatory courses federal universities at the expense of budget funds by forms of education: full-time, part-time or evening. They have the right to enter these institutions out of competition).

• Does the military registration and enlistment office have the right to refuse a graduate of a civilian university (received the specialty "manager, personnel management"), who has not served an "urgent", in his desire to sign a contract as an officer, arguing that there is no military position for his civilian specialty? (Answer: right. An officer young man will not take. Indeed, there are no managers in the army. He can be called up as a private or a sailor, and after completing military service (or during the period of passage), you can sign a contract. Since he has a higher education, he will need to pass the IHC, tests and pass physical standards).

• At this time, the man serves as a foreman (contract soldier). In the summer he finishes his studies at the university (special "finance and credit"). Can he claim a higher rank? (Answer: a soldier will be able to receive the rank of officer (in this case, lieutenant) only if he is appointed to an officer's position. This is possible without higher education. In the absence of such a position, he will not be able to receive the rank).

How to become a police officer?

Police officers can be persons from 18 to 35 years old. The gender of the candidate does not matter. The admissions committee assesses individual qualities and data obtained as a result of serious medical, psychological and professional examination. The officers of the police of the Russian Federation receive special education at the universities and academies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Individuals who graduated from a civilian university under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and have a law degree have a greater chance of becoming a police officer. This also applies to those who graduated from the police school (it accepts applicants from the ninth grade), a cadet corps or a college in the legal profession.

Applicants from other universities with diplomas of other specialties can also receive the rank of officer. To do this, the candidate must submit an application to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Then he will be sent to take an accelerated course, after which he is entitled to apply for a job in the police.

What documents are required?

• Personal passport (Russian and foreign).
• Diploma of education.
• Labor book.
• Application for a job.
• Completed application form.
• A written autobiography.

How to get the rank of FSB officer?

FSB defense activities national interests RF, differs from other law enforcement agencies in particular complexity and responsibility. In this case, very high requirements are imposed on applicants.

In the service of the state, intellectuals have found their application, for whom the army and the police are not considered the limit. The officers of the FSB are replenished with such people. You can become one of its members by completing a training course at the FSB Academy.

The graduation from this higher educational institution gives the graduate the opportunity to both become a state security officer and successfully make a career in any other law enforcement agency of the Russian Federation.

All the requirements for candidates who decide to link their lives with the army, police and other power structures are quite high.

The very work of an officer involves a lack of free time and often jeopardizes the health, and sometimes the life of the employee.

If you want to be not just an officer, but to advance and occupy high ranks, daily shifts, urgent calls and other difficulties of service will not be a burden. Good result and success can come from loving your job.

It is considered one of the most prestigious. She embodied such moral ideals as devotion to the Motherland, courage, courage, honor and responsibility. The military events of recent years testify to the high professionalism of career officers. They contributed to the fact that among young people, including those who graduated from civilian universities, interest in this craft increased. Young people are increasingly wondering how to become an officer in the Russian army.

LIFE SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS. First acquaintance with the profession

The formation of interest in the military craft begins at school during the study of the subject "Life Safety". The school program provides hours for educating the younger generation in the spirit of high patriotism.

In the classroom, children get acquainted with the profession of defender of the Fatherland, with examples from life. Teachers draw students' attention to the importance and importance of the military for the country.

What are officers?

The army of any state provides for the presence of persons of the administrative-legal category. These people are organizers and also direct executors of tasks for the defense and security of the country. Before you can become an army officer and start performing your duties, you need to get an appropriate education and rank. The officer corps at all times was the backbone of the army.

Persistence, professionalism, dedication and devotion to the Fatherland of career officers kept the armed forces in constant combat readiness.

The formation of the correct moral principles among officers is carried out in special military educational institutions.

How is officer training going on today?

The Russian Federation has a sufficient number of military universities that train future officers. Each institution has the right to present its requirements to candidates. All the necessary information on how to become a military officer can be obtained from the commissariats. Having chosen the future profession of a military man, a young man can go to his intended goal in two ways.

The first way

This option is considered the most time consuming, as it can take a long period of time. The learning process is not easy. It takes place in the highest specialized military institutions. Before becoming an officer and receiving a rank, a young man must study for several years and successfully graduate from a military university.

This option is chosen by all future career officers. For those who are interested in how to become an officer of the Russian army and wish to undergo special training on the territory of the Russian Federation, there are 55 military universities: institutes, universities and academies that provide their graduates with more than 250 specialties.

The second way

Many future applicants are interested in how to become an officer after a civilian university. Is it possible?

An officer's rank can also be obtained in civilian life. This requires:

• choose a university with a military department;
• successfully complete it;
• go through field fees (they last 80 days).

Citizens who graduated from a civilian university with a military department before they reach the age of 24, after passing the preliminary selection and special training, receive an officer's rank. The work with graduates is carried out by the military registration and enlistment office at the place of registration.

Which is the best way?

Everyone who wants to become an officer is given the opportunity to choose one way or another. Military educational institutions are designed to help everyone who wants to learn how to become an officer of the Russian Federation, and in the future to fully connect their lives with the army. In this case, the age of applicants is limited by the framework: from 16 to 27 years old. Upon admission, there is an informal requirement: it is desirable that the candidate has completed compulsory military service. For persons under 18 years of age, the law provides for deferrals and academic leaves for the period of their service.

When choosing a civilian educational institution, the presence of a military department in it is of particular importance. Successful graduation from such a civilian university gives the graduate the opportunity to both become an officer in military service (receive the rank of lieutenant), and to go into the reserve and not tie his future with the army. If desired, persons who graduated from civilian universities can be reinstated to serve as officers. To do this, you need to contact the local military registration and enlistment office with a statement of the desire to serve under a contract and undergo a medical examination. For applicants who graduated from civilian universities without a military department, special command courses are provided that allow them to quickly become an officer.

Upon graduation from a civilian university with a military department

After graduating from a civilian university, a graduate is often recruited from a civilian and higher education to the state security. The title can also be awarded to persons with a good track record or proven successful employees. These steps are sometimes taken by management to reward the most conscientious subordinates.

Most graduates of civilian educational institutions, having a lieutenant rank, go into the reserve and are not called up for service. Those who are on urgent duty often receive sergeant positions in the army. This is due to the lack of officer vacancies. Those who have learned how to become an officer, have finally decided on their choice and decided to make a career in the military, it is recommended to start with specialized military educational institutions.

What about people who graduated from civilian universities without a military department?

Often the question of how to become a Russian officer is of interest to young people who have graduated from a civilian university that does not have a military department. In this case, you should submit documents to a military university. For admission, the applicant must have good physical fitness, knowledge of specific subjects and the necessary socio-psychological qualities. These three points are taken into account by the selection committee. For psychological examination, testing and interviews are provided, the results of which make it possible to draw conclusions about the psychological stability, reliability of applicants, as well as their ability to endure all the hardships of the service. To check the general education of applicants, the Unified State Exam is used.

Nuances

Often young people wishing to learn how to become an officer after a civilian university consult with lawyers on this issue. Social networks in which they share their problem reveal it in all its various aspects:

• Is there a chance to get an officer's rank, after having served an urgent service, graduated from a civilian university and became a contract soldier? (Answer: upon completion of training in a civilian university and subsequent military training, by order of the Minister of Defense, a person is assigned an officer rank. If there was a military department in the educational institution, then the assignment does not depend on whether the applicant is an active military man or he is in reserve. sergeant is assigned by order of the regiment commander.)

• Is it possible, with a higher education diploma, to get the rank of an officer in the army? A will be a junior lieutenant. If you have a diploma of higher education, the first rank will be lieutenant. A conscript can only receive a sergeant rank - subject to his appointment to a sergeant position).

• What title is awarded after a civilian university? (Answer: after graduating from a university or institute with a military department, the newly minted young specialist becomes a reserve lieutenant. The same title is awarded upon graduation from a military school.

• Is it possible to obtain the rank of lieutenant after graduating from a civilian university without a military department? (Answer: in the absence of training at the military department, the rank of lieutenant is not awarded. It is necessary to undergo military service or enter a military university (up to 24 years old).

• Is it possible for a graduate of a civilian university ("storekeeper") to receive the rank of junior lieutenant after passing? (Answer: a citizen who is in reserve can receive the first and next military rank no higher than captain of the 1st rank or colonel. In this case, he must be assigned to a military unit. military rank. This person must necessarily pass and pass the necessary tests).

• What specialty of a civilian university should a contract soldier enroll in in order to get more chances to continue a military career as an officer? (Answer: before reaching 24 years of age, you can enter a military university. At an older age, you can enter any civilian university, but only after completing 3 years of service. After graduation, in order to be awarded the rank of officer, the employee must be appointed to an officer's position.)

• Where is it better to serve a graduate of a civilian university in order to continue a military career after the army? (Answer: for the continuation of military service, the branch of the military in which the former student of "civilian" will do military service does not play a special role).

• Is it possible, after signing the contract, to study in absentia to become an officer? (Answer: there is no correspondence military training in the Russian Federation. If you wish to become an officer, you can enter a military university. There, after the first year of study, a contract is signed for the entire period of study, as well as for 5 years of service upon completion).

• Is it possible to serve on a contract basis in the army and study in absentia at a civilian university? (Answer: this is possible. The law stipulates that contract servicemen, in addition to officers who continuously serve for at least three years, can study in higher and secondary institutions with state accreditation, as well as at preparatory courses at federal universities at the expense of budgetary funds for the forms of training : full-time, part-time or evening. They have the right to enter the specified institutions out of competition).

• Does the military enlistment office have the right to refuse a graduate of a civilian university (received the specialty "manager, personnel management"), who has not served an "urgent", in his desire to sign a contract as an officer, arguing that there is no military position for his civilian specialty? (Answer: he has the right. A young man will not be hired as an officer. In the army, indeed, there are no managers. pass IHC, tests and pass physical standards).

• At this time, the man serves as a foreman (contract soldier). In the summer he finishes his studies at the university (special "finance and credit"). Can he claim a higher rank? (Answer: a soldier will be able to receive the rank of officer (in this case, lieutenant) only if he is appointed to an officer's position. This is possible without higher education. In the absence of such a position, he will not be able to receive the rank).

How to become a police officer?

Police officers can be persons from 18 to 35 years old. The gender of the candidate does not matter. The admissions committee assesses individual qualities and data obtained as a result of serious medical, psychological and professional examination. The officers of the police of the Russian Federation receive special education at the universities and academies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Individuals who graduated from a civilian university under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and have a law degree have a greater chance of becoming a police officer. This also applies to those who graduated (it accepts applicants from the ninth grade), a cadet corps or college in a legal specialty.

Applicants from other universities with diplomas of other specialties can also receive the rank of officer. To do this, the candidate must submit an application to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Then he will be sent to take an accelerated course, after which he is entitled to apply for a job in the police.

What documents are required?

• Personal passport (Russian and foreign).
• Diploma of education.
• Labor book.
• Application for a job.
• Completed application form.
• A written autobiography.

How to get the rank of FSB officer?

The activities of the FSB, which is engaged in the protection of the national interests of the Russian Federation, differ from other law enforcement agencies in particular complexity and responsibility. In this case, very high requirements are imposed on applicants.

In the service of the state, intellectuals have found their application, for whom the army and the police are not considered the limit. The officers of the FSB are replenished with such people. You can become one of its members by completing a training course at the FSB Academy.

The graduation from this higher educational institution gives the graduate the opportunity to both become a state security officer and successfully make a career in any other law enforcement agency of the Russian Federation.

All the requirements for candidates who decide to link their lives with the army, police and other power structures are quite high. The very work of an officer involves a lack of free time and often jeopardizes the health, and sometimes the life of the employee. If you want to be not just an officer, but to advance and occupy high ranks, daily shifts, urgent calls and other difficulties of service will not be a burden. Good results and success can come with love for your work.

The right to education is one of the fundamental rights of citizens of Russia (Article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). The peculiarities of the implementation of this constitutional right by such a specific category of citizens as military personnel are defined in Art. 19 of the Federal Law "On the Status of Servicemen" of May 27, 1998 N 76-FZ, which provides for the following methods of their education:
a) training in military professional educational organizations, military educational institutions of higher education, other organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive bodies, in which military service is provided for by federal law;
b) preparation and defense in the prescribed manner of dissertations for competition academic degree(this right is only available to military personnel performing military service under a contract);
c) training in civil professional educational organizations or civil educational institutions of higher education and at preparatory departments of such educational institutions of higher education with mastering educational programs part-time or correspondence form training (only military personnel undergoing military service under contract have this right);

d) undergoing professional retraining in one of the civilian specialties without charging them a tuition fee (this right is granted to civilian military personnel doing military service under a contract, the total duration of military service of which is five years or more (not counting the time of training in military professional educational organizations and military educational institutions of higher education) in the year of dismissal from military service upon reaching age limit stay in military service, expiration of military service, health status or in connection with organizational and staff activities).
As follows from the content of paragraph 2 of Art. 19 of the Federal Law "On the Status of Servicemen", according to the content and scope of rights in the field of education in civilian educational organizations, servicemen doing military service under contract are divided into two large groups: 1) officers; 2) all other servicemen undergoing military service under the contract (soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, warrant officers, warrant officers).
According to paragraph 2 of Art. 19 of the Federal Law "On the Status of Servicemen", the legislator delegated to the Government of the Russian Federation the authority to establish the procedure for training servicemen doing military service under contract in civilian educational organizations. In order to exercise these powers, the Government of the Russian Federation issued two important regulatory legal acts that entered into force on November 15, 2014:
- The rules for the exercise of the right of those doing military service under a contract to study in civil professional educational organizations or civil educational institutions of higher education and at preparatory departments of such educational institutions of higher education with the development of educational programs in part-time or part-time form of study, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1156;
- Rules for the implementation of the right of military personnel doing military service under a contract (with the exception of), the continuous duration of military service under the contract is at least 3 years, to study in educational programs of secondary vocational education and higher education that have state accreditation, as well as at preparatory departments of federal state educational institutions of higher education at the expense of the federal budget with the development of educational programs for part-time or part-time education, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1155.
This publication is devoted to the consideration of these acts of the Government of the Russian Federation.

According to the Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1156, a document confirming the right to study leave and other social guarantees for passing entrance examinations upon admission for training and during the period of study in educational organizations, a call-out certificate is issued, which gives the right to provide guarantees and compensation to employees who combine work with education. The form of such a certificate was approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated December 19, 2013 N 1368.
The most significant type of guarantees for the realization by military personnel of the right to receive education in civilian educational organizations is study leave, the duration of which is differentiated depending on the type of educational organization and the course in which the soldier is trained (see the appendix to this article).
In addition to vacations, servicemen who combine military service with training in civilian educational organizations are provided with the following guarantees:
a) for monetary allowance * (1):
- while on study leave, provided for passing entrance examinations or for passing the final certification upon completion preparatory departments educational organizations, the serviceman is not paid a salary;
- when on study leave, provided during the period of study in a civilian educational organization for passing the intermediate and final certification, the serviceman is paid an average monthly monetary allowance;
b) to preserve the right to study in case of impossibility of arriving at an educational organization due to employment in the service:
- if the timely arrival of a serviceman for passing the intermediate or final certification is impossible due to his participation in exercises, cruises of ships and other events, the list of which is determined by the heads of federal executive bodies, in which military service is provided for by federal law, the educational organization is obliged to provide this serviceman with the opportunity passing certification at another time;
- in the case of sending a serviceman studying in an educational organization on a business trip for more than three months, including for participation in peacekeeping and counter-terrorism operations, he is granted academic leave in the prescribed manner on the basis of a personal statement and a certificate issued by the commander of the military unit, in which a soldier is doing military service.
A very important rule is contained in clause 3 of the Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1156: study leaves and other social guarantees are provided to officers upon receiving an education of the corresponding level for the first time, as well as to officers sent for training by the federal executive body , in which federal law provides for military service.
In order to correctly apply the act of the Government of the Russian Federation under consideration, it is necessary to understand what the concept of "education level" is, as well as how it is possible to determine the level of education available to an officer wishing to receive another education in a civil educational organization.
According to Art. 2 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ, the level of education is understood as a completed cycle of education, characterized by a certain unified set of requirements. In accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 10 of this legislative act in the Russian Federation, the following levels of professional education are established:
1) secondary vocational education;
2) higher education - bachelor's degree;
3) higher education - specialty, magistracy;
4) higher education - training the highest qualifications in graduate school and postgraduate studies.
Due to the fact that the overwhelming majority of those currently in military service already have a higher education, obtained in most cases in military educational organizations before the establishment of the current structure of vocational education * (2), when exercising their right to receive education in civilian educational institutions organizations can face serious problems in practice. Situations are not uncommon when commanders (chiefs) refuse to grant their subordinate officers guarantees (in particular, study leaves) related to training in civilian educational organizations, referring to the fact that they are not getting higher education for the first time.
In order to prevent such conflict situations should be guided by the provisions of Art. 108 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", which defines how the educational levels (educational qualifications) in force in the Russian Federation prior to the entry into force of this Federal Law are equated to the levels of education currently in force (see Table 1 ).

Table 1

table of correspondence educational levels(educational qualifications) valid until September 1, 2013, educational levels in effect from September 1, 2013

It should also be borne in mind that the above rules for the implementation of the right to study in civilian educational organizations should be applied in a systemic unity with the norm provided for in par. 5 p. 5 art. 19 of the Federal Law "On the Status of Servicemen", which is formulated as follows: "Training of citizens who graduated from military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education and do not have civil secondary vocational education or higher education, in civil professional educational organizations or educational institutions of higher education is not considered as their acquisition of a second or subsequent secondary vocational education or higher education. "
Based on the foregoing, the right to study in civilian educational organizations and to receive appropriate guarantees associated with such training, for clarity purposes, can be presented in the following form (see Table 2):

Duration of study leave granted to military personnel studying in civilian educational organizations *

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* (1) According to Clause 157 of the Procedure for providing monetary allowances to servicemen of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, approved by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2011 N 2700, when providing military personnel with study leaves, monetary allowances for the periods of these vacations of a set duration, increased by the time of travel to the location of the specified organization and vice versa, is paid in the manner prescribed by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation for employees who combine work with training (this procedure is established by Articles 173, 174 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

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Hello Alexey!

Yes, you can enter a military university already having a civil higher education, there are no restrictions in the law "On military duty and military service" in this regard.

Article 35. Admission of citizens to military professional educational organizations and military educational institutions of higher education. Conclusion of contracts on military service with citizens studying in military professional educational organizations and military educational institutions of higher education
[Law on Military Duty and Military Service] [Article 35]

1. Military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education have the right to enter:
citizens who did not do military service - between the ages of 16 and 22;

citizens who have completed military service and military personnel doing military service by conscription - until they reach the age of 24;
servicemen doing military service under a contract - in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

Citizens entering military professional educational organizations and military educational institutions of higher education must meet the requirements established for citizens entering military service under a contract.
Citizens enrolled in military professional educational organizations and military educational institutions of higher education are appointed to military positions of cadets, students or other military positions in the manner determined by this Federal Law, the Regulations on the Procedure for Military Service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. Citizens who have not completed military service, when enrolled in military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education, acquire the status of military personnel doing military service upon conscription, and conclude a contract for military service upon reaching the age of 18, but not earlier than graduation them the first course of study in the specified educational organizations.
Servicemen doing military service under a contract, when enrolling in military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education, conclude a new contract for military service.
Citizens who have completed military service under a contract, as well as those who are or have completed military service by conscription, when enrolling in these educational organizations, conclude a contract for military service before the start of training.
Servicemen who refuse to conclude a contract on military service in the manner prescribed by this Federal Law are subject to expulsion from military professional educational organizations and military educational institutions of higher education.
3. Servicemen doing military service by conscription, not enrolled in military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education, are sent for further military service in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Military universities traditionally stand apart from the ranks of higher educational institutions: special conditions for admission, strict discipline and subordination, a specific regime ...

The overwhelming majority of civilian universities in Russia are subordinate to the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, and the military are subordinate to the Ministry of Defense, which establishes and regulates rules and procedures for them. Additionally, all military universities are divided by type of military: universities missile forces, ground forces, air force etc.

If you have made the decision to enter a military university, be prepared for the fact that at all stages of the journey, from submitting documents to receiving the cherished "crust", you will have to communicate with people in uniform. Therefore, when collecting information about a military university, one should not be guided by general civil rules and guidelines. For example, the rules for admission to military universities practically do not take into account the innovations of recent years: while the majority of applicants "in civilian life" take entrance exams in the form of tests, applicants to military universities write dictations and tests in the old fashioned way. The same can be said about the Unified State Exam: being outside the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, military leaders have the right to consider the Regulation on holding a single state examination as information for thought, but not as a direct guide to action.

Universities with a wide profile

The set of specialties in which modern military universities are trained is quite extensive. The specialization of a higher educational institution mainly depends on the profile, or rather, on the type of troops to which the educational institution belongs. At the same time, many military universities duplicate civilian areas of training, and more and more often in their "assortment" there are familiar economic and legal specialties. Thus, the Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation trains sociologists, lawyers, managers of social and cultural activities, translators and specialists in social work.

Some of the specialties offered by the universities of the Ministry of Defense are multifunctional - graduates are equally in demand both in "military field conditions" and "in civilian life." First of all, this concerns the engineering and technical direction. For example, engineers of hoisting-and-transport, road, construction machinery and equipment, specialists in industrial and civil construction, in the design of highways, airfields, transport tunnels, etc., leave the walls of the Military Technical University of the Federal Service for Special Construction of the Russian Federation.

Finally, a certain part of the military professions lies in a highly specific field of application that has no analogues in peaceful life... For example, after graduating from the Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, you can become a specialist in the mathematical support of research on weapons, equipment and the use of civil protection forces.

Autograph for the military commissar

To apply to a military university, the applicant will have to go to the military registration and enlistment office (at the place of residence).

You must have with you:

• passport;
• a copy of the secondary education document (secondary students provide a certificate of current academic performance);
• three photographs (without a headdress, 4.5x6 cm in size);
• characteristics from the place of study or work;
• autobiography.

At the military registration and enlistment office, the applicant writes a statement asking for admission to the chosen university. All this must be done before April 20 of this year.

After the primary documents are handed over, it remains to undergo a medical examination, and yesterday's student becomes a candidate for study at a military university. Applications are considered admissions committee university, and the final decision on admission to exams (or refusal in it) is communicated to the candidates through the military registration and enlistment office until June 20.

The procedure for filing documents is somewhat different for those who are currently serving in the ranks of the Armed Forces: in this case, the applicant submits a report to his immediate commander by April 1 of this year, and he, having supplied the petition with all the necessary papers, passes it on through the instance ...

Another feature of admission to military universities is that there are rather strict age restrictions. Young people who have not served in the army can become cadets from 16 to 22 years old, with "experience" in the army service - up to 24 (age is determined at the time of application).

Fell - wrung out

Entrance tests to military universities are held from July 1 to July 20, and they also differ somewhat from the "civil" ones. To pass the competitive selection, knowledge of the Pythagorean theorem and the gimbal rule will not be enough.

The first stage is psychological and psychophysical examination of candidates. Then - checking physical fitness: pulling up on the crossbar (11 times - "excellent", 9 - "good", 7 - "satisfactory"), 100 meters, 3 km run. And finally, the actual exams in general education disciplines. They usually consist of mathematics (a major subject) and dictation in the Russian language. The third exam (physics, chemistry, history) depends on the profile of the chosen educational institution.

The average competition for military universities is 2.5-3 people per place. However, these figures (not too high for Moscow) speak, rather, not about the ease of admission, but about its specificity. On the one hand, wanting to receive military education really a little, on the other hand, not every civilian average training it is possible to pass all the "military tricks" associated with admission (questionnaire - check of psycho-emotional state - physical training - general education base).

The system of benefits provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation for applicants to higher educational institutions also applies to military universities: orphans, medalists, winners of Olympiads, etc. have various privileges. Disabled people are an exception from this list for obvious reasons.

I'd go to field marshal ...
Graduates leave the walls of the alma mater with the rank of lieutenant. All newly minted commanders are waiting for distribution: at least five years after graduating from a military university, yesterday's cadet must devote to the Fatherland. Further destiny the graduate will depend both on the type of troops and place of service, as well as on personal qualities and ambitions. It is enough to look at the political and managerial elite of our country to understand that graduates of military universities can make a brilliant career and achieve impressive success. For officers who want to achieve a high position, there are universities that provide a second military education, postgraduate studies, specialized institutes for advanced training, etc.

Cadet or student?

When all tests are passed, the candidate turns into a cadet. This status corresponds to the status of a student of a civilian university, but there are more differences than similarities between cadet and student. If with the beginning of student life, young people have the most cheerful and carefree time, then with the beginning of their studies at a military university, this very time ends. Order, schedule and chain of command become a fundamental element in the life of all future officers.

Cadets are removed from military registration (they are not subject to general conscription) and put on special registration - they are credited to active military service. For the first two years, they (regardless of the need for public housing) live in barracks and, in addition to training, perform duties that are traditionally included in the concept military service... From the third year, you can move to a hostel or live at home.

All types of allowances are written out for the cadet, he is given uniforms. Holidays last two weeks in winter and a month in summer. In fact, training in a military university is equated with military service.

Sergey Litvinov, graduate of a military university:

The absence of bullying is more than compensated for by strict discipline, exhausting physical exertion, and in the first and second years - by a variety of chores. Get ready to learn how to hold a jackhammer in your hands, lay asphalt, do all kinds of repairs to premises and furniture, in the fall - harvesting in the fields near Moscow, in the winter - endless clearing of roads from snow and many other useful things.

You will be taught how to shoot, operate military equipment, perform drill exercises and take care of military uniform... In parallel, you will need to learn military regulations and, of course, all disciplines of the specialty. You will have to do it in full force, often at night, since very serious disciplinary sanctions are imposed for poor progress.

Until recently, such a tight schedule was immutable for anyone who dreamed of studying at a military university. Today, along with the harsh tradition, there is a milder regime - for those who enter on a paid basis. (The first experiment on the recruitment of "paysites" was held at the Military University of the RF Ministry of Defense in 2003). Such cadets are relieved of the need to bear the hardships and hardships of military service: their life differs little from the life of ordinary civilian students.