How is service in the Russian army going, is there hazing? What do they do in the army? What a conscript needs to know - legal advice.

Rumors, stories, publications in the press, high-profile scandals - all this creates a colorful picture of how service in the Russian army goes. In the minds of some service in the ranks Russian army this is a "school of life", in the minds of others - the fear of physical pain, the situation of complete lack of rights and subordination to the will of sergeants and officers. Let's see how the military service goes in modern Russia: what are the advantages of serving in the army, what to take a conscript to the army and to the assembly point, what gives service in the army.

Boys are taught from childhood that when they reach adulthood, they will become soldiers. The initial image of a soldier-defender of the Motherland does not cause negativity in most kids, and most of them do not think becoming a soldier is scary. Only later, during adolescence and youth, does a negative image of military service begin to form. By the time the time comes for the first time to appear for a medical examination at the military registration and enlistment office and receive a draft certificate, the conscript no longer wonders how long the service in the army is, because he knows that for conscripted military personnel, the service life is 12 months and is calculated from the date of assignment military rank private. At the same time, the recruit begins to take an active interest in how the service in the army goes, the conditions of life in the army, the orders and traditions that prevail in the army environment.

When service in the army is getting closer, the stories of friends who have served about it occupy more and more attention of the conscript and make you seriously think about what the army is, what the conscript needs to know and whether he has enough strength to break away from his usual family life for a year. For some, this is a difficult life test, but for someone, long-term service in the Russian army does not scare - over time, they sign a contract and army life becomes a natural way of life for them.

In order for the memories of military service to remain good, an appropriate psychological attitude and good physical preparation are necessary.

The point is not even that military service implies high physical exertion, but that it provides for some violence against the person and a mandatory regime:
performing physical exercises at any time of the year, regardless of the weather;
minimum of household amenities;
change in sleep and rest;
change of climate and time zone;
transition to fairly monotonous food.

There is a simple answer to the question of how to prepare for military service - to learn to be as independent and collected as possible before the service, to get maximum self-service skills, to try to put your health and physical shape in order. All this will help to quickly and easily go through the adaptation period.

It has long been noted that young men who are accustomed to physical labor from childhood (village residents, representatives of working specialties) are easier to adapt to army service. The process of adaptation takes a little longer for conscripts who are physically weak. Military service is especially difficult after higher education due to the difference in age and sometimes the biased attitude of less educated colleagues towards the conscript with the "tower".

If desired, you can also get military specialty(VUS). Higher education training is especially popular among conscripts who want to get a driver's license and later serve in the army as a driver. Young men who have been trained in the specialties of drivers and who have passed exams by military examination commissions receive a certificate that is the basis for passing qualifying exams at the local traffic police and obtaining a driver's license.

The initial registration of conscripts for military registration is carried out from January 1 to March 31 in the year they reach the age of 17 years. During the same period, a preliminary selection of recruits for training in the Higher Educational System is also carried out.

So, the army is just around the corner - what does the conscript need to know, what should he take with him to the assembly point? Citizens in respect of whom a decision has been made to call for military service are given a summons to appear at the appointed time at the military registration and enlistment office for subsequent dispatch to the assembly point and then to the place of military service. On the day of sending conscripts to the assembly point, they are required to have with them:
- passport of a citizen of Russia;
- registration certificate (on the same day, the registration certificate is withdrawn, and a military ID is issued in return);
- driver's license and certificate of the presence of VUS (if any);
- shoes and clothes (according to the season).

Wives, mothers or grandmothers often take care of the collections for sending to the military unit, who seek to supply the conscript with a mass of unnecessary and useless things in army life: warm knitted socks, scarves, etc. The advice on what to take to the conscript in the army, received from fathers and grandfathers who served several decades ago and recommending taking more needles and threads or a weekly supply of stew with you - since then a lot of water has flowed under the bridge, the norms and procedures for providing for the defenders of the Fatherland have changed a lot.

At the assembly point, all conscripts are provided with food and clothing in accordance with established standards. At the same time, after receiving a military uniform, the conscript has the right to send his personal belongings home from the local branch of the Russian Post free of charge (clause 8, article 20 of the Federal Law “On the status of military personnel”).

Often, recruits at the military registration and enlistment office at the place of residence are given a memo that lists things that you can take with you to the assembly point:
- toiletries;
- products (bread, canned food, condensed milk, water in a plastic bottle).

You can also take some cash with you, as there is often a small shop on the territory of the collection point, where conscripts can buy basic necessities.

The same memo from the military registration and enlistment office usually indicates what is forbidden to take with you to the assembly point, in particular:
- piercing and cutting objects;
- alcoholic drinks;
- any medications, unless prescribed by a doctor.

Arrival at the military unit, the course of a young soldier (KMB)

At the assembly point, recruits can stay for several days while a “team” is being formed to be sent to a military unit. Immediately upon arrival at the unit, recruits are taken to the bathhouse and uniformed. Usually, the foreman's eyes are so swept up that he accurately determines the size and size of the issued form. But feel free to immediately ask to change any element of the form in size if it does not suit you. Tight shoes and headgear are the main cause of injury among recruits.

Military service in the army is not so terrible - the reviews of those who served about the KMB are unambiguous: the first month is the time before taking the oath, this is a period of gradual adaptation to the service, obtaining the basic skills of an army hostel, studying military regulations, the basics of drill training and getting used to physical activity. There is an unspoken rule of "young" during KMB not to touch. This is overseen by petty officers and sergeants, who are entrusted with command and initial training of recruits. All of them are from the "old-timers", physically the most prepared and enjoying authority.

During the passage of the KMB, a soldier has two dreams: to eat and sleep. Gradually, the body adapts to the new regimen, regular nutrition and physical activity. After taking the oath, the division into units takes place, and in fact, the service itself begins with this.

Military service and relationships with colleagues

Sociability and fortitude are of great importance in the army. Ability to build relationships with peers and get out of conflict situations- probably the main thing that gives service in the army. For several months of conscription service, enough cohesive teams do not have time to form, the difference in service life is negligible - this made it possible to almost completely eradicate hazing in the modern army. For a year of service, the “old-timers” themselves do not have time to “smell the gunpowder” and their stories about serving in the army, about “spirits”, “elephants”, “scoops” and “grandfathers” are nothing more than kitsch and army folklore.

For violation of the statutory rules of relations between military personnel, associated with the humiliation of honor and dignity, violence or mockery, the perpetrators are subject to disciplinary and even criminal liability (Articles 286, 335, 336 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

It cannot be said that military service is so terrible - the reviews of those who served indicate that it is easiest to join the army team, showing intelligence or skills that are interesting and useful to colleagues. For example, the ability to play the guitar and the knowledge of a dozen or two army songs is almost a guarantee that such a guy will become the "soul of the company."

Service in the army, reviews of which are generally positive, is not difficult for most recruits. Moreover, now the term of service in the Russian army has been reduced to 12 months, and living conditions are much better than even 10-15 years ago. After serving in the army young man more likely to find a decent job, because the employer will not be afraid that tomorrow his employee will be drafted into the army. For those who served in the army, the doors of most law enforcement agencies are open, they will be gladly hired and employed in the security service or private security companies.

The advantages of military service can be listed for a long time, but do not forget that military service is, first of all, the fulfillment by citizens of the Russian Federation of the constitutional duty and obligation to protect the Fatherland, and for evading conscription for military service, the draft dodger faces imprisonment for up to 2 years (part 1 of article 328 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

A detailed photo report about the path that each conscript goes through - from the military registration and enlistment office to distribution. Oh, mom, I'm going to the army.

Leningrad Regional Military Commissariat, also known as the Leningrad Regional Assembly Point on the embankment of the river. Fontanka-90. Conscripts come here from all districts of the region, from the district departments of the military registration and enlistment office before being sent to the army.

Almost all employees of the military registration and enlistment office now civilian people. They are engaged in professional psychological selection and documentary training of conscripts before sending them to a military unit. Here, for each conscript, an order is given for a certain type of troops.

In total, during the spring draft, the Leningrad region must provide 3,500 recruits to the armed forces. Of these, at least 15% must be with higher education.

All conscripts sent to the unit undergo mandatory medical examinations. inspection. There is an opinion that the inspection is a formality. In fact, on it from the A-1 fitness category they can be transferred to A-2 and the conscript will no longer be sent to the landing force, but they will easily be taken to the infantry. It happens that the commission doubts the suitability of the conscript and sends him for additional examination. The probability of this is 0.2%.

All doctors in the medical commission are civilians. Half of them are permanently in the state, half are attracted from local medical institutions at the time of the call.

As a rule, the conscript arrives at the assembly point and departs to the unit during the day. But some stay on it up to 3 days. For example, when sending to distant regions is formed. Therefore, all conditions for life are created at the assembly point.

Military registration and enlistment offices try to send to serve at the place of residence. But, since the Western Military District is the most densely populated, and military units are scattered throughout the country, those who have good reasons for this (single mother, pregnant wife, etc.) remain to serve their region in the first place.

A buyer comes from each military unit for conscripts.

The buyer looks at the contingent provided to him by the military registration and enlistment office, conducts a psychological conversation with him and, in case of an unsatisfactory result, may ask to replace the conscript.

By tradition, over the past few years, all conscripts receive military uniform in the military office.

There is a lot of controversy about the merits and demerits of the new form. As I was told, those who are dissatisfied with the new uniform simply do not know how to wear it.

The conscript's civilian clothes are not thrown away. It can be sent home at the expense of the Department of Defense.

From the military enlistment office we go to the military unit in Sertolovo (Leningrad region).

There is a training unit in Sertolovo, where young soldiers will receive military specialties for 3 months, so that later they can continue serving in other units.

In terms of recruits, the commander immediately meets and checks personal belongings.

For hygiene purposes, socks are replaced with footcloths. Winter items of ammunition are deposited.

Under the guidance of sergeants, recruits fill out medical books and write their first letters home. In general, writing letters home is a regular obligatory business, because. some soldiers forget about it, and at home they worry.

According to the old army tradition, the conditionally old-timer passes on army experience to the young replenishment.

While the conscripts are getting acquainted with army life, the commanders decide who to teach for what specialty. Someone on the tank driver, someone on the sniper. It depends on many factors - civilian specialty, education, psychological predisposition, etc.

This is what the first day of a conscript in the army looks like.

Definition of the type of troops
The type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies is determined on the basis of a study of citizens who are not in the reserve. They study all citizens liable for military service for conscription and rational distribution of them by types, branches of the Armed Forces, other troops, military formations and bodies (paragraph 22 of the Instruction, approved by Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation dated 02.10.2007 N 400).

The study of citizens who are not in the reserve is carried out in two stages (clause 25 of the Instruction).
The first stage is the study of all citizens who, according to the results of the initial registration for military registration, are fit for military service or fit for military service with minor restrictions. The study is carried out from the moment of initial military registration until the moment when citizens reach the age of 18 years.
The second stage is the study of citizens who, according to the results of the first stage of the study, are subject to conscription for military service and do not have the right to exemption from execution military service and conscription for military service, for a deferment from conscription for military service. This stage is carried out during the preparation and conduct of activities related to their conscription for military service (after citizens reach the age of 18 years).

Citizens are studied by accumulating and systematizing information about their state of health and physical development, psychological and moral qualities, education, vocational training, marital status.

In the course of the study, documents containing information about a citizen are analyzed, including those received from organizations where he works (studies), from medical institutions, internal affairs bodies, inquiry bodies, preliminary investigation bodies and federal courts, civil registry offices, public organizations that train citizens for military service, from organizations that operate residential premises, and educational institutions that train citizens in military specialties.

Individual conversations are also held with a citizen, his parents (other legal representatives), teachers educational institution in which he works or studies (clause 24 of the Instruction).
In addition, when studying citizens, the training they received in military-patriotic youth and children's associations is also taken into account (clause 2, article 14, article 15 of the Law of March 28, 1998 N 53-FZ).
The military commissar, based on the results of the first stage of studying citizens, preliminarily determines the type of troops where a citizen can be sent for military service by conscription (clause 14 of the Instruction).
Based on the results of the second stage, the military commissar draws up a sheet for studying the conscript, in which a conclusion is made on his preliminary appointment to a certain branch of the Armed Forces (clauses 27, 28 of the Instruction).
During conscription for military service, citizens are subjected to professional psychological selection (testing). Based on the assessment of psychological qualities and taking into account the education and professional readiness of recruits, a specialist in professional psychological selection (an employee of the military commissariat department) makes a conclusion on the advisability of distributing them according to the arms of the Armed Forces (paragraph 37 of the Instruction).
When making a decision on conscription, the conscription commission reasonably determines the type of troops of the Armed Forces where the citizen will be sent for military service (paragraph 51 of the Instruction).

Determination of the place of military service

The specific place of military service is determined at the city assembly point by the draft commission of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation when sending a citizen to the Armed Forces.

Conscripts with children, as well as sick and elderly parents (women - over 55 years old, men - over 60 years old), but who do not have the right to deferment from conscription for military service, if possible, are sent for military service to the military units of the Armed Forces , other troops, military formations and bodies stationed near their place of residence, within the established norms for conscripting citizens into military service for the relevant municipalities. At the same time, a citizen must submit documents confirming these circumstances to the draft commission (clause 38 of the Instruction).
Citizens have no other grounds for choosing a place of military service.

Prepared on the basis of the material
lawyer Trignina V.G.,
Moscow Bar Association
"Military Bar Association"

12442

A detailed photo report about the path that each conscript goes through - from the military registration and enlistment office to distribution. Oh, mom, I'm going to the army.
Leningrad Regional Military Commissariat, also known as the Leningrad Regional Assembly Point on the embankment of the river. Fontanka-90. Conscripts come here from all districts of the region, from the district departments of the military registration and enlistment office before being sent to the army.

Almost all employees of the military commissariat are now civilians. They are engaged in professional psychological selection and documentary training of conscripts before sending them to a military unit. Here, for each conscript, an order is given for a certain type of troops.

In total, during the spring draft, the Leningrad region must provide 3,500 recruits to the armed forces. Of these, at least 15% must be with higher education.

All conscripts sent to the unit undergo mandatory medical examinations. inspection. There is an opinion that the inspection is a formality. In fact, on it from the A-1 fitness category they can be transferred to A-2 and the conscript will no longer be sent to the landing force, but they will easily be taken to the infantry. It happens that the commission doubts the suitability of the conscript and sends him for additional examination. The probability of this is 0.2%.

All doctors in the medical commission are civilians. Half of them are permanently in the state, half are attracted from local medical institutions for the duration of the call.

As a rule, the conscript arrives at the assembly point and departs to the unit during the day. But some stay on it up to 3 days. For example, when sending to distant regions is formed. Therefore, all conditions for life are created at the assembly point.

Military registration and enlistment offices try to send to serve at the place of residence. But, since the Western Military District is the most densely populated, and military units are scattered throughout the country, those who have good reasons for this (single mother, pregnant wife, etc.) remain to serve their region in the first place.

A buyer comes from each military unit for conscripts.

The buyer looks at the contingent provided to him by the military registration and enlistment office, conducts a psychological conversation with him and, in case of an unsatisfactory result, may ask to replace the conscript.

According to tradition, for the past few years, all conscripts receive military uniforms at the military registration and enlistment office.

There is a lot of controversy about the merits and demerits of the new form. As I was told, those who are dissatisfied with the new uniform simply do not know how to wear it.

The conscript's civilian clothes are not thrown away. It can be sent home at the expense of the Department of Defense.

From the military enlistment office we go to the military unit in Sertolovo (Leningrad region).

There is a training unit in Sertolovo, where young soldiers will receive military specialties for 3 months, so that later they can continue serving in other units.

In terms of recruits, the commander immediately meets and checks personal belongings.

For hygiene purposes, socks are replaced with footcloths. Winter items of ammunition are deposited.

Under the guidance of sergeants, recruits fill out medical books and write their first letters home. In general, writing letters home is a regular obligatory business, because. some soldiers forget about it, and at home they worry.

According to the old army tradition, the conditionally old-timer passes on army experience to the young replenishment.

While the conscripts are getting acquainted with army life, the commanders decide who to teach for what specialty. Someone on the tank driver, someone on the sniper. It depends on many factors - civilian specialty, education, psychological predisposition, etc.

Each future conscript, before joining the army, asks himself two questions, where is it better to serve in the army and how to get into the right unit. To answer this question, you need to understand what goal you want to achieve by going to serve in the army. It is worth deciding on the presence of some specific skills and acquired knowledge in civilian life.

Passing the draft board, each conscript will be asked where the conscript would like to serve. The draft office will make a note about the preferences of the conscript, where it is better to send him, taking into account his medical characteristics and abilities.

True, often this mark does not play a special role. The distribution at the recruiting station takes place according to the needs of the "buyers" who came for the young replenishment. However, in some cases, the wishes of the conscript are taken into account, and the region in which the conscript lives is also taken into account. In some cases, he may be left to serve near the house, if there are certain reasons for that. Then, the conscript should take care of this issue in advance and choose for service those troops that are in his home region.

Types of troops

What are the troops and what skills do you need to have in order to get into these troops. All troops can be divided into three types: land, fleet, aviation. It is impossible to single out any type of troops in the category of elite. Each type of troops performs certain tasks and has its own goals. Therefore, it is better to worry in advance and decide where it is better to go to serve in the army.

Land

• Tank forces. Are the main offensive force ground forces. The tasks of defense and offensive in battle are carried out. For these troops, recruits are selected no more than 174 centimeters tall, preferably of a strong physique, with no significant visual problems.

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• Motorized rifle. They have versatility and the ability to perform any combat missions in any weather and in any terrain. There is no special selection for these troops. The health category goes from A1 to B4. The troops include many units, so everyone will be assigned to the service.
• Railway troops. Participation in hostilities conducted with the participation of trains, as well as the elimination of the consequences natural Disasters on the railroad tracks. A conscript with not very good health has every chance of being in this type of troops.
• Special Forces. Performing special tasks that are beyond the power of any military unit. Recruitment to this unit is conducted from candidates who have already served military service. The strictest selection and testing is carried out.

Air

• Airborne troops. Conducting special operations on enemy territory. Organization of sabotage activities and disruption of control and communications, as well as the capture of enemy facilities. A candidate for these troops must meet very high requirements. Health category not lower than A1, physical endurance and psychological stability.

• Aerospace Forces (VKS, Strategic Missile Forces, Air Defense). Protection and control of aerospace Russian Federation and repulse enemy attacks from the air. Conscripts of technical and engineering specialties are more likely to get into these units. When selecting, the emphasis is on the psychological qualities and mental abilities of the conscript.

Marine

• Navy. Performing combat missions on sea and ocean waters, repelling enemy attacks on the water and conducting offensive operations from the sea. Includes surface, submarine troops, as well as naval aviation and marines. In order to be called up for military service in the Navy, you must have a height of at least 180 centimeters, a health category of at least A3 and good mental stability.

Where to go

If one or another branch of the armed forces is considered prestigious, then this issue is very controversial. Any army has its own elite units, such as intelligence and special forces. It is honorable and prestigious to serve in such units, but you will also have to work decently. Getting into such units is not an easy task. For service in these units, some recruits initially need to be in good physical shape and mental stability. In such a platoon, it is more likely to learn useful skills, such as hand-to-hand combat, weapons and other types of special skills.

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But at the same time, as practice shows, the selection of recruits takes place without the knowledge of the conscript. At the recruiting station, "buyers" usually say that the best troops are exactly where they came from, their task is to take the best with them. If a recruit goes to the recruiting station with certain knowledge, then there will be fewer problems with him in the combat unit. But after the oath is taken, a second distribution is carried out. At this point, in most cases, attention is paid to what virtues a young soldier has. In accordance with his skills, there is a division into divisions of the unit.

In order to get into good troops, before going to serve in the army, you must take the following steps:

1. Increase physical activity. Good physical shape is appreciated everywhere.
2. To raise organization and independence, you need to learn self-discipline.
3. Get a profession. In the army, soldiers with any skills are in demand.

Pre-conscription training

It is worth mentioning the pre-conscription training of a conscript, because it is advisable to think in advance about where to go to serve. If there is a strong desire to go to serve as a driver or in airborne brigade, it would be nice to take care of this in advance. In Russia, in every major city, there are DOSAAF branches that are engaged in pre-conscription training. Through this training system, you can not only get rights, but also increase the chances of serving at the wheel of any military equipment.