Hi Hello)- nihao
Goodbye)- zaizen
Thanks- sese
Many thanks!- Sese, feychang fanse!
Happy New Year- xing nien kwai le, Wo zhu ni xin nian,
I wish you a happy new year- Zhu xin nian kuai yu, Gonghe xin nian, Gonghe xinxi
Do you speak English?- No fuck sho inwen ma?
Please- Buyun se
Sorry- Dui buti
What is your name?- Ni jiao shemme mingzi?
Yes- Shi
Not- Bushy
Do you want to dance?- Ni xiang tiao wu ma?
I love you!- Oh no!
I- whoa
We- wo-man
You- neither
You- nin
You- ni-men
They are- ta-men
What is your name?-- ni-jo she me min dza?
Good-hao
Badly- boo hao
Wife- chi-ze
Husband- chan-fu
Daughter- new art
A son- arze
Mother- mum
Father- dad
Friend- pani-yo

Numbers

zero- lin
one- And
two- ar
three- dignity
four- se
five- woo
six- leu
seven- chi
eight- pa
nine- gio
ten- shi
twenty- ar shi
thirty- san shi
Fourty- sy shi
fifty- wu shi
hundred- and share
one thousand- and chen
million- and pai wuan

Shops and restaurants

What it is?- Jo she she ma?
I will buy this- woo-mai
You have...?- niyo-me yo...?
Open- kai
Closed- kuan
Little, little- and ti ar
Many- hen-tuo
Everything- chuen poo
Breakfast- zao-tsang
Dinner- u-tsang
Dinner- wan-tsang
Bread- miem pao
Drink- yn-leao
Coffee- ca-fei
Tea- cha
Juice- puoji
Water- choe
Wine- gio
Salt- yen
Pepper- hu tio ju
Meat- ro
Vegetables- cai
Fruit- Shui-kuo
Ice cream- pin-chi-ling

Tourism

Where- ... ... tai-nah?
How much does the ticket cost?- Che-fey tuo-sho?
Ticket- pya
Train- whoa
Bus- kum-kum chi cho
Underground- di tie
The airport- Fei-ti-chan (g)
Railway station- wo-cho-jan
Departure- chu-tien
Arrival- ru-tien
Hotel- louis quan
Room- ke fa (n)
The passport- hu-cha
How to get
Left- zuo
Right- yo
Directly- ji
Up- sha
Down- sya
Long away- yuan
Close- ting
Map- di tou

Public areas and attractions

mail- yo ji
Museum- bow wu guang
Bank- ying ha
Police- tin-cha ti
Hospital- i-yuan
Pharmacy- yo fa
Shop- tie(n)
Restaurant- tiu-lo (y)
School- xue xia(o)
Church- thio tan(g)
Toilet- ti-sho-tye
The outside- tie
Area- fuon cha(ng)
Bridge- chao

Dates and times

What time is it now?- you drank "and
Day- ry tien
A week- ting-chi
Month- yue
Year- nyen
Monday- ting-chi-yi
Tuesday- ting-chi-ah
Wednesday- tin-chi-san
Thursday- ting-chi-fu
Friday- ting-chi-woo
Saturday- ting-chi-leo
Sunday- tin-chi-ry
Spring- chuen
Summer- tya
Autumn- whose
Winter- tone)

Often tourists in the Middle Kingdom face the problem of a language barrier. This is due to the fact that even in big cities, a limited number of few Chinese speak English. And if in stores you can explain yourself with gestures and signs, then for communication in transport or in other public places it is better to memorize simple phrases and take a phrasebook or dictionary with transcription with you.

Most Popular Chinese Words

China is a country where live communication is valued. Here you can not stand aside and be an outside observer. It is not easy for representatives of Western culture to get used to this way of life. A few of the most popular words should be learned by every person who plans a trip to China. This language does not have the words "yes" and "no"; instead, more than 20 particles are used to express one's attitude to this issue.

When communicating with the Chinese, you can ask about the history and culture of their country, about family and family traditions. But it is better not to touch on political topics and not to discuss economic problems. Asking a Chinese person if it will rain can offend him. The fact is that a turtle predicts rain, and identifying a person with this animal is an insult.

The simplest phrases for children

Knowledge of elementary expressions will help the child to join the team, develop their social skills. It is important to be able to say hello, introduce yourself and get to know each other, express your attitude to what is happening, keep up the conversation. Young people like to start phrases with the word "Hey":

Among young people, the phrase “how are you” or “how are you?” is often replaced with the informal “What is going on here?” 诶, 什么事？(ēi, shén me shì?) Hey, sheng mi shi?

Chinese phrasebook with pronunciation in Russian

Depending on the situation, different phrases may be needed. The main thing is that the interlocutor understands what it is about, and he can answer with a gesture or show the direction with his hand.

Appeals

When referring to strangers unnecessarily, you should not use colloquial appeals such as "aunt" or "uncle". When communicating with good friends, it is appropriate to use the first name, and in a more formal setting, the first and last names, and first you need to put the status of the person, then the last name and first name.

Some time ago, a popular expression in China was the word "comrade" by analogy with the USSR. Now it is better not to use this word, as it has a new meaning "gay".

Common phrases

Knowing common phrases will help you make new acquaintances. In China, there are both standard formal phrases and youth slang expressions. You should not use them without understanding the environment.

At customs

Knowledge of elementary phrases will help to pass customs inspection, to prevent unpleasant situations when crossing the border. The rules for importing and exporting goods from the customs territory of China are very confusing. It is important to keep all receipts for goods purchased in China. All valuables, jewelry must be declared upon entry into the country so that there are no problems with export.

At the station

At the railway station in China, there are a lot of checks, so it is better to carry your passport along with the ticket. All information about trains is displayed on a large luminous board, which is located near the main entrance. Without knowing the language, you can find the train number, the time of its departure and the floor you should go up to. All other information is indicated by hieroglyphs, so you should not delve into it without knowing how to read. On different floors of the station there are waiting rooms for different trains, you need to find your own and wait for the corresponding announcement.

The Chinese are always running to take a seat. Therefore, as soon as the boarding of the train is announced, all the passengers from the waiting room will grab their bales and run, pushing everyone in their path.

If you can’t find your car, then you need to show the ticket to the conductor - he will direct you in the right direction.

When buying a ticket, it is worth writing on a piece of paper the destination, the number of tickets and the desired date and give it to the cashier.

In transport

To get to the hotel or other desired place, you can use the map and show the taxi driver the right place. When using a business card or handwritten address, it is important to be sure that the spelling is correct.

Taxi drivers in China can take advantage of the fact that a tourist is not oriented in the area and drive him in circles to increase prices. This can be avoided if you independently create a route in the navigator and show it to the driver. Also, ordering an official taxi with checkers and a counter can protect you from troubles.

In hotel

Hotel staff in China practically do not speak English or Russian. If the hotel is 4 stars and above, then it must have English-speaking staff at the reception. Gestures and pictures will help in communicating with maids, porters and other staff. Before settling, it is advisable to check the integrity of the furniture in the room, the availability of all inventory, the fullness of the mini-bar so that you do not have to pay for something that was spoiled by someone else.

In conditions when there is no need to rush, it is convenient to use an electronic translator - a special program in a smartphone that translates all phrases and reproduces speech. It should work online, but in China there are difficulties with the Internet, some services are limited, messages in instant messengers are sometimes moderated.

Emergencies

If you ask something on the street, it is better to find a policeman or an older, intelligent-looking person and ask the question or show it written on paper.

In the event of unforeseen situations, do not argue or talk rudely with government officials. You should remain calm, be polite.

It is important to have the phone number of your country's consulate on hand so that you can contact them in an emergency.

On the streets of large cities there are "people's telephones", as well as telephone booths that charge money for a conversation from a card.

If during your stay in the Celestial Empire a tourist falls ill, then before going to the doctor you need to:

• find all the symptoms on the Internet and copy them in Chinese on paper;
• buy at the pharmacy a protective mask against germs, which are numerous in Asian medical institutions.

At the reception, you need to present a prepared sheet, and the administrator will tell you how much you need to pay and which office to go to. If a foreigner does not have insurance, then treatment can be expensive.

Dates and times

Time in Chinese is made up of the hour number from 1 to 12 and the word for "hour" 点 (diǎn) itself. The Chinese do not use the 24-hour time system. The days of the week in Chinese do not have a name - they are numbered. The name of the day of the week consists of the week (xinqi) and the number of the day of the week.

Numerals

You will have to use a lot of numbers during a trip to China, so it is better to practice in advance.

• 10+1 = 11 (shi i)
• 10+5 = 15 (shi wu)
• 3+10 = 30 (san shi)
• 4+10+5 = 45 (sy shi y)

A popular Chinese way of showing numbers on the fingers. The fingers of one hand are used to indicate prime numbers from 1 to 9:

While shopping

Trade in China is developing and is focused on Russian buyers. Therefore, in many boutiques, sellers know certain words, and some speak broken Russian. But the most proven way to bargain is with a calculator.

In large shopping centers, where there are many Russian buyers, you can meet Chinese merchants who have taken on European pseudonyms (Sasha, Natasha and others). They do this for the convenience of their customers. If we are talking about a business partner, then it is better to remember the Chinese name and pronounce it without mistakes.

While eating

The Chinese love to eat, they spend their weekends in cafes, where they meet friends.

When visiting Chinese restaurants, you need to be prepared for the fact that:

• most food is spicy;
• there is no menu in English;
• The waiters only speak Chinese.

A good way out of the situation would be to print the names of the dishes with hieroglyphs with the names of the products and show them for ordering. Separately, you need to prepare the phrase "I do not eat spicy." If the menu says 辣, then the dish is very spicy.

Do not rely on the taste of the waiter or ask for the best dish of the restaurant - most likely it will be oriented to the taste of the Chinese, not the European.

Conclusion

Tones are of great importance in the pronunciation of words. One word, spoken with different intonations, can take on a completely different meaning. There are 4 syllabic tones in Puntuhua that have designations.

• The 1st tone is similar in tone to an unfinished phrase;
• 2nd tone - short, similar to asking again;
• 3rd tone - as a bewildered question;
• The 4th tone is short and resembles an order.

We learn the melody of the pronunciation of Chinese words like a song, then working on tones will not be a problem.

To master the rules of pronunciation, you should listen to the speech of native speakers, watch video lessons or attend courses. The study should be built on the level of hearing. Interrogative sentences in Chinese are pronounced with rising intonation, while declarative sentences are pronounced with falling intonation.
Basic knowledge of the Chinese language and some words will improve the quality of travel in this country.

WikiHow is a wiki, which means that many of our articles are written by multiple authors. When creating this article, 32 people worked on editing and improving it, including anonymously.

Do you want to surprise your Chinese acquaintances or guests, but you only have one day to prepare? Not a problem! In this article, we will teach you how to speak Mandarin Chinese in one day. You will most likely have an interpreter, or your Chinese friends speak Russian, but you can still show off and say a couple of phrases that this article will teach you.

Steps

Master the four tones of Mandarin. The Internet is full of sites where you can read about the four tones, so search "Chinese tones" in the search engines. This is the basis of pronunciation in Chinese. Don't be discouraged if you don't get them right, mastering the tone system can be a very difficult task. Slightly "foreign" and not perfect pronunciation can diversify your way of speaking and set you apart from stupid foreigners trying to speak Chinese and native Chinese.

Learn to say "Ni Hao"."Ni hao" (transcription) literally means "you are good" and is a common greeting phrase. It can be said when shaking hands with a Chinese friend, when meeting by chance on the way, when you sit next to a stranger during your lunch break, etc. This phrase can be freely used in all situations when in Russian we say “hello” or “ Hello".

Learn to say "Behold"."Behold" means "thank you". Transcription. The phrase is used in any situation where you want to thank someone.

Learn to say "Bu khae tsi"."Bu khae tsi" means "please" in response to gratitude. Transcription.

Learn to say "Tai hao le"."Tai hao le" means "excellent/very good/excellent/excellent". Transcription. As you can imagine, this phrase can be used in so many situations: for example, when someone agrees to meet you again or someone gives you a business card, etc.

Learn to say "Where is it?" This is a common response to a compliment, including a compliment given to your spouse. Do not respond to a compliment with the phrase "Se ce" (thank you) - the Chinese do not say that. Instead, answer "Whether on whether" (transcription).

Learn to pronounce your name in Chinese. Ask your Chinese friends how to pronounce your name in Chinese and practice saying it. Then, when meeting with an unfamiliar Chinese, you can introduce yourself: "Wo jiao [your name]." "Wo Jiao" means "my name is". For example, "My name is Ivan" in Chinese would be "Wo Jiao Yi Wan". You can also say "Wo de ming zi shi [your name]", which also means "my name is...".

Say each phrase twice. Some of these phrases, except for "Na Li Na Li", which is already repeated, can be said twice to sound like a real Chinese. For example, instead of "Ni hao" say "Ni hao ni hao!". Instead of "Se ce" say "Se ce ce ce" (I understand that it sounds strange, but believe me, this is what the native Chinese say). Repetition is needed to underline words. At the second pronunciation, say the phrase a little quieter, gradually fading away. So, let’s repeat once again: “Ni hao ni hao!”, “Se ce ce ce!”, “Bu khe tsi bu khe tsi!”, “Tai hao le tai hao le!”.

Say "Tajia hao" before performing. You may be asked to give a speech to a Chinese audience. Start it with the phrase “Tajia hao” ( transcription), which can literally be translated as “How is your day?”, “Hello everyone!”, “I wish you all the best!” or “Good afternoon everyone!”.

1. Do not miss the opportunity to insert a phrase in Chinese. Most likely you will have an interpreter when talking to a Chinese person, or your Chinese friend will speak Russian, but still try to say a couple of phrases in Chinese before speaking Russian. This will distinguish you from all the other foreigners with whom your interlocutor has communicated, and will leave a good impression of you.

   • Always smile when you speak. In China, a smile is also important! She shows your goodwill, so smile more!
   • Get a Russian-Chinese phrasebook. This article hasn't taught you all the phrases you might need. Therefore, if you want, then buy a small phrase book and learn a few more phrases from it.
   • Joke. Joke whenever possible. Humor is part of the positive stereotype about Westerners. Compared to Westerners, the Chinese are more serious, but they like foreigners with a sense of humor. So keep that positive image going, especially when you're giving a speech. Be sure to prepare a couple of jokes, the Chinese may be upset if you act too seriously and in a businesslike way. However, do not overdo it with jokes, otherwise you will look weird.

   Warnings

   • This article only deals with Mandarin Chinese. Use these phrases only after making sure your Chinese friend knows Mandarin. They won't work if he speaks Yue (Cantonese). Cantonese is another Chinese dialect that sounds very different. Speaking to a Cantonese in Mandarin will make you look stupid. Also, many words in Cantonese have a completely different meaning, so you may be misunderstood!
   • Don't shrug your shoulders to show you don't understand. This gesture does not exist in Chinese culture. You can cause misunderstanding among the Chinese.

Hello my students! In this lesson, I will show you how to say hello in Chinese and ask for the name of the interlocutor. You will also learn a few basic rules.

Dialog:

-你好！你叫什么名字？

-我叫伊万，你呢？

-我叫玛丽。

-认识你很高兴!玛丽你好吗？

-我很好。你呢？

-我也很好。

Nǐ hǎo! Nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?

Wǒ jiào yī wàn, nǐ ne?

Wǒ jiào mǎlì.

Rènshí nǐ hěn gāoxìng! Mǎlì nǐ hǎo ma?

Wǒ hěn hǎo. Nǐne?

Wǒ yě hěn hǎo.

Translation:

Hey! What is your name?

My name is Ivan. And you?

My name is Maria.

It's very nice to meet you. How are you, Maria?

I am very good. And you have?

I am also very good.

New words:

好 hǎo - good

你好 nǐhǎo - hello (dol. you are good)

吗 ma is a phrasal particle expressing a question

很 hěn - very

也 yě - too, also

呢 ne is a phrasal particle expressing a question?

你呢 nǐne – And you? And you have?

叫 jiào - to call, to call

什么 shénme - what, what, what, what

名字 míngzi - name

伊万 yīwàn - Ivan (transliteration)

玛丽 mǎlì – Mary (transliteration)

认识 rènshi - to know, to get acquainted, to get acquainted, to get acquainted

高兴 gāoxìng - rejoice, joyful

认识你很高兴 rènshi nǐhěn gāoxìng - Nice to meet you.

In Chinese, there are 3 ways to form a question.

1. Using the phrasal particle 吗 ma.
2. Using the interrogative word 什么 shénme (etc. we will study later).
3. Using the construction of repetition of the verb. (We will analyze in more detail later).

So let's look at examples.

Question 你好吗？nǐhǎo ma? Literally translated as "Are you good?" It means "How are you doing?" .你认识玛丽吗? nǐ rènshi mǎlì ma? – Do you know Mary?

In the question 你叫什么名字？nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? -"What is your name?" there is no phrasal particle 吗 ma, but there is an interrogative word 什么 shénme, which is the form of the question. Literally. "You are called (called) by what name?"

I think, perhaps, the phrase 认识你很高兴 rènshi nǐhěn gāoxìng also scares you, because it is very long and not clear. Well, let's figure it out.

认识你 rènshi nǐ means to get to know you, to get to know you

很高兴 hěn gāoxìng - very happy, very pleased

These phrases can be interchanged and the meaning will be the same. You can say 我很高兴认识你 wǒ hěn gāoxìng rènshi nǐ and it will be translated as "I am very pleased to meet you"

Hieroglyph	Writing order
你
玛
吗
我
好
认
丽
伊
万
名
字
很
叫
高
识
兴
什
也
好

Further, I have prepared for you interesting stories with pictures about the formation of hieroglyphs, after reading and looking at which, it will be much easier and more understandable for you. The character 好 hǎo consists of two parts 女 nǚ - woman

and 子 zǐ - child.

A woman with a child means "good, right, excellent"

The old form of the character 我 wǒ consisted of two harpoons opposing each other, perhaps representing the opposition of two rights. Namely, my right, that means me. Subsequently, its form was transformed into a hieroglyph consisting of a pictogram of a hand holding a sword or spear, thus denoting that when a man holds a spear in his hand, his EGO becomes stronger, forming the word "I".

The classical hieroglyph 你 nǐ was denoted by a pictogram of balance or scales, adding the grapheme “person” to the left, a word was formed describing a person of the same weight, i.e. YOU.

The character 叫 jiào is formed from two parts. The left part means "mouth", while the right part used to have a different spelling and denoted hand scales used by street vendors. They lured buyers with low prices for sweet watermelons.

The right side of the character 很 hěn means stubbornness, namely, the top is the eye, and the bottom is the turn back. The left side means the steps or force that should be applied to curb, pacify this stubbornness, because. stubbornness is usually strong, then you need VERY many steps, hence the meaning of “very”.

Since ancient times, the character 也 yě denoted a drinking horn in the shape of a cone. In addition to the basic things, the person also carried this vessel with him. Until now, the hieroglyph has retained its meaning - the pictogram is used to denote the union "too, also, and" in the design "man and his horn".

As in the previous lesson, homework will be as follows: write out new words, write down each character in 3-4 lines. Make up a simple dialogue based on the lesson example. If you have any questions, write, I will try to answer as soon as possible.

Let's stop there for now, read the continuation in the next lesson.

In the next lesson, we will study numbers, learn how to write the date and get acquainted with some new words. And in order not to miss a new lesson, subscribe to the site updates. See you soon!

China is one of the most visited countries in the world by tourists. It attracts for the most part with its diversity of landscape, virgin villages with their traditions and fascinating legends, and huge metropolitan areas in which nightlife is seething. In China, everyone will find something new and unusual for themselves. China is one of the oldest civilizations, in this republic, architectural monuments that are more than tens of thousands of years old have been preserved to this day. Each sight of China carries a mystery and a centuries-old legend.

Traveling through the expanses of this extraordinary state, nothing will prevent you from enjoying its beauties, except perhaps not knowing the Chinese language, but you can cope with this problem thanks to our Russian-Chinese phrase book, which you can download or print directly from the site. It contains topics that you may need while traveling.

Appeals

Common phrases

At customs

At the station

In transport

In hotel

Emergencies

Dates and times

Numerals

In the shop

Restaurant and cafe

Common phrases are words on which you can start a conversation and keep it going. Here are collected phrases that are most often used in the lexicon.

Airport - in order not to get lost at the Chinese airport, to find ticket offices, exit to the terminals, to the parking lot, to the bus stop, etc., this topic is perfect for you.

Transport - by opening this topic you will find the translation of words and phrases that can be used to explain to the taxi driver where you need to go, or to find out which bus route is right for you, clarify the fare, find out how to get to the station. subway, bus stop, etc.

A restaurant is a place that every tourist visits. However, the Chinese language is very different from Russian, as is the cuisine. Therefore, without knowing the translation of certain dishes, as well as their components, you will not be able to order what you want. To solve this problem, just open this topic and find the name of the dish that you like.

Hotel - when checking into a hotel, you need to fill out some paperwork, choose a room that you like, etc. In order to explain what you want from the hotel and to clarify the nuances of accommodation, just open this section and find the appropriate phrases.

Mall - A list of common phrases that you will definitely need while shopping in the mall.

Grocery supermarket - a list of words and phrases that will help you buy the products you are interested in.

Pharmacy - if you have health problems, but everything is written in Chinese in the pharmacy, and the pharmacist himself does not understand what you need, use this topic and you will buy the medicine that you need.

Cashier - words and phrases that will help you in a conversation with a cashier.

Chinese counting - translation and sounding of numbers in Chinese, from zero to a million.

Pronouns - pronunciation and translation of pronouns in Chinese.

Interrogative words - frequently asked and important questions for tourists, their pronunciation and spelling.

Name of flowers - here you will find the translation of many colors and shades, as well as their correct pronunciation.