HAPPY BIRTHDAY!!

Victor Savinykh Soviet cosmonaut, twice a Hero Soviet Union, scientist

Viktor Petrovich Savinykh was born on March 7, 1940 in the village of Berezkiny, Kirov Region, in a family of workers.
After graduating from the Perm Technical School of Railway Transport, in 1960 he worked as a foreman on the Sverdlovsk Railway.
Then he was drafted into the ranks Soviet army, served in the railway troops.

Savinykh continued his education at the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography,
after graduation in 1969, he worked for 20 years at the Design Bureau. S.P. Queen.
Passed the positions of engineer, senior engineer, test cosmonaut, head of the complex.

Viktor Petrovich was admitted to the cosmonaut corps on December 8, 1978. Made three space flight,
including as part of international crews. Viktor's flight was recognized as the most difficult in the history of Russian cosmonautics.
Savinykh with Vladimir Dzhanibekov, which took place in 1985. This was the second flight of the Savinykh, with access to open space and,
according to Viktor Petrovich himself, these 169 days spent in space could well become a plot for a blockbuster.

The crew was tasked with docking with the Salyut-7 station and carrying out a number of technical experiments on board.
This was the official version of the flight. In fact, people were sent into space to stop the fall of an uncontrollable, "dead" space station. Or, together with it, go out of orbit and burn up in the dense layers of the atmosphere. This was the only way to avoid the catastrophe that nearly claimed the lives of millions of earthlings in the spring of 1985. No one could calculate where the unburned debris would fall, and on which country the unburned debris would fall.

No wonder Dzhanibekov was considered the docking master, and Savinykh was the best flight engineer who thoroughly knew every rivet.
all spacecraft. Their docking with "Salyut-7" was included in all world textbooks of manned astronautics.
There were manual connections both before and after. However, no one has ever, except for the crew of Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Viktor Savinykh,
so masterly did not dock in outer space with an uncontrollable object. A maneuver as difficult as flying around a station,
in case of failure, he threatened not only with the failure of the mission, but also with the death of the crew. And then, docked, while still in the transition compartment, the astronauts
realized that Soyuz-7 was de-energized, all systems were covered with ice, and their launch could lead to a major fire. Water and air supply
only lasted for 5 days. NASA was convinced that it was unrealistic to reanimate such an object in such a situation ... "In the end, we fixed it,"
- later will write Victor Savinykh in one of his books "Notes from a dead station".

In 1988, after leaving the cosmonaut corps, the Savinykh was elected rector of the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography
and cartography (since 2007 occupies the bridge of the president of this educational institution). Doctor of Technical Sciences, Laureate
State Prize of the USSR - he is a member of a number of domestic and foreign academies, the author of books, textbooks,
monographs and articles on the study of the Earth from space.

President of the Association of Russian Universities, Editor-in-Chief of a socio-political and popular science magazine
"Russian space", an active public figure - Viktor Petrovich Savinykh lives and works in Moscow, but each
summer tries to visit his small homeland: wander through the forest, sit with a fishing rod on the banks of the Vyatka River.

In the village of Berezkiny, Orichevsky District, Kirov Region, RSFSR.

In 1960 he graduated from the Perm technical school of railway transport, having received the qualification "technician-tracker", in 1969 - the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography (MIIGAiK) with a degree in Optical and Electronic Devices, in 1976 - postgraduate study at MIIGAiK (in absentia) , in 1994 - graduated from the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, having received the qualification "diplomat".

Doctor of Technical Sciences (1990).

From March to October 1960 he worked on the Sverdlovsk railway as a foreman of a brigade for the repair of artificial structures of the 6th distance of the track service.

In 1989, a museum was opened in the cosmonaut's house in the village of Berezkiny, Orichevsky district.

In 2005, the small planet 6890, discovered on September 3, 1975, was named after the cosmonaut.

In 2007, in the city of Kirov, on the site near the museum of K.E. Tsiolkovsky, his bust was installed.

Victor Savinykh is married and has a daughter.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, President of the Moscow state university geodesy and cartography

Born on March 7, 1940 in the village of Berezkiny, Orichevsky District, Kirov Region. Father - Savinykh Petr Kuzmich (1914-1983). Mother - Savinykh Olga Pavlovna (born in 1916). Wife - Savinykh Lilia Alekseevna (born in 1941). Daughter - Antipova (Savinykh) Valentina Viktorovna (born in 1968). Grandchildren - Ilya Antipov (born 1990), Liza Antipova (born 1996).

Graduated from the Perm Technical School of Railway Transport (1957-1960), the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography (1963-1969) and the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry (1990-1994). He began his career as a foreman of a brigade of artificial structures on the Sverdlovsk railway in 1960. Then he was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet Army (1960-1963). He served in the railway troops, took part in the construction of the Ivden-Ob highway.
After graduation, he came to work at the Design Bureau. S.P. Korolev, where he worked for 20 years (1969-1989). Passed the positions of engineer, senior engineer, test cosmonaut, head of the complex. He was admitted to the cosmonaut corps on December 8, 1978. He made his first space flight in 1981 aboard the Soyuz-T4 spacecraft. Spent 75 days at the Salyut-6 station. The second flight, lasting 169 days, took place in 1985. During the flight, a docking was carried out with the Salyut-7 station that had lost control, the “dead” station was restored, and a spacewalk was carried out to install an additional solar battery. In 1988, V. Savinykh visited space for the third time on the Soyuz-TM5 spacecraft as part of the Soviet-Bulgarian cosmonaut crew, spent 10 days at the Mir orbital station.
In November 1988 he was elected rector of the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography. He started to work in a new capacity in February 1989. In May 2007, he was elected President of the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography. Since 2014 - Chairman of the Board of OJSC KB Khlynov.
Viktor Petrovich Savinykh has the honorary title of "Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR" (1981). He is twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1981, 1985), holder of three Orders of Lenin (1981, 1985, 1988). Awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland III degree(1994). For the implementation of joint programs with the cosmonauts of Mongolia and Bulgaria space flights awarded the titles Hero of Mongolia, Hero of Bulgaria (1988), Mongolian Order of Sukhe Bator and Bulgarian Order of Dimitrov (1988).
V.P. Savinykh - Doctor of Technical Sciences, laureate of the USSR State Prize (1989). In 1996 V.P. Savinykh was awarded the State Prize of Russia for integrated aerospace sensing in the creation and operation of geotechnical systems. Since 1996 - project manager for the creation of a geodetic reference network in Moscow.
V.P. Savinykh is the editor-in-chief of the journal "Geodesy and Aerial Photography" (1990), he is the author of a number of books, monographs and textbooks: "The Earth waits and hopes" (Perm, 1983, 1990), "Visual and instrumental observations from Salyut-6" (Leningrad, 1983), "System analysis of the" Cosmonaut-Tekhnika "complexes" (Moscow, 1994), "Achievements of domestic manned cosmonautics in the study of the environment"(Leningrad, 1996)," Noctilucent clouds - a view from space "(Leningrad, 1997)," Aerospace survey "(Moscow, 1997).
V.P. Savinykh is a member of a number of domestic and foreign academies and public organizations, including the International Academy of Astronautics (Paris, 1990), the International Engineering Academy (1991), the International Academy of Informatization (1994), the Academy of Cosmonautics (1993). He is the President of the Association Russian universities(1992), member of the International Committee of the Association of Space Flight Participants (1994).
In 1989-1991 was elected People's Deputy of the USSR, was a member of the Committee on Ecology of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. 1986-1990 headed the USSR Swimming Federation.
V free time enjoys sports: skiing, alpine skiing, swimming, tennis. Every summer he tries to visit his homeland in Vyatka, wander through the forest, sit with a fishing rod on the bank of the river. Vyatka.

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Cosmonaut: Savinykh Viktor Petrovich (03/07/1940)

• 50th cosmonaut of the USSR (526th in the world)
• Flight duration (1981): 74 days 17 hours 37 minutes 23 seconds, call sign - "Foton-2"
• Flight duration (1985): 168 days 3 hours 51 minutes 8 seconds, call sign - "Pamir-2"
• Flight duration (1988): 9 days 20 hours 9 minutes 19 seconds, call sign - "Rodnik-2"

Victor Savinykh was born on March 7, 1940 in the village. Berezkins of the Kirov region. After graduating from high school in a neighboring village, the 17-year-old boy entered the railway technical school in the city of Perm. After graduating from the technical school for more than six months he worked as a foreman of the repair brigade of the Sverdlovsk railroad... In October 1960, Viktor Savinykh went to serve in the Red Army, where he spent three years. During this time, Victor rose to the rank of senior sergeant, became an assistant to the head of the road, took part in the creation of the Ivdel-Ob highway, as a result of which he was awarded the title of "Excellent worker of the Soviet Army".

Finishing military service the future cosmonaut entered MIIGAiK, the capital's institute, where he was trained in the direction of "optoelectronic devices". After graduating from the institute with honors in 1969, Victor got a job as an engineer at the research and production association "Energia". In the next 10 years, Viktor Savinykh managed to take part in the development of optical devices that were used in the Soyuz spacecraft and the Salyut series orbital stations. In 1976, the future cosmonaut completed his postgraduate studies at MIIGAiK in absentia, and a year before that he was admitted to undergo a special medical examination.

Cosmonaut career

Having passed all the required examinations, Viktor Petrovich became a member of the cosmonaut corps in December 1978. From 1979 to 1981, Viktor Savinykh underwent a series of preparations for various space missions, such as expeditions to an orbital station and testing of new samples of the Soyuz series spacecraft.

At the end of 1980, V. Savinykh and V. Kovalenok became the reserve crew of the flight program to the Salyut-6 station. However, the orbital station soon required various repairs, and the State Commission decided to send a person who had already been there earlier to Salyut-6. Therefore, Vladimir Kovalenok, who had already visited the OS once, and onboard engineer Viktor Savinykh were appointed as the prime crew.

The first flight of the Savinykh cosmonaut took place on March 12, 1981, and lasted until May 26. In the role of an onboard engineer, he made the 5th expedition to the Salyut-6 station.

The next flight was performed by Viktor Savinykh together with Vladimir Dzhanibekov from June 6 to November 21, 1985. As a result of a radio transmission failure between the flight control center and the Salyut-7 OS, the latter lost all external control. To solve this problem, the crew of the converted Soyuz T-13 spacecraft was formed. The spacecraft was removed from the seat for the third pilot and the equipment for automatic docking, everything was aimed at improving the visual view for manual docking. After successful docking, the cosmonauts performed an exit into the open space, which lasted 5 hours. After the repair work, the Soyuz T-13 crew transferred to the station. The total flight time exceeded 168 days. This operation is considered one of the most technically difficult in the domestic cosmonautics.

The third and last flight of the Savinykh cosmonaut took place on June 7, 1988. The crew of the Soyuz TM-5 spacecraft docked with the new space station - Mir. Having completed all the planned work, Viktor Petrovich returned to Earth on June 17.

For the space missions carried out, the cosmonaut Savinykh was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the Mongolian and Bulgarian People's Republics.

Future life

In 1988, Viktor Petrovich became the rector of the university where he himself once studied - MIIGAiK. A year later, he officially finished his cosmonaut career and became a People's Deputy of the USSR (until 1992). In 1990, the former cosmonaut defended his thesis of Doctor of Technical Sciences.

Today Viktor Petrovich Savinykh is the editor-in-chief of the popular science magazine "Russian Space". Near the Tsiolkovsky Museum in the city of Kirov, a monument to cosmonaut Savinykh was erected, and a minor planet was also named after him.

Viktor Savinykh is a Soviet cosmonaut, 50th in the list of those who were able to fly into space in the USSR. In his entire life, he had three sorties, during one of which he was able to visit open space. The total time of all flights is more than 252 days.

Biography

Viktor Savinykh is an astronaut, whose biography at one time was known to many Soviet citizens, because the whole country looked at people like him, was proud of them, looked up to them.

The future cosmonaut was born in the small village of Berezkiny, located in the Orichesky district of the Kirov region. His birthday is March 7, 1940. Early childhood fell on the war years, shortly after the Victory, Viktor Savinykh went to school. He graduated from it, like many other Soviet schoolchildren, at the age of 17. Having received his secondary education, Victor entered the Perm Technical School of Railway Transport, in the diploma of the completion of which the qualification "track technician" was listed.

On the achieved young V.P. Savinykh did not stop and graduated from the institute in 1969 with the qualification "mechanical engineer optician". However, this was not enough for him, so he remained in graduate school at the same educational institution - the Moscow Institute of Engineers of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography. After graduation, he defended his Ph.D. on the topic "Questions of orientation of spacecraft in near-earth orbit."

After another 5 years, a doctoral dissertation was defended, which revealed a topic related to the environmental difficulties of the atmosphere. After that, he decided to start a career as a diplomat, for which he needed to get a diploma. Diplomatic Academy Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Space

Viktor Savinykh began his career back in 1960, working as a foreman in the 60-63 years, served in the ranks of the SA, in

Korolev came to the Design Bureau in 1969. He started his career in this place as an engineer, after 20 years he resigned from the position of the head of the complex.

In 1975, Viktor Savinykh received admission from the Main Medical Commission, on the basis of which three years later - in December 1978 - recommendations were received to enroll a beginner in the detachment. For events of this level, all this happened incredibly quickly. Savinykh himself explains this by the fact that he knew aircraft thoroughly, customized it since its inception. He came to KB even when this project was only on paper, so Viktor Petrovich accompanied him practically from the moment of "conception". The appointment to the post of test cosmonaut was signed in 1978.

Together with the group expected by the Salyut-6 station, he participated in pre-flight preparations until May 1980.

October 1978 - spring 1980 - busy preparing for a test flight on the Soyuz T-2. They successfully passed the exams, however, almost before the start, a message appeared that the ship was two-seater for the flight, so it was taken out of the program.

Quite unexpectedly, he was transferred to another project, so in October-November 1980 he was preparing for another project. After its successful completion, the cosmonaut received the post of flight engineer of the second crew intended for the Soyuz T-3 test flight.

In December 1980, the final preparations for the launch of the Salyut-6 began, which ended in February 81st. In the fifth main expedition, Viktor Savinykh became an onboard engineer for the reserve crew. However, after the exam, the commission decided to transfer him, along with V. Kovalenok, to the prime crew, while Andreev and Zudov moved to the backup crew.

First flight

Viktor Savinykh, an astronaut, was looking forward to his very first flight with special impatience. The start was made on March 12, 1981. His position for 74 days, 17 hours and 37 minutes and 23 seconds, which lasted this flight, was a flight engineer. His call sign during this period was Foton-2. The difference between this flight and most others, including the fact that the start took place in the evening. After takeoff, the astronauts had to big job so they had to rearrange their schedule ahead of time. They went to bed in the morning, waking up when the rest of Muscovites were already getting ready for bed. After the decision on the flight was finally made, it was reported that Viktor was becoming the fiftieth Soviet cosmonaut and No. 100 in international qualifications.

Before the flight, the doctors treated the departing with alcohol as a disinfection. Savinykh recalled how the doctor joked that now they are completely invulnerable to microbes. On this day, Victor wrote letters to his wife and parents. In the envelope, he enclosed a photo in which he is depicted in a spacesuit. The family did not see him in this uniform and could not even think that at this moment he was going to the rocket, that very soon it would be announced about his flight.

After returning to Earth, Savinykh recalled that his colleagues tried very hard to make him laugh, to distract him from the excitement. One of them quite seriously assured that he had put skis in the cargo hold, on which you can run on the space track. These assurances were so serious and detailed that Savinykh could not help smiling.

When reporters asked before the start what they would miss in space, Savinykh replied that he did not know, however this moment it is space that it lacks.

The purpose of the mission was to reactivate the Salyut-6 station, with which communication was lost some time ago. It was inside the "dead" station that Savinykh first tried to fly in zero gravity. Not immediately, but rather quickly, he learned that it was necessary to make a decision about the direction of movement near the plane - at the moment of flight, there was no sense in jerking. Until you reach some surface, nothing can be changed.

Returning from the first flight, the cosmonaut spoke with delight about how beautiful our planet is, that it is impossible to appreciate it so much from the surface. Observing endless sunrises (they can be seen 16 times a day in space), Viktor Petrovich recalled life in the Urals, early mornings with their clean, fresh scent. How could he then assume that he would be looking at his planet from space? Of course, even in the wildest dreams, this did not occur.

With amazement, Savinykh talked about the splendor of flowers revealed from space. made an indelible impression on him, especially since the cosmonauts managed to visit the very center of this phenomenon. Not a single film, according to observers, is capable of reproducing the richness of colors that they were able to observe from space.

Second flight

This was the longest flight of those that fell to the lot of the Savins. The expedition to Salyut-7 lasted about 4 months. The first stage consisted of restoring all station functions. Joint work with Dzhanibekov gave an excellent result: the station's performance was restored. As part of this assignment, Savinykh went into open space. The work outside the ship took 5 hours.

The work plan of the second stage included Vasyutin and Volkov, however, due to Vasyutin's illness, the flight had to be completed ahead of schedule. Savinykh was appointed to the position of crew commander.

This flight lasted a total of 168 days 3 hours 51 minutes 8 seconds.

After returning to Earth, our hero, as an onboard engineer, underwent training on the Mir orbital station, then - for the flight to the Mir OS. In the first case, his crew was backup, in the second - the main one.

Third flight

Viktor Savinykh, cosmonaut number 50 in the country, made his last flight in his career in '88. As a flight engineer from June 7 to 17 he participated in a mission to the Soyuz TM-5 spacecraft.

Two days after the start spaceship docked with which the main fourth expedition worked. The Mir station made a favorable impression on the arrivals. After completing the tasks of the joint flight, the crew returned to Earth. This expedition was unusual in that, together with Soviet cosmonauts, the Mir station received specialists from Bulgaria.

This flight lasted 9 days 20 hours 9 minutes 19 seconds.

Personal life

Victor met a girl who later became a wife while studying at a technical school in Perm. The first thing he noticed was how easily and freely Lilia danced. She herself decided that he would go to see her home, which made the future astronaut very amused. The girl loved sports, was involved in athletics and was an excellent skier, which made her accustomed to attention and thirsty for it. The wife of Viktor Savinykh was born on February 23, 41, her maiden name is Menshikova. Lilia Alekseevna worked as a teacher at the Department of Physical Education at the Moscow Forestry Institute.

Viktor Savinykh, whose childhood family consisted of his parents, himself and his younger brother, raised one daughter, who was born on August 12, 1968. Valentina, who had been proud of her father all her life, did not follow in his footsteps. She became a biologist.

Life after

In 1988, Viktor Petrovich accepted an offer to receive the post of rector. He began to lead the university, where he studied years ago - MIIGAiK. A year later, the cosmonaut's career was officially ended, after which, until 1992, Savinykh was a People's Deputy of the Soviet Union. Viktor Petrovich has been a Doctor of Technical Sciences since 1990.

Today the former cosmonaut is the editor-in-chief of the Russian Space magazine. He - honorable Sir the city of Kirov, where a monument is erected in his honor. In addition, the name of this astronaut was assigned to one of the minor planets.

Awards

For his long career and thanks to his research, the Savinykh received many awards and titles. Several times he became a laureate of various state prizes, a Knight of the Orders of Lenin, "For Merit to the Fatherland", medals "Gold Star", was awarded the medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" and many others. In addition, he repeatedly received the title of hero.

He became a hero of the Soviet Union twice. The titles were awarded to him in 1981 and 1985.

In 1981 he received the title of Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic, seven years later - a similar one in the Bulgarian Republic.

Since 1981 - USSR pilot-cosmonaut.

The Savins' activities were appreciated not only in our country, in Paris he is a member of the International Academy of Astronautics. In addition, he is a member of the International Academy of Engineering and the Academy of Informatics. Since 2006 he is a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Social activity

Viktor Savinykh has always led a very active social life. He was a deputy of the USSR, a member of the committee on ecology, he ran for the Duma of the Russian Federation twice, but both times he did not become the people's chosen one. He is the President of the Swimming Federation, Member of the Presidium of the Society of Philatelists, is an active member of a large number of diverse societies. In 2010, he entered the top three in the list of the Kirov branch of United Russia in the elections to the state assembly. In 2011 he was elected a deputy.

Hobbies

Even during his studies, the Savinykh became addicted to skiing, then became interested in fishing, hunting, tennis and became addicted to alpine skiing. Now, despite his busy work schedule, Viktor Petrovich tries to devote as much time as possible to sports and hobbies so as not to lose physical shape.

Although the former cosmonaut lives in Moscow today, he tries to come to his native Vyatka every year to go to the forest, to fish on the banks of the river familiar from childhood.

Publications

Viktor Petrovich is the author of the books "The Earth waits and hopes", written in 1983, "Notes from a dead station", completed in 1999, "Geography from space", created in 2000, and "Vyatka. Baikonur. Cosmos ”, which the cosmonaut was engaged in in 2002 and 2010.