Chapter 2 German occupation mode on the territory

Military political activities of Ukrainian nationalists in the Crimea of \u200b\u200bthe activities of Ukrainian nationalists during the Second World War are devoted to many works. In relation to interest in their organizations, both from historians and propagandists,

Embossed essay

§ 5. Civil War in the West: Bandpovistan movement on the liberated territory of the USSR and the struggle with it one of the most severe and long-term consequences of the German occupation was a surge of a bandpopovistant movement in the Western territories of the USSR. Nazi

The inflexible courage of Soviet people was manifested in the fight against fascism during the Great Patriotic War in the Crimea. Heroically fought with the German-fascist invaders of the Crimean partisans, showing a selfless devotion to their socialist homeland.
The organizers of the partisan and underground struggle were the Crimean Obmah, the city committees and district schools, which, fulfilling the instructions of the Central Committee, were tremended by the formation of partisan detachments and underground groups. By early November 1941, 29 partisan detachments were created on the peninsula. The Bureau of the Crimean Committee of the Party appointed commander of the partisan movement of a participant in the civil war A. V. Mokrousov, Commissioner - secretary of the Simferopol City Council S. V. Martynova. Partisan detachments were headed by the secretaries of the towns and district schools, party, Soviet and Komsomol workers 3. F. Amelinov, V. A. Bolotova, V. G. Yeremenko, I. N. Kazakov, E. D. Kiselev, A. A. Litvinenko , N. D. Lugovoy, V.I. Nikanorov, V. I. Filippov, V. I. Black; Economic executives M. A. Macedonsky, M. I. Chub; Commanders of the Red Army D. I. Aerkin, B. B. Gorovikov, G. L. Seversky, F. I. Fedorenko and others.

Almost in full, Biyuk-Onlarsky, Zui, Ichkinsky, Karasubazar, Starokremsky district schools remained in the enemy rear.
In November 1941, soldiers, commander and political workers were joined in the ranks of partisans, which, covering the waste of Soviet troops to Sevastopol, were in the fascist rear. It was mainly the fighters and officers of the 184th rifle and the 48th separate cavalry divisions, parts of the marine infantry.
The territory of the dislocation of partisan detachments was divided into five districts. The heads of them were A. A. Satsyuk (1st District - Starocrym Forests), I. G. Genov (2nd area - Zui and Belogorsky forests), G. L. Seversky (3rd area - Forests of the State Register), I. M. Bortnikov (4th district - the surroundings of Yalta), V. V. Krasnikov (5th district - the neighborhood of Sevastopol). Partisan detachments were also based in the area of \u200b\u200bKerch, in Adzhimushki and Starokarantinian quarries. It was essentially the 6th area, which was headed by I. I. Pakhomov. The overall leadership of the detachments carried out the headquarters of the partisan movement in Crimea, headed by A. V. Mokrousov.
From the first days of occupation, the Crimean partisans launched active fighting. When there were battles near Sevastopol and on the Kerch Peninsula, they provided all-possible assistance among the parts of the Red Army. Making sabotage on highways and railways, attacking enemy garrisons, collecting reconnaissance data, closer to victory.
For the first period of the partisan struggle, which ended with the end of the heroic defense of Sevastopol, the detachments of the people's avengers destroyed over 12 thousand soldiers and opponent officers.
In the summer of 1942, when the Nazis fully occupied the Crimea, the position of the partisan was significantly complicated. Given the important strategic importance of the peninsula, the Hitler's command concentrated large military forces here. Enemy garrisons stood in almost every location. Actively collaborated with invaders in their repeated attempts
Destroy the partisan detachments of local nationalist elements and other renegades. But when the peninsula became a deep rear, the fascists failed to pay off the flame of the People's War. Part of the partisans to solve the regional committee of the party was transferred to the city and villages - to help underground workers. The remaining in the forests continued to work on enemy communications.
By the fall of 1943, the number of fighters in the partisan detachments increased significantly. Residents of villages, underground workers, prisoners of war, liberated by patriots from concentration camps, left the forest. In this, third, period of the partisan movement in the Crimean forests, there were 33 detachments united in 7 brigades. On January 15, 1944, the number of Crimean partisans was 3733 people: Russians - 1944 (52%), Crimean Tatars - 598 (16%), Ukrainians - 348 (9%), Georgians - 134 (3.6%), Armenians - 69 (1.8%).
At the new stage of the fight against the occupiers, which takes more and wide range, in Moscow, it was decided to create the Crimean headquarters of the partisan movement.
The overall management of partisans and underground activities carried out the regional underground center, which from August 1943 he headed the secretary of the Crimean Committee of the Party P. R. Yampolsky.In November, he informed the head of the headquarters of the partisan movement to the first secretary of the Committee of the Party V. S. Bulatov: "The enemy evaluates the partisan movement in the Crimea in this period as the third front on the Crimean Peninsula ... Infantry without tanks, guns, artillery and mortars against us now goes ... "
During this period, the partisans defeated major enemy garrisons in the zea, in the villages of Sorokino, flower, general, and mint, goalube. Constantly combat operations on railways. On the night of September 9-10, 1943, the sabotage groups simultaneously blew up rails on several sites, they were allowed to sleep enemy's enemy. As a result, the movement on the railways of the Crimea ceased for five days.
The Military Council of the North-Caucasian Front and the command of a separate seaside army was provided to the Military Council of the Crimean Partisans. Ammunition, food, medicines were regularly delivered to the forest. On team posts in the detachments, a group of combat commanders of the Red Army was sent.
In early 1944, three partisan compounds were formed in Crimea; Northern headed P. R. Yampolsky, South - M. A. Macedonian, East - V. S. Kuznetsov.
Winter and spring 1944 - the period of the most active hostilities of the Crimean partisans. In total during the war, the patriots were destroyed and over 33,000 enemy soldiers and officers were captured, destroyed 79 military echelons, 2 armored tickets, dozens of flavors of fuel and ammunition, blew 3 railway bridges, captured a lot of trophies.
During the preparation of the Crimean offensive operation, the northern compounds were controlled by the promotion of the enemy on the roads of Simferopol - Alushta and Simferopol - Belogorsk. The southern joint operated in the Yalta area, on the highway Simferopol - Bakhchisarai - Sevastopol. And on April 1944, the partisans together with the Soviet troops took part in the liberation of Simferopol, Yalta, Bakhchisaraya, Belogorsk, Zui and other settlements of the peninsula.
From the very beginning of the German occupation of the Crimea, in the fall of 1941 many residents of Simeiza We went to the mountains and became the participants of the Yalta partisan detachment. In the autumn of 1942, several landings on the shore were made by sailors of the Black Sea Fleet. Many residents of the village died from the hands of the occupiers who practiced violence with the civilian population in response to partisans. The Red Army liberated Simeiz on April 16, 1944. In May 1943 in Simeiz An underground patriotic group was organized led by G S. Leonenko. It consisted of V. M. Devishva, L. A. Ermakovother (Crimean Obrupartarhiv, f. 1, op. 24, d. 375, LL. 61, 62.). They delivered the "Red Crimea" newspaper, partisan leaflets and distributed them among the population. The receipt of the radio receiver, the patriots took the sumptures of the Sovinform Bureau, rewritten them. From undergrounders, the residents of the village learned about the situation on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The underground participants supported close ties with the partisans, carried out their tasks until the arrival of the Red Army.
Liberation from fascist slavery brought the workers of the Crimea Spring 1944. On April 16, the troops of the 16th Rifle Corps of a separate seaside army arrived in Simeiz under the command of Major General K.I. Provivoov and the 26th Motorized Brigade of the 19th Tank Corps under the command of Colonel A. P. Khrapovitsky. The rapid offensive of the Soviet troops and the agreed actions of the partisans were deprived of the enemy the ability to completely destroy the village. On the main avenue of Simeiza, where the population met the liberators, red banners saved by the pioneer L. Yermakov (now L. A. Ermakov operates a doctor in Simeiz). The many residents of Simeiza, who bravely fought with a hate enemy on the front, artillery Guard Sergeant N. T. Vasilchenko awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The fighting path was a scientist-astronomer Simeiza I. G. Moiseev. He courageously fought against the enemy in the partisan detachments of Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, participated in the Slovak uprising of 1944, fought for the liberation of Czechoslovakia. In November 1967, a monument to 15 Simeizs, who died in the Great Patriotic War was established in the center of the village. Considerable contribution was made to the fight against the Hitler's invaders undergrounders. They led political and propaganda work among the population. They committed sabotage, transferred to partisans and command of the Red Army intelligence data on the location and actions of the enemy's troops.
From October to December 1941, the activities of the underground and patriotic groups were led to the Stem Center headed by the Bureau of the Crimean Region I. A. Kozlov, experienced conspirator, party member since 1905
The underground center was in Kerch; After the liberation of the city by the landing parts in early 1942 he was legalized. In April 1942, the Commissioner for the underground cases of the Crimean Committee of the Party was appointed I. Genov, and in October 1942 the regional underground party center was established, which included I. G. Genov and N. D. Lugovoy. From August 1943, the work of under-patriotic groups organized and directed the underground party center headed by P. R. Yampolsky. E. P. Stepanov, E. P. Stepanov, N. D. Lugova and others. Only 220 underground organizations operated in the Crimea during the time occupation. There were over 2500 people in their ranks.
Motherland highly appreciated the feats of Crimean partisans and underground workers. April 13, Simferopol was released. After the liberation of the entire Crimea, a representative of the Supreme Commander's Betting, Marshal Vasilevsky signed an idea of \u200b\u200bthe assignment of the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union the most famous partisan commanders: A. Vakhtina, N. Dementiev, G. Georgian, V. Kuznetsov, M. Macedonsky, Fedorenko. Over 3000 patriots are awarded government awards. A. A. Voloshinov, N. M. Leastnikova, A. F. Zyabrev, V. K. Efremov, P. D. Silnikov, N. I. Tereshchenko (all posthumously), V. I. Babi, and . N. Kuratim, V.I. Nikanorov, G. L. Seversky, M. I. Chub and others. The head of the Sevastopol underground organization V. D. Revyakin is posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Bains Ivan StepanovichFor participation in the partisan movement in Crimea, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Medals "Partiz of Patriotic War", "For the defense of Sevastopol ». Motyain Ivan Ermolaevich. For participation in the partisan movement in Crimea was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Order of the Red Star: Barybkin Feodora Evdokimovna, Grishko Mikhail Davidovich, Leonova Galina Ivanovna, Leonov Fedor Konstantinovich, wheat Dmitry Mikhailovich, Podtochilina Lydia Andreevna, Zhigarev Vladimir Semenovich, Yevgeny Petrovich, Tyuterev Kuzma Romanovich.
Chub Mikhail Ilyich, Commander of the partisan detachment. For participation in the partisan movement in the Crimea was awarded the Order of Lenin . Tyuterev Kuzma Romanovich. For participation in the partisan movement in the Crimea, the medal "Partiz of Patriotic War" II degree, the Order of the Hall Sign in September 1943 and the Order of the Rusk Star in July 1944
The last reward was made by order of the head of the Belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement number 435 already 07/25/46. In accordance with this, by order a medal "Partiz of Patriotic War", another hundred forty-five former Crimean partisans were awarded
Working with archival documents, the author revealed a kind "Partisan Guard": thirty-seven people who had four government awards. Even with a fluent study of the list, it is striking that there are no such legendary personalities as Fedorenko, Serma, Kadyiv, Muratov ...
It is explained by the fact that the two first went to the front, two others were deported and therefore the subsequent awards did not touch them.
Given the fact that the medal "For the defense of Sevastopol" is not awarded for his status
The manifestation of personal courage, and the entire composition of the parts of the army, aviation and the fleet, which took part in the defense of the city. The medal "Partiz of the Patriotic War" de facto also acquired similar status, you can make a sad conclusion that fifty-six of the best of the best Crimean partisans, those who passed the whole epic from November 1941 to April 1944 were awarded only one or two combat Awards each. From this glorious cohort today is only one of them - the former commander of the 6th partisan detachment of the Southern Union Nikolay Dementiev, who presented to the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union and did not receive it undeservedly. I want to believe that the awards will still find their heroes.

Monument to Yalta partisans installed on Ai-Petri
The fraternal grave of the partisan of the Yalta squad, who died in battle with the Germans on December 13, 1941.
The inscription on the monument reads: "People's Avengers-partisans of the Crimea who gave life to the fight against fascist invaders in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945
Monument to partisans and undergrounders Crimea
On May 9, 1978, in Simferopol on the Kyiv Street, in front of the Mir cinema building, a monument to partisans and underground workers was opened (the authors - the sculptor N. D. Soloschenko, architect E. V. Popov). At a high pedestal - a sculptural composition depicting two patriots. One of them is wounded, but supported by a comrades in arms, remains in the ranks. The monument symbolizes the unreleased courage of Soviet people, which are in the fight against fascism, their dedication to their socialist homeland.

The monument to the partisans in the old Crimea was built in 1961.

On the edges, memorial plates made of white marble in the form of shields, the inscription: "April 1944. Your names will always live in the hearts of Soviet people!" In the square, older underground workers and partisans who died on the eve of the liberation of the old Crimea were buried, and the rabusers were reburied on the mountain .
Live in the memory of people the names of the commander of the partisan group, a former teacher of mathematics of the old school of high school, Communist N. I. Hod, young patriots, yesterday's schoolchildren. The older squad opened his military account in the fall of 1941 in the late October 1943. In almost full, the youth underground group was gone. He headed her Georgy (Yuri) Stoyanov. Jewish undergrounders - fearless, daring, elusive - made themselves to the locations of the enemy parts; They did not miss any transportation worn, looked, believed, remembered. And then the partisan forest delivered valuable intelligence. In the partisan forest, young undergrounders amounted to the combat core of the Komsomolsk and youth detachment named after the Lenin Komsomol. The commander of him was a young Officer of the Red Army A. A. Vakhitin. In January 1944, the death of the hero fell in a battle on the mountain Burer of the favorite detachment of Jura Stanov, in March - April, the Nazis grabbed and killed in the Benches of I. I. Davydov, the Mitu brothers and the Thoms of Stoyanov.
Partizan Day and Underground - Memore Date in Russia, which is celebrated on June 29, starting in 2010. The day of partisans and underground workers will be marked with memorable events.
Installed by the State Duma of Russia in March 2009 on the initiative and Central Committee of the CPSU (b) party, Soviet, trade union and Komsomol organizations to create partisan detachments and sabotage groups to combat German troops.
Medal "Parisan of the Great Patriotic War" established. The author of the drawing of the medal is the artist N. I. Moskalev, the drawing is taken from the unfulfilled project of the medal "25 years of the Soviet Army".
As is well known from historical documents, the actions of the partisans and the work of the underground workers played great importance in the successful outcome of the Great Patriotic War. In the rear of the enemy, in total, more than one million partisans - men, women and children. Currently, many documents telling about the true feat of partisans and underground workers during the war years are still stored in state archives under the vulture "Top Secret." Perhaps the introduction of this "military" memorable date will serve as a reason for the research and the opening of unknown pages of partisan glory. And it is undoubted that the institution of the Day of Partizan and underground workers became a tribute to deep respect for the lives and feat of people, thanks to which in 1945 the Motherland was liberated. On this day, many memorable events are held throughout the country to the monuments of the victims during the Great Patriotic War and other memorials. Also celebrate now living veterans, partisans and underground workers who operated in the enemy's rear.

Large Yalta was freed from the fascist invaders on April 16, 1944. Partisans and undergrounders, all of them - young and adults, doctors and workers, fragile girls and severe men - closed each of us, gave us peace and a bright sky above their heads.

Sources
1. Brushevn V.M. Crimean headquarters of the partisan movement, 2001. - 101 c. 2. GARARK. - F.151, OP.1, D.197, L. 28. 3. Lugovoy N.D. Strada Partizanskaya: 900 days in the rear of the enemy. Simferopol: Elinho, 2004. 4. Arunan L.E.- Teacher of the history and law of Simeiz UHC.

Crimean partisans

The expanses of the Crimean Peninsula entail people from all over the world with their beauty and charm. And the lonely monuments of Potals remind us that it was not always so quiet here. 70 years ago, the Great Patriotic War ended, but in the memory of the people she will remain forever. As the memory of the partisans and the undergrounders of the Crimea will remain forever.

On October 25, 1941, the fascists broke through Soviet defensive barriers and entered the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. Back in August 1941, it was decided to form partisan detachments from the multinational Crimean population - these were doctors and teachers, winemakers, workers, and 10 thousand were joined. demoralizedmilitary. Many had to refuse illness or by age. Such people were left in cities for underground work and for communication with the forest.

October 23, 1941 was created Crimea headquarters, headquarters head became Colonel A.V. Mokrousov, Commissioner - S. V. Martynov.

The fascists have already occupied Simferopol when the partisans only came to the places of their deployment. From the memories of Seversky George Leonidovich, the head of the 3rd partisan district: "80% of the population did not profit at the place of dislocation of the partisan district. For unknown reasons, dozens of prescribed political workers, commanders and hundreds of fighters did not arrive. Militia workers, fire team "did not appear.

Through the forests in November 1941, they made themselves to Sevastopol retreating our parts, units. More than a thousand sailors and soldiers joined the partisans. They brought weapons.

As of November 10, 1941, 5 partisan districts were created in Crimea, 27 partisan detachments; As of November 20, 1941, 28 partisan detachments, which consisted of 3734 people (of which 1316 servicemen). It is thanks to patriotic tuned fighters that the partisan movement of the Crimea was formed.

In the hard-to-reach places of the Crimean Mountains of the Yalta district, Burle - Kos, the sigh was held the battles of the Crimean partisans with German-Romanian troops. Participants of those events that, unfortunately, are no longer alive, but their memories and stories remain in the memory of new generations: Ivan Nergovic, Ilya Zakharovich Vergasov, Nikolai Ivanovich Dementiev, Andrei Andreyevich Sermul.

In November 1941, enemy detachments with appliances reached out to the deposited Sevastopol. The partisans opposed the invasion of the enemy: undermined cars, attacked small enemy groups, bridges exploded, forcing the enemy to act only during the day.

From the memories of Dementieva Nikolai Ivanovich,the commander of the 6th squad of the 4th Brigade of the Southern Union, which was the way from the ordinary to the commander: We attacked small groups, 7-8 people, beat in the center of the fascist column, watched this 2-3 minutes and went into the forest. "

Vergasov Ilya Zakharovichhe told how the bars were made, what losses were German, and I would gladly report: "And we have no losses!"

From the combat reports of those years: "1 passenger car destroyed, 1 motorcycle, 15 German officers." "Were in sabotage, let the train with a technique coming from Simferopol in Sevastopol."

Such lightning events brought success because immediately the partisans went to the forest, where the invaders were afraid to go. The German-Romanian command understood that without experienced conductors, it was impossible to fight with the guerrillas. Therefore, the service for the Germans went "Local". Immediately the food warehouses were destroyed, 70-80% of food hidden in cache. (Ch. 5. "Food Losses"). At the first collisions, the partisans lost 40-45 people killed and up to 20 disappeared.

Already in December 1941, hunger began in partisan detachments. From the local population, the Germans have formed voluntary punitive detachments that blocked the exit partisans to settlements. Pocked partisans due to the mined food as a result of the operation. First of all, food was given to the wounded and sick partisans.

From the memories of N.I. Dementieva: "5 days have not spruce, except for the lime bark. In some places there were chairs of fruit wild trees. We have grown snow, harvested apples, pears and brewed tea from Kizyl's roots. But when you drink it for a long time, then a man has swollen, and then dying. " To somehow quench the hunger, the partisans cooked leather belts, ate moss and leaves of trees. And one day from Romanian stables managed to hurt horses. One scored directly on the edge and drunk her blood, because they could not reach the parking lot. There were people in the camp who had no strength to score a horse and cook their meals. The combined efforts were bleeding the most weakened partisans. Only in the morning people were able to climb their feet. The strongest fighters were spawned a boiled conine on units. "

Military historians argue that military losses were the same as from hunger. But not only hunger, the Germans were experiencing partisans, but also sent traitors, and sometimes nothing implied adolescents, followed by surveillance. Partisans did not forgive traitors and shot in place. The Germans also, if they came across partisans, used all types of torture, and then shot.

Nemen's bet on the multinational composition of the population of the Crimea and the desire to unleash interethnic conflicts did not bring due results. This is a lot of confirmations. And one of them - in the Crimean forests, where Russian (Rhoze), Crimean Tatar (Appazov) and Greek (Spay), killed in battle 25.10, 1943 lie in the Crimean forests. They remained the faithful sons of their homeland.

And how many graves in the Crimean mountains, the unknown soldiers are resting under the ground, who turned out to be in the Crimean Earth. The partisans were told that there were cases when the Germans fused the forests with dogs and shot at random. They fell into partisans or soldiers, sailors who only came to the squad, and nobody knew them. They were simply laid by stones or betrayed the earth without any identification signs. So they lie in the land of 72 years, and their relatives are waiting for that someday, someone finds out where their ancestor is buried.

On the territory of the eastern part of the mountain Crimea, the take-off stripes were cleared, where airplanes were driving and from where they were evacuated by the wounded and patients on the big land.

In May 1943, the bosses were replaced: Mokrusov flew away, his foreheads changed him, his foreheads flew away, left Seversky, but then he flew away. "The bosses changed, and we, ordinary," plow "." Under these conditions, all the severity of the partisan war lay on ordinary fighters.

A handful of exhausted people, brought to the limit of human strength, induced fear and horror on the fatal anti-war.

April arrived in 1944. Germans retired and Romanians, they left those who participated in punitive operations against the Soviet people. And the partisan detachments began to be replenished at the expense of the policemen who wanted to redeem their guilt with blood. They fought in the German military uniform with Russian weapons.

During the Crimean offensive operation, Crimean partisans had considerable assistance to the advancing Soviet troops. From November 1, 1941 to April 16, 1944, Crimean Soviet partisans and underground workers held 3226 shares against troops, communications and enemy facilities (including 252 battle, 1632 diversions and communications operations, 349 ambuses and attacks, 163 diversions and railways operations, 824 attacks on motor vehicles and summies); undermined, they were allowed to sleep and burned 79 echelons and 2 armored trains (total, 48 steam locomotives and 947 wagons and platforms were destroyed); destroyed 29383 soldiers and police officers (and another 3872 captured); Three railway stations, three power plants, two radio stations, 25 military warehouses, three railway and 52 highway bridges, 112.8 km of telephone cable and 6.6 km power lines; 13 tanks, 3 armored car, 211 guns, 1940 cars, 83 carts. On the side of the Soviet partisans from Lukyanov's detachment, a group of Slovak soldiers passed. In addition, they captured 201 cars, 40 tractors, 2627 horses, 542 wagons, 17 guns, 250 machine guns, 254 automaton, 5415 rifles, ammunition and other military property. They also beat off 1019 cattle heads, 6661 sheep and 609 tons of food.

In addition, the Crimean partisans were engaged in propaganda and agitation: they settled the release of the "Crimean partisan" newspaper, as well as distributed leaflets and summaries of Sovinformbüro (only from November 1941 to November 1943, the partisans of the Crimea were released and spread at least 6,500 leaflets of various names).

Over 3 thousand partisans and underground workers (including 1500 participants of the partisan movement) were awarded the orders and medals of the USSR, the head of the Sevastopol underground V. D. Revyakin awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Scientific and reference

• P. V. Makarov. Partisans of Tavria. M., Milivdat, 1960. - 383 p., Ill.
• In the rear of the enemy. Flyers of party organizations and partisans of the period of the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945. M., 1962.
• Crimea in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union 1941-1945. Simferopol, 1963.
• Crimea in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: Sat. documents and materials. Simferopol, 1973.
• Partisan traffic in the occupied regions of the RSFSR // Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945. Encyclopedia / Ed. M. M. Kozlova. -M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1985. - P. 536-539. - 500,000 copies.
• A. V. Basov. Crimea in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. M., "Science", 1987.

Memories of participants of the partisan movement

• S. I. Bezsky. Partisans: Scout Notes. Simferopol, Crimezdat, 1959. - 214 pp.
• E. P. Melnik. Road to underground (notes). Simferopol, Crimezdat, 1961. - 315 p., Ill.
• E. P. Stepanov. Partisan trails. Memories of the participant of the partisan movement in the Crimea during the Great Patriotic War. Simferopol, Crimezdat, 1961. - 308 p., Ill.
• I. G. Genov. Four years of year: Diary of partisan. M., Milivdat, 1969. - 176 p., Ill.
• M. A. Macedonian. The flame over the Crimea (memories of the commander of the southern joint of the Crimea partisan detachments). 3rd ed., Per. and add. Simferopol, 1969. - 304 pp.
• I. A. Kozlov. In the Crimean underground (memories). M., "Fiction", 1972. - 480 p., Ill.
• V. I. Jergejak, A. Kuznetsov. Special partisan-sabotage. 2nd ed. Kiev, politicization of Ukraine, 1977. - 206 pp.

1941-1945

From the head of the leadership of the leadership of the partisan movement in the Crimea, the commander of the North Caucasus Front S.M. Budyonny about the combat activities of partisans from November 1, 1941 to July 1942.

(ORFography and punctuation are saved)

The Crimean Committee of the WCP (b) was entrusted with the city and district committees of the WCP (b) to produce a set of volunteers in partisan detachments, which in case of occupation by the Germans of the Crimea should go to the forest and act in the rear of the fascists. Along with this, the Commissar of the Internal Affairs of the Crimean ASSR is entrusted to produce a set of sabotage groups to leaving them in the rear of the occupiers.

Shortly thereafter, the secretary of OK VKP (b) Crimea t. Bulatov ordered T. Mokrousov to outline the scheme of the organization, location and combat activities of the detachments. In addition, the Obco obliged the Commissar of the Interior, district and city committees of the party to prepare food and uniforms, bring it all into the forest and to fun there. The base, from where volunteers came from, served fighter battalions, party and Soviet asset.

The number of partisans was determined by geographic conditions, i.e. The size of the forest area was taken, which would be able to more or less safely cover the partisans. It was assumed that in the Crimean forests could accommodate and actively act from 5,000 to 7,500 people. From this calculation, the plan for the delivery of food, uniforms and weapons was built. It was assumed that the Germans would not last on May in the Crimea, so the plan of the zoom was built for six months: November-April.

The partisans should go to the forest from all areas and cities, except for the districts of Leninsky, Mayak-Sali and Kerch, who should remain in the Kerch Peninsula Quantity. According to the plan, the Crimean forests were divided into five districts: the 1st area of \u200b\u200bthe East Forest Edge - Ortalan, Kapsikhor; District Ortalan-Kappsikhor, Sighway Road Simferopol-Alushta.

3rd area of \u200b\u200bthe highway Simferopol-Alushta road, Mangush exclusively Gurzuf. 4th District Mangush Gurzuf, Biyuk-Karaleis, Mukhalatka. 5th area from this line to the Western Border of the Forest. In the 1st area, food should be based and placed detachments: Feodosia, Kirovsky district, Old Crimea and Sudak.

The 2nd area is scheduled for the districts of Ichka, Kolay, Seitler, Dzhankka, Biyuk-Onlar, Karasubazar, Zuya.

The 3rd area is two Simferopolsky district of urban, Simferopolsky rural, Alushta, Evpatoria, Telmansky, a detachment from the NKVD staff 4th district - Bakhchisarai, Krasno-Perekopsky, Larindorf, Yalta, Ak-Shaikh, Ak-Moody, Kuibyshevsky.

5th District - Sevastopol, Balaklava, Frajdorf and Saksky. Total should arrive 29 detachments. At the end of October, the Commander of the CCP (b) approved: the commander of the partisan movement of the Crimea T. Mokrousov, Commissioner of the secretary of the Simferopol GK VKP (b) t. Martynova, headquarters of Major Smetanin, head of the first district of T. Satsyuk, Commissioner of the Secretary of the Sudaksky RK, KVP (b ) T. Osmanova, headquarters chief - Captain Zakharevich; Head of the Second District, T. Genova, Commissioner of the secretary of the Dzhankiy RK, VKP (b) T. Fruzlova, Head of Staff T. Makal; Head of the Third Area of \u200b\u200bArt. Seversky Political Arms, Commissar of the Secretary of the Central RK CPS (b) of Simferopol, t. Nikarkorova, Head of Staff, t. Seleznev;

head of the fourth district T Bortnikov, Commissioner of the secretary of the Yalta RK VKPB) t. Selimova, Head of the headquarters, t. Vergasova; Head of the fifth district of T. Krasnikova, Commissioner T. Sobolev, Head of Staff, t. Ivanhenko. Commanders and Commissars of the detachments argued the Golk farms and the District Republic of WCP (b).

By November 1, the detachments in the amount of 24 arrived in the forest and took areas marked by heads of districts. In the forest, the detachments were not profit: Red-Perepopsky, Larindorf, Frajdorf and Kuibyshevsky, a detachment of workers of the NKVD, instead of which the commandant platoon of the headquarters came in the amount of 20 people, staffed from prison workers. From the comrades approved by the OK VKP (b), did not appear on the reasons for the reasons of Sobolev, Fluslov, Osmanov, Selimov, Zekira, the place of which were appointed: in the 1st area - Vasilenko, Vasilenko district, In the 2nd district - the regimental commissioner Popov, the head of the headquarters instead of Makal was appointed colonel t. Lobov, in the 4th district Commissioner Amelinov. The number in the detachments was from 100 to 150 people. Subsequently, it was formed from the remnants of military units and single groups of the Red Army who remained in the forest in the forest and the compatibility compatibility of three detachments - Gorudovikov, Kurakova, Ahedinova with a number of 100 -120 people in a detachment. In addition, the remaining detachments were also replenished at the expense of groups and single servicemen. As a result, in November, partisan detachments were 27 with a total number of 3456 people.

As can be seen from the above, the main mass was not military. As mentioned above, detachments did not come to the forest: Red-Perekopsky, Frejdorf and Larindorf and a detachment of workers of the NKVD. November 2, Greenberg led to Yalta Telmansky squad, and Krasnikov dismissed the Sakian detachment, which went to Sevastopol, explaining this decomposition of the detachment. Fled from the forest, but then the Commissioner of the 1st District of Osmanov, Commissioner of the Seitler Detachment Puzakin, Karasubazar Commissar, Kaplun Commissar, did not return the commander of the Seitler detachment of Evstafyev.

Part of people left the Seitler detachment, which was soon replenished by the military. Vereshchagin is appointed commander of the detachment. In November-December, desertion took a threatening character. During this period, 891 people were deserted, mostly Tatars. In total, July 1942 deserted about 1 (200 people mainly from the 5th, 4th, 3rd and 1st districts. The causes of desertion were in the unstoppacy of some elements, a sharp transition of the Tatar population to the fascists, the desire of some Connect with the Red Army (Sevastopol detachment, Feodosia - Commissioner Yakubovsky, Kirovsky - Commander Aldarov, beginning. Staff Panarin).

A terrible phenomenon in the life of partisans was hunger. As mentioned above, the factory testament was planned for six months. In fact, it was brought more, but as a result of many reasons, many foods did not have time to take out of transshipments into the forest, and it fell into the hands of the fascists or was disassembled by the local population, and those products were enraged, and mostly looted by the fascists. The traitors were helped in this, mainly from the Tatars who participated in transportation and basing. The 5th, 4th and 3rd areas were most affected.

The 5th area, the base of which were on the Mekenziev mountains and in the area of \u200b\u200bthe village Aitodor, lost the base in the first days, as soon as the fascists came there. Soon the same fate suffered the 4th and 3rd areas. By January, all the detachments, except for Evpatoria and Ak-Moshetsky, did not have the bases, were fed at the expense of wild animals of the reserve, horses and captured products from the local opposite population, and sometimes received from collective farmers (der. Varnishes). All attempts to seize food from the opponent did not have success, for the reason that the transportation of troops, food and ammunition was carried out and is now performed under strong security, often with the participation of tanks or wedges.

There were hundreds of cases when the partisans could not take anything from the boves of cars or wagons, because the partisans groups were attacked by the convoy groups or groups that quickly arrived at the place of attack from the nearest garrisons. The difficulty of mining food in the surrounding villages was that the detachments are surrounded by the Tatar villages, and the Tatar population was hostile to partisans and armed by the Germans.

In Russian or other villages, it was difficult to penetrate, and especially to take out products, because in all villages there were garrisons and there were detachments of local fascists.

Sevastopol (Deputy People's Commissar of the NKVD Crimea T. Smirnov) knew through the radio of Krasnikov and through a living connection, about hunger in the partisan detachments, but did not take measures, and only after Seversky wrote t. Oktyabrsky, then in April 1942 Began to submit a small amount of products. Other areas were in a better position, but many of the sequels were half agotha, and they were saved by the fact that the products began to discount in early March.

We asked the Military Council of the Caucasian, and then the Crimean Front reset the products Seversky, we were promised, but this was not until the end of April. As a result of all this, 250 people died in three districts, and this contributed to desertion. Despite the difficulties experienced by the partisans, the surroundings of the local fascists, the presence of large garrisons, enhanced road protection, the detachments were actively actively, except for the landing group Selikhov, which was splashing in the tail. In addition to many fights in the forest, as well as for the villages of Cowos, Ortalan, Baksan and Suuk-Su, the detachments were held 631 operations, including 124 food, soldiers and officers of 7984, cargo cars 787, passenger 36, small messengers (15- 20 wagon) - 31, wedges 3, motorcycles 23, tank truck 22, tractors 6, Two military railway echelon blown up, blown up 25 bridges, damaged railway canvas 400 meters, cut the cable 40 km., Shot of fascists and different traitors 441 people.

Our losses: killed - 341 people wounded - 241 people, disappeared - 110 people. Due to the fact that the archives of the central headquarters are buried in the forest, it does not allow to describe the combat activity of each detachment now, so we are forced to limit the total data.

For 8 m-tsev, several mergers of detachments were produced, as well as the offset and movement of the command and political composition. Were shifted for intact, cowardice, etc. Acmplazzani and Commissioner of the 1st District of Satseuk and Vyzhkov; Head of the 5th District of Krasnikov; Commander of the Zui squad Litvinenko; commander and commissioner of the Karasubazar detachment Timokhin and Kaplun; Shot for decomposition and desertion of the commander of the Kirov detachment of Aldarov; Offed Commissioner of the 2nd Popov District; Commander of the Evpatoria squad of Kalashnikov; Commander of the 1st Simferopol Detachment of Soldatchenko; Sutieler Commissioner Puzakin; The commander of the 1st Simferopol detachment is translated into ordinary, and then appointed headquarters of the 4th district headquarters. Shot across the verdribunal sentence for the murder of a wounded fighter, the murder of two lieutenants and for disarmament and unaccepting 15 redarmeys in his detachment, subsequently killed by Romanians, the commander of the Kolasky squad of Gubarev and the Step Commissioner.

Shot Chief of Staff of the 5th district of Ivanhenko, who switched to the service in Gestapo; The head of the 2nd Genov District is shifted by the Kavel Military Council. Replaced by Major General Averkina Head of the 4th Struitsky District; Offed by the NKVD Crimea Commissioner Biyuk-Onlara Feldman detachment. In connection with the appointment of Gorudovikov and Furik, the head of the 1st district of Mokrous, Commissioner Ponomarenko, moved to the detachment. Subsequently, displacements were moved due to the liquidation of the 4th and 5th regions, as well as in connection with the merger of units for the small number of ICC, with Kolay, Zui and Seitler. The best detachments should be considered:

Feodosia - commander Mokrous, Ponomarenko Commissioner; Detacar of Gorodovikova, Dzhanki squad - commander Ryumshin, slander commissar; Icchinsky - Commander Chub, Commissioner of the Bed; Carakova Detachment 4th Krasnoarmeysky; Alushta - Commander Ivanov, Commissioner Eremenko; Yaltasky - the commander was Krivoshta, Commissioner Kucher; Krasnoarmeysky - Asedinsky commander, Commissioner Suinchenko; Bakhchisarai - Commander Macedonian, Commissioner Black; 2nd Simferopol - Commander Chussi, Commissioner Tretyak; Zui squad - Kamensky commander, Komissar Lugovaya stands in the first place due to the population, for exploration and food, as well as the detachments of Chuba and Kurakov. Of all the detachments, the worst of all 1st Krasnoarmeysky is the commander of Smirnov, Commissioner Polyansky. 4th Krasnoarmeysky - Commander of NEOV, Commissioner Sidorov. These two detachments are formed from the landing group Selikhov.

Currently, in connection with the abolition of the 4th and 5th regions, as well as the merger of some detachments, the number of detachments and the number of fighters is: 1st District - Head of the Chub district, Commissioner Furik, detachments 4, Number 517 people 1) Krasnoarmeysky № 2 - Commander Isaev, Commissioner Swinoboev, 2) Karasubazarsky - Commander Zaretsky, Commissioner Kamansky, 3) Kirovsky - Commander Pozvayev, Commissioner Kryukov, 4) Theodosian - where Sudaksky - commander Mokrous, Commissioner Ponomarenko.

The 2nd district is the head of the Kurakov district, Vrid. Commissioner meadow, detachments 7, total number of 950 people, 1) Dzhanki squad, commander Schashlyk, Commissar Kiselev, 2) Krasnoarmeysky number 4 - Commander Mitko, Commissioner Sidorov, 3) Krasnoarmeysky № 3 - Commander Baranovsky, Commissioner Egorov, 4) Krasnoarmeysky number 1, Commander Smirnov, Commissioner Polyansky, 5) Ichkano-Kolaysh, - Commander Yuriev, Commissioner Bain, 6) Zui - Commander Kamensky, Commissar of the Brainstorm, 7) Biyuk-Onlarsky - Solovy Commander, Orlov Commissioner.

3rd area - Head of Seversky, Nikanorov Commissioner, detachments 6, total number 560 people, Simferopolsk number 1 - Commander Seleznev, Commissioner Philippov, 2) Simferopolsk number 2 - Commander Chussi, Commissar Tretyak, 3) Evpatoria - Commander Ermakov, Commissioner Apron , 4) Alushta - Commander Amelinov, Commissioner Eremenko, 5) Sevastopolsky - Commander Zinchenko, Krivoshta Commissioner, 6) Bakhisaray - Commander Macedonian, Commissioner Black.

Place at the headquarters of the commander 38 people, commander Fedorenko, Commissioner Boyko. Total as of July 1, 1942, 2125 people are listed. Food detachments are provided for 7-8 days. Rifles are secured completely. Cartridges are about 200 pieces on a fighter, machine guns - 8, Degtyarev - 23, automata -56, but not everyone has cartridges, mortar mills -16, battalion -1, guns 46 mm - 88 2.76 mm -2, explosion . The substances of about 130 kg, not all are provided with manual grenades, uniform well, but not all have overces.

The relationship between the main headquarters and districts, as well as the headquarters of districts with detachments is exceptionally alive. Headquarters of the districts are connected with which the mail is sent to neighboring areas, and if the mail is intended for the main headquarters, from the area close to the headquarters, the mail is connected by the connected area. For example, a detachment has its own connections who carry mail to the headquarters of the district and back, the connected area are mail to the neighboring or leadership of the district, or the main headquarters if it is located in the area. Approximately the coherent district, delivers mail to the second area, transfer it to the head of the district's relationship, and he transfers to the chief headquarters through the connected latter under it.

The most difficult thing - the connection was conducted by the 3rd, 4th, 5 districts when the headquarters switched to the 2nd area, and when the headquarters were in the third district - the same picture was with the first and second areas. Due to the fact that the road Simferopol - Alushta, Karazubazar - will accelerately guarded, the relationship is very difficult.

There were cases, especially in the winter, when the connection was violated for the month, and in the first days, without waiting for connected from the 1st and 2nd areas, we had to allocate a special group, which with great difficulty got to these areas, losing two Man (one killed, one disappeared) and one wounded.

For all the time from November to July, connected, supporting communication with the main headquarters - 21 people, and between districts - 10. Communication with a large land was maintained with Sevastopol through Krasnikov's radio, connected from the main headquarters and the 5th district and connected sent by Sevastopol . Radio communication was established by the military council of KAV. The front, which threw five radar in the 2nd area with two stations, the first area received one radioist in February and one in March, which came with the wagon from the steppe.

The worst thing was in the 3rd area. Despite our repeated requests - only in May the radioist arrived in the Zui squad for the North, who was held by the Commissioner OO according to the Zui squad of Harchenko for more than a month, referring to the order of Kapalkin, and only after our categorical order of the radio operator in the first days of June sent to Seversky. In addition, the connection is supported by airplanes, and one day a group of people arrived at the 3rd area from Sevastopol by the boat.

As it was visible above, volunteers were the main core of the partisans. It was assumed that during the retreat of the Red Army from the Crimea, not all parts would have time to cross the Caucasian coast and the remaining in the Crimea should settle in the forest. Therefore, in the preparation of the scheme, the question of subordination and possible misunderstandings on this basis, especially knowing that discipline requires with the loss of communications with the immediate superiors of the subordination of the younger senior, was concerned, no matter how such bosses were found that they do not recognize The bosses approved by the Obkom will undertake to subjugate all the military, as a result of which Uralash could turn out.

Therefore, the scheme and our order provided for the subordination of all chiefs who fell into the forest, the leadership of the partisan. Subsequently, in this spirit, an order for border troops and 51 army was given. We learned about this already being in the forest and it is not officially, but from the words of Major Izugmen and after Major General Averkin. Unfortunately, many commanders and commissioners did not want to fulfill this order, they sought to break into Sevastopol, as a result, the frames were captured, and only a small group managed to get to Sevastopol.

There were no cases of violent accession of parts of parts, but there were cases when partisans, knowing that these residues would not break into Sevastopol, but would fall to the fascists, disarmed not wanting to stay in the forest. Mokrusov and Martynov themselves rally with the Izuginov and the commander of the Pogrf-Regiment (I don't remember the numbering) Martinen, but neither of Izuginov nor Martynenok remained. As a result, as it became known to us, after they came to Sevastopol with a small group consisting exclusively from the Nachpolitsostav. All the others surrendered to the fascists.

Out of our eyes, the remnants of one shelf, who left the reserve, was captured by packs. And two days before that, Mokrusov told the commander of the regiment that if he could not be made through Yalta, it was necessary to stay in the forest. For this compolat, Major (I remember the last name) answered: "The fascists will drive this line only through my corpse."

Despite the desire of commanders and commissars, it was raised about 1,000 people in the forest, including 48 kav residues. divisions in the amount of 100-120 people from the Gorodovik Regiment. The head of these residues stood the Pop Commissioner and headquarters of the foreheads. General Averkin, with very mysterious circumstances, beat himself on Demergiyla from these residues, passed into the headquarters of the Chief Guide and received a command over the 4th district and was killed by the fascists in the Uzenbash area.

The guerrillas of the military comrades met both relatives, providing them with all the help of food, clothing and ammunition. In addition to cases in the Kolaje detachment, where the commander of the Gubarev squad and the Steppe Commissioner disarmed the military group in the amount of 13 people and expelled from the detachment, as a result of which the group had died, for which Gubarev and Shta were shot. The command-political composition of the Red Army, who fell into the forest, received appointments instead of non-military above, it was stated that the headquarters, the central headquarters and the districts were military.

Subsequently, the military headed the detachments, appointed responsible positions to the districts. Popov, Lobov, Vyazhkov, Major General Averkin, Ahedin, Chief of Staff of Seversky Captain Kalugin, Lieutenant Colonel Petinin, etc., and now most of the military on the detachments. Relationships with the military are very good, except with the frontal, Popov and Selikov. Moreover, when rumors have reached us about the poor relationships of Popov and Lobov with the former chief of the 2nd Genovsky District, we wrote them about it. In response, refutation and confirmation of very good relations received from Popov and Genov.

However, after that, we wrote the commander of the Dzhanki squad Ryumshin, bravely in battle, about the unhealthy relationships of this triple. When we came to the headquarters of the 2nd area in February, it turned out that this "friendly" troika on the knives, and Selikhov and a number of other comrades were drawn to this sklock in this sklock. Earned the radio of Selikhov, and soon the order was followed by the removal of Genov and on the appointment of Selikhov, a haired and angleless person in his place.

And Martynov called Lobov, Popov and Genov in order to figure them out and reconcile them, but they saw that nothing would be released from this. Genov was accused of inability, called openly shepan, that he did not give food to the military (it turned out that the military was received equally to the guerrillas) and in some small sins. If the foreheads and popov would not have pursued some purpose, they could help the Genov in the elimination of its shortcomings of military knowledge and work well.

In order to discharge this atmosphere and strengthen the leadership of the 1st District, we appointed Lobov headquarters in there, he diplomatically fell ill. Earned Selikhov's radio, and after three days later the order of the commander of the front of the front of Lobov's headquarters of the 2nd Area was followed. Having received this order, the foreheads instantly recovered.

In order to get acquainted with a compolit and identify relationships, we have collected them all at the meeting. Here all commanders and political workers of residues of 48 divisions were met in the bayonets. Most of all came up to the words of Mokrousov, who said: "What are you carrying with a lousy kav.Divisia" and said that the behavior of Popov and Lobov borders twoless with Trotskyism.

Moreover, the expression "lousy division" applied not to 48 divisions, and not to existing remnants that forehead and popov were identified with the former division. About the city of Korovikov as a good commander, we knew from the stories of his fellow soldiers who were in the detachments of the 3rd region, and from the reports of Genov, so they meant to give him the 4th district. When we were talking about this, Gorudovikov obeyed.

There was Popov and recompresented by the commander of the Division, which obeys only him and without his knowledge could not dispose of it. However, we did not agree with this statement and appointed Gorudovikov by the head of the 4th district.

Apparently, Selikhov's radio earned again, and on the 3rd day we received an order to create a military group, which was a detachment of Gorodovikov with submission of this group Selekhov. When checking the detachments, it turned out that Popov kept the office of the Karasubazar Commissioner of the Kaplun, who threw a partbiler.

When working out the order of our on the revitalization of actions, he began to engage in a quiet squabble, aggravated the relationship between the military and unborn, had a concubine, idleled. All this forced us to raise the question of his replacement, which happened, the military council appointed Buscadze to his place. After his displacement, he instead of working honestly, - Labor (Buskadze's report), gathered offended (Kvashnev, Kasyanov, Egorov, Polyansky and others), intrigued and engaged in fermentation. Having received the appointment of the Commissioner of the II District, he, having come to the headquarters, began Materno to scold the head of the Korakov district, the leadership of the partisan movement, wrote an order about the transfer of Translators Bella Trakhtenberg, the superlines of Lobov, from our detachment at his disposal, wrote an order for removal from the work of the Commissioners OO, appointed by us and about the appointment of others to their place, including Kasyanov's slacker, and coming to landly landly, tried to plant enough out of the turn on the plane, threatened with the stick and scolded the Motherly deputy. Martynov authorized by us by evacuation, Domnin (see Material sent by us to the Special Front Department). This open riot Popova outraged us, Mokrousov arrested Popov and handed over to the military tribunal, as telegram told you on the same day.

Lobs elusive intrigue, if not worse. All his work is aimed at sung and make it worse. He slandered by the military council of Crimea. The front, accused us of persecution on the military, adhered and inspired commander to pay more time to intelligence, which essentially reduced the operation. Tactics have adhered to the tactics to keep the detachments of Cuchno, when moving our headquarters chased, contrary to our orders, following us, Selikhov's squads. By orders from the Kokasan district, a squad of Gorudovikov, Kurakova, and he drove this detachment and military.

When moving our headquarters in May from the Kokasan district of Selikhov, he himself sued the exercise in the villages of the north of Kazanla.

We approved this plan. Instead of this Selichov, the 2nd squad drove into the area, and when Mokrusov gave Selikhov to catch up for it, he said that he received the order of Lobov. Colonel refused from this. When Selikhov got sick, Martynov with the frontal went to him to talk about him and Buskadze Evacuation, he agreed upon the condition of his permission, and when the foreheads wrote an order for the temporary liberation of Selikhov due to illness, then the forehead began to talk to Mokrousov, which was written by order, Since there was no report from Selikhov.

Mokrousov's remark that you said, what they talked to him, "no, I did not say that" the foreheads were blocked. This Mokrousov led out of himself, and he covered it with Mat and said in a rummy irritability: "T. Forty, shoot Lobov. " But no one shot him, and Mokrusov would not allow it. It must be admitted that the vocabuses here came very and very badly.

T. Bulatov raised the question of what our opinion, if the partisan detection is divided into two independent areas with direct subordination to the Big Earth. We write a big land because I still do not know who we obey. We are sent by directive Military Council of the Crimean Front, the Crimean Oblove Party, the Primorsk Army, the NKVD Crimea, and now the Kav Military Council. Front. All this stunned us, and we did not know what God to pray "! You need to end and subjugate the partisan movement to one leadership.

The question of division is difficult for us permitted. Of course, in the presence of a good regular connection on the walkie-talkie and air with the body to which partisans are subordinated, and the difficulties of communication between the areas separated by the Highway Dear Simferopol-Alushta, the dismemberment would be, perhaps, useful, and since we have no reason to hope, The abolition of a single leadership in the Crimea may adversely affect the case, and even if people like foreheads and popov fall on the head of independent areas. For these reasons, we cannot offer anything.

Prospects for the replenishment of people and the supply of detachments unfortunately, with the population of steppe areas, we began to establish a connection from April from April. Before that it was almost impossible, since we didn't have any clothes, no documents with which our people could go from the forest, and in the winter to walk on a hundred versts with overnight in the field. For these reasons, we only knew about the life and mood of the peasants.

As for the Tatar population of the mountainous areas, then from the first days of the occupation of Crimea, the fascists have gone in the overwhelming mass of his for the fascists, which excluded the opportunity to lead us to work otherwise. After establishing communication with the village, it was found that the overwhelming mass of the peasants was set up by Soviet, but terror was so strangled that people fear each other and even close relatives.

Even before that, the Zui squad, thanks to the energy and popularity of the Commissioner of the detachment t. Lugovoy, had a close connection with the collective farmers of the Zui district, especially with the village of Barabanovka, where he screams different information and food, and afterwards almost all residents of this village went to the forest to Lugovoy . When we set a connection with steppe districts, what to see below, it turned out that the peasants do not mind to partition and go into the forest, but fear for families who fascists destroy if their relatives go to the partisans, restrained them.

At that time, the fascists have not yet managed to doggle to the village, and there was a food that would give partisans, but it was not possible to arrange delivery to the forest, it was not possible due to strong developed espionage, the lack of horses and the difficulties associated with transportation, especially through the highway of Simferopol Feodosia, stiguously protected, and passing by Tatar villages. Now this provision has deteriorated in connection with the enhancement of oversight and terror, the lack of hope in the farmers and the crop there is no hope, since the crop can give only seeds, so the only source is a delivery of food to the Crimea with Kuban.

The collective farmers in the forest will go with families, which can not be allowed. In particular, our agent in July came to us from the village Beesheran and set the question whether people could be conducted in the forest. We said - only without families. Gone to negotiate with them. How this question will be allowed - it is difficult to say. Our opinion comes down to the fact that the influx of the population in the partisan detachments will be, and it can be organized under the condition of the evacuation of family members from the forest to the larger land and increasing food discharge.

Thus, the population will act against the fascists also in the steppe. Frames of partisans, survived the hungry winter, in the overwhelming mass and exhausted. For these reasons, people will hardly withstand for a long time, especially if the Crimea will not be released until winter. Therefore, the question of replacing them with new, fresh people, which can practically be done without any special difficulty. The change of people can be produced by air with a landing of TB on the Karabi Yai and the sea with a boat approach between the ousees-goats, new light, capsichor and in Semidvorya. In the area of \u200b\u200bSeversky there are no such possibilities. These items are divorced, and now only you need to resolve this question almost.

Our opinion in this case comes down to the following: a) dying and chub give the order of the boom approach. b) Boats go to these points with people and food. c) on the shore there are their armed men with Blades plus to be evacuated. d) landed people and detachments raise themselves on the Blades and go to the Lagheri.

Organize underground work in the Crimea began in April M-Tse. For this, they were selected politically literate and possessing the organizational abilities of comrades and sent to the districts as party communities. We decided that in order to avoid the possibility of provocations and betrayal at once, the party groups did not create, but began to create groups of Soviet patriots and only after comrades on specific cases show their dedication to our case, from their number to create party groups ...

Organized groups have launched campaigning among the population and using newspapers and magazines delivered to us in the forest. Tasks are delivered to groups: carry out agitation-mass work among the population, to organize and carry out work on the breakdown of various kinds of enemy events, to make sabotage acts, recruit new members, etc.

According to data obtained from rampant, can be seen on the new strengthening of the oppression and terror from the fascists over the population. The population is closed by all food, cattle, bird and clothing. From the "voluntary" methods of seizure of the population for the export to Germany, the occupiers switched to methods of no covered violence. Give scribe to the settlement, the headman supplies the amount of people for the export. For the population, intolerable conditions were created, and if they do not go to the partisan detachments, it turns out that the Gestapo deployed demagogic campaigning about the partisans with each who will appear in the forest.

And those who want to go to the partisans are. This, if there is not yet tightly delivered to our agitation. We gave instructions to the licked to oppose the fascist demagogue our Soviet truth. To organize explanations to the population about the actual state of war, the atrocities of the occupiers, about the facts of the political and economic cure of the population, that the partisans are straightened and will deal with the occupiers and traitors of our people and that partisans will gladly meet everyone who wants to help them in their dedicated Fight. Consequently, the base for the replenishment of partisan detachments is available.

It is necessary only by skillfully and energetic campaigning to wake the thought of the population about the need for merciless struggle with the occupiers, any means and in any conditions to show the population on the specific facts of the beast of fascists that the only way out for our people from the cureness. About agents and intelligence reports especially t. Davydkin.

Basically, the work was: gave intelligence data for which the command of Crimefront could fully determine the intentions of the enemy and to build their operational plans. In particular, from our reports on the grouping of tank connections in the Triangle Koktebel - Feodosia - the Old Crimea, it was possible to unmistakably judge that the enemy aims his main blow to our left flank. So it was before the Kerch catastrophe and before the hero's fall - Sevastopol. Unfortunately, rumors reached us, many of our radiograms, which were given important intelligence on the preparation of the enemy to the attack on Kerch were deciphered after the fall of Kerch. So it was or not, it is necessary to check.

In March, we presented a list of particularly distinguished partisans at the request of the Military Council of Crimefront. A total of 67 people were presented, and the military council did not require the characteristics on the presented. Until now, the view did not take place. At the same time, all the Selikov represented to the award have already been awarded.

Commander of the partisan movement of the Crimea Colonel (Mokroid)

Commissioner Secretary of the Simferopol GK VKP (b) Art. Battalion Commissioner (Martynov)