Born on October 10 (22), 1896 in Skachikha, Tambov province. Father - Semyon Vasilyevich Khozin (born 1875), worked for 47 years in railway transport.

On August 7, 1915, he was drafted into the tsarist army and sent to serve in the 60th reserve regiment (the city of Tambov). In the 60th reserve regiment, he served as a soldier for one month, then he was sent to the training team of this regiment, after which he was promoted to corporal, and then to junior non-commissioned officers.

In February 1916 he was sent to the 4th Kiev school of warrant officers. After graduating from it in June 1916, he left for the front in the 37th Siberian Rifle Regiment of the 10th Siberian Rifle Division. As part of this regiment and division, he participated in the First World War on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. Chief of the machine-gun team of the 37th Siberian Rifle Regiment.

In March-April 1918 he entered the office of the 5th distance of the locksmith's track again as a technician. At the same time, he led public work on military training of workers and employees of railway workers in the Vsevobuch system and worked as a secretary of the Kirsanovsky District Railway Council of Workers' Deputies. He held the post of regional commissar of track and traffic services until October 1918.

Since October 3, 1918, a member of the VKP (b) party, (old Bolshevik). Since October 1918 - deputy commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky rifle regiment, since May 1919 - the commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky rifle regiment, located in Kirsanov and intended for the protection and defense of railway bridges. Commanding this regiment, during the so-called "echelon war", he participated in the battles on the Tambov-Balashov railway line near the station. Muchkap, Romanovka near the town of Balashov; on the line Gryazi-Borisoglebsk under st. Zherdevka and Borisoglebsk and st. Povorino. In August – September 1919, he took part in battles with K. K. Mamontov's corps near Sampur and Tambov, as well as near Voronezh at the Somovo station of the South-Eastern Railway.

In the fall and winter of 1919, the 14th Rifle Regiment was reorganized into two separate battalions- 34th and 33rd. 34th separate rifle battalion remains in Kirsanov under the command of M.S.Khozin.

In April 1921, M.S.Khozin was appointed commander of the 22nd separate brigade troops of the Cheka for the protection of the state border of the RSFSR with Latvia, and in the fall of the same year he was transferred to the city of Voronezh by the commander of the 113th separate brigade of the Oryol Military District, with this brigade he left for the North Caucasian Military District. The brigade joined the 28th Infantry Division, in which the end of 1921, throughout 1922 and partially in 1923, fought against banditry in the Kuban, Terek and Dagestan.

When I was assigned to the Mountain Division, it was stationed in Vladikavkaz. This was due to some of the features of the service. Vladikavkaz was now and then subjected to raids by nationalist gangs. As soon as we went to the shooting range or field exercises, the bandits broke into the city, robbed shops, markets, attacked the police, and killed party and Soviet workers. The bandits even tried to break into the apartment of our regiment commander M. S. Khozin. At night, he had to barricade the front doors and windows.

In January 1924, he was appointed Assistant Commander of the 22nd Infantry Division (Krasnodar), from where he left for Moscow in the fall of the same year to study military academic courses (VAK) at the Military Academy of the Red Army. After graduating from the Higher Attestation Commission from 1925 to March 1937, he commanded sequentially:

From March to September 1937 he was the commander of the 1st Rifle Corps in Novgorod. From September to December 1937, Deputy Commander of the Troops, Acting. about. commander. From December 1937 to January 1939 - Commander of the Leningrad Military District.

On October 7, 1938, he was approved as a member of the Military Council under People's Commissar defense of the USSR.

Since July 1941, Deputy Commander of the Reserve Front G.K. Zhukova. M.S.Khozin recalled:

My task was to arrange for the supply of troops with everything necessary for life, everyday life and battle. This work is rather difficult and complicated, especially since the front was just being organized, troops arrived every day, they had to be arranged and armed, and there was a shortage of weapons.

On September 26, 1941 - Commander of the 54th Army, formed for the release of Leningrad. From October 1941 to May 1942 - commander of the troops of the Leningrad Front and at the same time (from April 1942) of the Volkhov Group of Forces. N.A. Lomagin in the book "The Unknown Blockade" quotes a letter from Khozin to Zhdanov:

“Zaporozhets accused me of domestic corruption. Yes, two or three times the telegraph operator visited my apartment, watched a movie ... I am accused of spending a lot of vodka. I am not saying that I am a teetotaler. I drink before lunch and dinner sometimes two, sometimes three glasses ... I can't work with Zaporozhets after all these slander ... "

After being removed from his post as front commander in June 1942, he was demoted to the Western Front as commander of the 33rd Army.

From October 1942 to December 1942 - Deputy Commander of the Western Front. Again removed from office with the following wording [ ] :

Colonel-General Khozin Mikhail Semenovich should be removed from his post as deputy commander of the Western Front for inactivity and a frivolous attitude to the matter and sent to the head of the Main Directorate of NCO Personnel.

From December 4, 1942 until the end of the month - Commander of the 20th Army (1942-43). With regard to this period, M.S.Khozin recalled:

In December, the Western Front, on its right flank, together with the Kalinin Front, conducted an operation to free Rzhev. It turned out to be unsuccessful, especially for the 20th army, which suffered heavy losses in manpower, tanks and cavalry. At that time I was in the 33rd and 5th armies of the front and was preparing there for offensive operation... Commander of the Western Front, Comrade Konev, and Headquarters representative, Comrade Zhukov, summoned me and announced the decision of Headquarters to appoint me as commander of the 20th Army.

Upon arrival at the headquarters of the army, I was convinced that this army could not carry out offensive operations, as it turned out to be almost incapable of combat. I reported this to the front commander. They did not agree with me. But after a while there was a call on the government phone. Stalin was on the line. I repeated to him my considerations that under the given circumstances the offensive should be stopped, consolidated in the positions reached, withdraw the front reserve for replenishment and combat training of all divisions, which have lost their combat effectiveness due to large losses. The rate agreed with my suggestions. At the same time, it was ordered to prepare and conduct a private operation to intercept the Rzhev-Vyazma railway line. As a result of this operation, we did not take possession of the railway, but any movement along it became impossible.

From January 1943 - Representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the 3rd Tank Army. M. S. Khozin recalled:

On the night before the new year of 1943, I received an order to hand over Army 20 to Comrade Berzarin (later the hero of the storming of Berlin) and arrive at Headquarters, in Moscow. There I got acquainted with the upcoming operation, which was to be carried out by the Voronezh front. Into history Patriotic War it entered under the name "Ostrogozhsko-Rossoshanskaya operation of 1943". It had the goal of encircling and destroying a large enemy grouping on the Don in the area of ​​the cities of Ostrogozhsk and Rossosh. On January 2, we went to the headquarters of the Voronezh front on a special train together with G.K. Zhukov. I was assigned to be a representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the 3rd Panzer Army, commanded by Major General Rybalko, later Hero Soviet Union, Marshal armored forces.

The Ostrogozh-Rossoshansk operation was carried out from 13 to 27 January 1943. It ended with the encirclement and destruction of a large enemy grouping on the middle reaches of the Don. The 4th Hungarian Army and the Alpine Corps of the Italian Army were completely defeated. The number of captured Germans exceeded forty thousand. As a result of the operation, conditions were created for the defeat of the 2nd German fascist army, which was defending in the Kastornoye-Voronezh region, and an offensive in the Kharkov direction.

In January - March 1943 - commander of a special group of forces of the North-Western Front, the so-called Special Group of Forces of General M. S. Khozin (Operation Polar Star).

From March to December 1943 - Deputy Commander of the North-West and Western fronts... At the same time, in his own autobiography M.S.Khozin pointed out:

In March-April 1943, I took part in the Rzhev-Vyazemsk operation, and at the end of it I prepared the 11th Army for the summer offensive behind the German troops occupying Oryol.

In the Orsha region in December 1943, Kh. Was wounded and sent for treatment to a hospital, first in Smolensk, and then near Moscow in Barvikha. He stayed in the hospital until March 1944 and due to poor health he was appointed commander of the Volga Military District, where he was mainly engaged in preparing reserves for the front.

In July 1945, he was removed from office due to official inconsistency, for about a year he was at the disposal of the Main Directorate of Personnel of the USSR Armed Forces.

That's what is curious, in fact, a wartime warrant officer with a parish school was appointed after 9 months of the VAK as a division commander ... and then up to an army commander, if you believe the literature WITHOUT ADDITIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION ...

Still very surprising is his unsinkability, for such failures, many were repressed, and he received awards .. Since December 1943, he did not take part in hostilities, that is, he was not actually trusted by the leadership of the troops in wartime?

And further, the person responsible for the death of the 2nd Army was appointed in 1946 - 1956 the head of the Military Pedagogical and Military Institutes. After the closure of the VIII KA in 1956, he was the head of the Higher Academic Courses and the Faculty of the Academy of the USSR General Staff. - that is, a person who did not show himself in any way during the period of hostilities led the preparation of the HIGHEST TEAM STAFF OF THE COUNTRY ???

What do you think, what's the matter?

Khozin Mikhail Semenovich

Khozin Mikhail Semenovich (1896-1979), Colonel General 1943. Participant of the First World War, ensign. IN Civil war was the commander of a battalion, regiment, brigade. During World War II, he commanded various armies and fronts. In 1946 - 1956 he was the head of the Military Pedagogical and Military Institutes. After the closure of the VIII KA in 1956, he was the head of the Higher Academic Courses and the Faculty of the Academy of the USSR General Staff.

Biography. Khozin Mikhail Semenovich (1896-1979), Colonel General. Born on October 22, 1896. In 1907 he graduated from the parish school. In 1911 he graduated from the 3-grade city school and entered the Saratov technical railway school. In 1914 he was sent to practice at the station. Kirsanov as a technician-trainee in the position of a repair worker of the 5th distance sl. paths. August 7, 1915 drafted into the tsarist army and sent to serve in 60 zap. regiment of Tambov. In 60 app. regiment for one month served as a soldier, then sent to the training command of this regiment, after which he was promoted to corporal, and then to ml. non-commissioned officers. In February 1916 he was sent to the 4th Kiev school of warrant officers. He graduated from it in June 1916 and left for the front in 37 Sib. str. regiment 10 sib. page division. As part of this regiment and division, he participated in World War I on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts.

In the month of March-April 1918 he entered again to work in the office of the 5th distance sl. way by the technician. At the same time, he conducted public work on military training of workers and employees of railway workers in the system of Universal Education and worked as a secretary of the Kirsanovsky District Railway Council of Workers' Deputies. District Commissioner sl. paths and movements. He was in this position until October 1918. From October 3, 1918, he was a member of the VKP (b) party. Since October 1918, the deputy. commander of the regiment, and since May 1919, the commander of the 14th Rtishchev rifle regiment, located in Kirsanov and intended for the protection and defense of railway bridges. Commanding this regiment, Khozin took part in the battles on the Tambov-Balashov railway line under the station. Muchkap, Romanovka near Balashov; on the line Gryazi-Borisoglebsk under st. Zherdevka and Borisoglebsk and st. Povorino. In August-September 1919 he participated in battles with the Mamontov corps near Sampur and Tambov, as well as near Voronezh at the station. Somovo Yu.V. yellow dor. In the fall and winter of 1919, the 14th p. Regiment was reorganized into two detachments. battalion 34 and 33. 34 dep. the rifle battalion remains in Kirsanov under the command of Khozin. He took part in the fight against Antonovshchina as the commander of the 294th regiment of the 33rd division, and then the commander of the 98th brigade of the same division. Directly participated and led the hostilities under Art. Rtishchevo, Lomovis, Platonovka, Inokovka, Chakino, Oblovka, village Uvarovo, st. Selezny-Saburovo and others. In April 1921, Khozin was appointed commander of the 22nd division. brigades of the Cheka troops for the protection of the state border of the RSFSR with Latvia, and in the fall of the same year he was transferred to Voronezh by the commander of the 113th department. brigade of the Oryol Military District, with this brigade he left for the North Caucasian Military District. The brigade joined the 28th Infantry Division, in which the end of 1921, the whole of 1922 and partly of 1923, fought against banditry in the Kuban, Terek and Dagestan.

In January 1924 he was appointed Assistant to the commander of the 22nd division in Krasnodar, from where he left for Moscow in the fall of the same year to study at the Higher Attestation Commission at the Academy. Frunze. After graduating from the Higher Attestation Commission, from 1925 to March 1937, he consecutively commanded 31 str. Division in Stalingrad, 34 st. Divisions in Kuibyshev, 36 st. Division in Chita, 18 st. Division in Yaroslavl and Petrozavodsk. From March to September 1937 he was the commander of the 1st corps in Novgorod. From September to December 1937 Deputy. commanders of the Leningrad Military District. From December 1937 to May 1939 Commander of the Leningrad Military District, from June 1939 to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, head of the Academy. Frunze. From 1938 to 1954 he was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Pskov constituency.

Since July 1941, Deputy Commander of the Reserve Front G.K. Zhukova. M.S.Khozin recalled:

My task was to arrange for the supply of troops with everything necessary for life, everyday life and battle. This work is rather difficult and complicated, especially since the front was just being organized, troops arrived every day, they had to be arranged and armed, and there was a shortage of weapons. ^{# cite_note-11 ">}

“Zaporozhets accused me of domestic corruption. Yes, two or three times the telegraph operator visited my apartment, watched a movie ... I am accused of spending a lot of vodka. I am not saying that I am a teetotaler. I drink before lunch and dinner sometimes two, sometimes three glasses ... I can't work with Zaporozhets after all these slander ... "

Quotations from this letter were published by D.A. Volkogonov, the letter was published in full by Nikita Lomagin in the 1st volume of the Unknown Blockade. It is almost 2 pages long. It is necessary to read it in full for correct understanding. The conflict between A.I. Zaporozhets and M.S.Khozin ended with the fact that Khozin was transferred to a new position, and Zaporozhets remained in Leningrad in the same position.

Was removed from the post of commander https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0% D0% B4% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B9_% D1% 84% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% BD% D1% 82 "> Leningrad Front on June 8, 1942 with the wording:

For failure to comply with the order of the Headquarters on the timely and prompt withdrawal of the 2nd Shock Army, for paper-bureaucratic methods of command and control, for separation from the troops, as a result of which the enemy cut the communications of the 2nd Shock Army and the latter was placed in an extremely difficult position ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-12 ">}

After being removed from his post as front commander in June 1942, he was demoted to the Western Front as commander of the 33rd Army.

From October 1942 to December 1942 - Deputy Commander of the Western Front. Again removed from office with the following wording :

Colonel-General Khozin Mikhail Semenovich should be removed from his post as deputy commander of the Western Front for inactivity and a frivolous attitude to the matter and sent to the head of the Main Directorate of NCO Personnel.

From December 4, 1942 until the end of the month - Commander of the 20th Army (1942-43). With regard to this period, M.S.Khozin recalled:

In December, the Western Front, on its right flank, together with the Kalinin Front, conducted an operation to free Rzhev. It turned out to be unsuccessful, especially for the 20th army, which suffered heavy losses in manpower, tanks and cavalry. At that time I was in the 33rd and 5th armies of the front and was preparing there for an offensive operation. Commander of the Western Front, Comrade Konev, and Headquarters representative, Comrade Zhukov, summoned me and announced the decision of Headquarters to appoint me commander of the 20th Army. Upon arrival at the headquarters of the army, I was convinced that this army could not carry out offensive operations, as it turned out to be almost incapable of combat. I reported this to the front commander. They did not agree with me. But after a while there was a call on the government phone. Stalin was on the line. I repeated to him my considerations that under the given circumstances the offensive should be stopped, consolidated in the positions reached, withdraw the front reserve for replenishment and combat training of all divisions, which have lost their combat effectiveness due to large losses. The rate agreed with my suggestions. At the same time, it was ordered to prepare and conduct a private operation to intercept the Rzhev-Vyazma railway line. As a result of this operation, we did not take possession of the railway, but any movement along it became impossible.

From January 1943 - Representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the 3rd Tank Army. M. S. Khozin recalled:

On the night before the new year of 1943, I received an order to hand over Army 20 to Comrade Berzarin (later the hero of the storming of Berlin) and arrive at Headquarters, in Moscow. There I got acquainted with the upcoming operation, which was to be carried out by the Voronezh front. It went down in the history of the Patriotic War under the name "Ostrogozh-Rossoshan operation of 1943". It had the goal of encircling and destroying a large enemy grouping on the Don in the area of ​​the cities of Ostrogozhsk and Rossosh. On January 2, we went to the headquarters of the Voronezh front on a special train together with G.K. Zhukov. I was assigned to be a representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the 3rd Panzer Army, commanded by Major General Rybalko, later Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal of the Armored Forces. The Ostrogozh-Rossoshan operation was carried out from 13 to 27 January 1943. It ended with the encirclement and destruction of a large enemy grouping on the middle reaches of the Don. The 4th Hungarian Army and the Alpine Corps of the Italian Army were completely defeated. The number of captured Germans exceeded forty thousand. As a result of the operation, conditions were created for the defeat of the 2nd German fascist army, which was defending in the Kastornoye-Voronezh region, and an offensive in the Kharkov direction.

Then the commander of a special group of forces of the North-Western Front, the so-called Special Group of Forces, General M. S. Khozin (January - March 1943).

From March to December 1943 - Deputy Commander of the North-Western and Western Fronts. At the same time, in his own autobiography M.S.Khozin pointed out:

In March-April 1943, I took part in the Rzhev-Vyazemsk operation, and at the end of it I prepared the 11th Army for the summer offensive behind the German troops occupying Oryol.

From December 1943 he did not take part in hostilities.

In the Orsha region in December 1943, Kh. Was wounded and sent for treatment to a hospital, first in Smolensk, and then near Moscow in Barvikha. He stayed in the hospital until March 1944 and due to poor health he was appointed commander of the Volga Military District, where he was mainly engaged in the preparation of reserves for the front. ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-13 ">}.

Since 1944 - Commander of the Volga Military District.

After the war

In July 1945, he was removed from office due to official inconsistency, for about a year he was at the disposal of the Main Directorate of Personnel of the USSR Armed Forces.

From July 1946 - chief, from February 1954 - chief. From 1956 to 1963 - headed the higher academic courses, then the faculty of the Military Academy of the General Staff. In November 1963 - retired.

He died on February 27, 1979 in Moscow. He was buried in the closed columbarium of the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Awards

• two Orders of Lenin (February 22, 1938, "in connection with the XX Anniversary of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and Navy... for the shown ... courage and dedication in battles against the enemies of Soviet power and for outstanding successes and achievements in the combat, political and technical training of units and subunits of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army " ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-autogenerated1-4 ">https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-14 ">})
• four Orders of the Red Banner; ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-autogenerated1-4 ">}
• Order of the Red Star; ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-autogenerated1-4 ">}
• Order of Suvorov I degree (April 9, 1943, “for the skillful and courageous leadership of military operations and for the successes achieved as a result of these operations in battles with German fascist invaders» ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-15 ">})
• Order of Suvorov II degree (September 28, 1943, "for the skillful and courageous leadership of military operations to capture the cities of Smolensk and Roslavl and for the successes achieved as a result of these operations in battles against the Nazi invaders" ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-16 ">})
• medals.

As of 1950, he was awarded 11 orders and medals of the Soviet Union, seven of which he received during the Great Patriotic War ^{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_note-autogenerated2-1 ">}.

Publications

• M. S. Khozin... About one little-studied operation. "Military History Journal". No. 2, 1966.

• Notes (edit)

  https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 "> Show compact

• article by A. Samarov "Father's Joy", newspaper "Kirsanovskaya Kommuna", No. 1 (1878) of January 1, 1942
• https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_ref-5 "> source = http: //militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/hetagurov_gi/01.html Khetagurov G. I. Execution of duty
• https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_ref-6 "> ORDER OF THE PEOPLE'S DEFENSE COMMISSIONER OF THE UNION OF THE SSR ON PERSONAL STAFF OF THE ARMY No. 2494
• https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0 % D0% B8% D0% BB_% D0% A1% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 91% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 87 # cite_ref-7 ">

Khozin Mikhail Semyonovich, Soviet military leader, colonel general (1943).

Born into the family of a railway worker. In 1907 he graduated from the parish school. After graduating from a 3-grade city school in 1911, he entered the Saratov technical railway school. In August 1915 he was mobilized into the army and enlisted as a "hunter" in the 4th company of the 60th infantry reserve battalion in Tambov. In May 1916 he was enrolled as a cadet in the 4th Kiev school of warrant officers. In June of the same year, he was promoted to warrant officer and soon appointed a junior officer in the 60th Infantry Reserve Regiment. At the end of October, he left for the 10th Infantry Division to staff the 37th Siberian Infantry Regiment, where he was appointed a junior officer of the machine-gun command. Later, as part of the 6th Army, he fought on the Romanian front, was wounded. In June 1917 he was appointed head of the collection of information about the enemy, at the same time he was elected a member of the regimental committee. In August 1917, he was appointed an officer for the assignments of the topographic department of the quartermaster general of the 6th Army headquarters. At the end of 1917 he was demobilized. Then he worked at the railway junction of the Kirsanov station, was the commissar of the track and movement service of the Kirsanov railway junction, at the same time he commanded a detachment of workers intended for the protection and defense of railway bridges. In November 1918, by party mobilization, he was drafted into the Red Army and appointed assistant commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky railway regiment. Since May 1919, the regiment commander. The regiment under his command landed against the White Cossacks of the 4th Don Cavalry Corps of General K.K. Mamontov. At the end of 1919, the regiment was reorganized into two separate battalions - 34th and 33rd. The 34th separate rifle battalion remains in Kirsanov under the command of Khozin and operates in the Borisoglebsk, Voronezh, Tambov sector. From May 1920, Khozin commanded the 194th separate rifle battalion of the VOKhR, and from October - the 294th rifle regiment of the 33rd rifle division. Participated in the elimination of bandit formations in the Tambov, Saratov and Voronezh provinces. From February 1921, he commanded the 22nd separate rifle brigade of the Cheka troops, which guarded the Soviet border with Estonia and Latvia. In October of the same year, he was appointed commander of the 113th separate rifle brigade of the Oryol Military District. With this brigade, Khozin left for the North Caucasian Military District, where she became part of the 28th Infantry Division. Later, commanding a regiment as part of a division, in December 1921 - March 1922 he took part in the elimination of banditry in the Tersk region, in November - December 1923 - in operations to disarm Chechnya, Ingushetia and Ossetia. In January 1924, Khozin was appointed assistant commander of the 22nd Infantry Division in Krasnodar, from where in the fall of the same year he left for Moscow to study military academic courses (VAK) at the Military Academy of the Red Army named after V.I. M.V. Frunze. After graduating from the Higher Attestation Commission, he commanded first the 32nd rifle division, then from September - the 31st rifle division in Stalingrad. In October 1926 he was appointed commander of the 34th Infantry Division in Saratov. In 1930, Khozin graduated from the courses of party-political training of commanders - single chiefs at the Military-Political Academy of the Red Army. In 1932 he was transferred to Transbaikalia to the post of commander and commissar of the 36th rifle division of OKDVA. In May 1935 he was appointed commander and commissar of the 18th rifle division of the Moscow Military District, and in April 1937 - the commander of the 1st rifle corps of the Leningrad Military District (LVO). In December of the same year, he was appointed deputy commander, and in April 1938 - commander of the LVO troops. February 22, 1938 M.S. Khozin was assigned military rank corps commander. In January 1939 he was appointed head of the Military Academy of the Red Army. M.V. Frunze. On February 8, 1939, he was awarded the military rank of commander of the 2nd rank, and on June 4, 1940, he was promoted to lieutenant general.

At the beginning of World War II, Lieutenant General M.S. Khozin from August to September 1941 was the chief of the rear of the Front of Reserve Armies, then from September 4 to 13 - the Deputy Chief of the General Staff (he is also the head of the Leningrad direction), from September 13 - the chief of staff of the Leningrad Front. From October 1941 - Commander of the 54th Army, which fought in order to break the blockade of Leningrad in the Kolpino region. From October 27, 1941 to April 1942, Lieutenant General M.S. Khozin commanded the troops of the Leningrad Front and the Volkhov Group of Forces. Participated in the Tikhvin defensive and offensive operations. In June 1942, Lieutenant General M.S. Khozin was relieved of his post as front commander and appointed commander of the 33rd Army, whose units and formations were fighting in the Vyazma direction. From October to December 1942, he served as deputy commander of the Western Front. In January 1943 he was awarded the military rank of Colonel General. In February - March 1943, he commanded a Special Group of Forces, created to defeat the Demyansk enemy grouping in the Demyansk offensive operation and to develop the offensive in the Kingisepp and Narva directions. The group was subordinate to the Supreme Command Headquarters and operated in the zone of the North-Western Front. In April 1943, Khozin was again deputy commander of the North-Western Front. On December 8, 1943, by order of the Supreme Command Headquarters "for intemperance and frivolous attitude to business" was removed from office. In March 1944 he was appointed commander of the Volga Military District.

In July 1945, he was removed from office due to official inconsistency, for about a year he was at the disposal of the Main Directorate of Personnel of the USSR Armed Forces. Since July 1946 - Head of the Military Pedagogical Institute, since February 1954 - Head of the Military Institute foreign languages... From 1956 to 1963 - headed the higher academic courses, then the faculty of the Higher Military Academy. K.E. Voroshilov. From November 1963 - retired.

After the war, Colonel-General M.S. Khozin was dismissed from this position in July 1945 due to service inconsistency and for a year was at the disposal of the Main Directorate of the USSR Armed Forces. In July 1946 he was appointed head of the Military Pedagogical Institute. From February 1954 - Head of the Military Institute of Foreign Languages. In November 1956, he was transferred to the head of the Higher Attestation Commission at, since November 1959 he headed the faculty at the same academy. In November 1963 he was retired. He was buried in the columbarium of the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Decorated with orders: Russian Empire- St. Anna 4th century; Soviet - 2 Orders of Lenin, an order October revolution, 4 Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov 1st and 2nd Class, Order of the Red Star.

1 In the service records of the officers of the imperial army who are in the RGVIA, for ensign M.S. Khozina, the date of birth is indicated on 10/20/1896 of the old style [See: RGVIA. f. 409, p / cn 193-119 (1916); p / cn 92-429 (1916)]. In some autobiographies of M.S. Khozin's personal file of the Red Army also indicates the date of 10/20/1896.

Mikhail Semyonovich Khozin(October 22 (November 3) 1896 - February 27, 1979) - Soviet military leader, colonel general.

One of the leaders of the defense of Leningrad in the first blockade winter, commander of the Leningrad Front (removed from office for the failure of the Luban offensive operation and the death of the 2nd Shock Army).

Biography

early years

Born on October 10 (22), 1896 in the village of Skachikha, Kirsanovsky district, Tambov province (now - Umetsky district, Tambov region). Father - Semyon Vasilyevich Khozin (born 1875), worked for 47 years in railway transport.

In 1907 he graduated from the parish school. In 1911 he graduated from the 3-grade city school and entered the Saratov technical railway school. In 1914, he was sent to practice at the Kirsanov station as a trainee technician in the position of a repair worker of the 5th distance of a locksmith track.

During the First World War

On August 7, 1915, he was drafted into the tsarist army and sent to serve in the 60th reserve regiment (the city of Tambov). In the 60th reserve regiment, he served as a soldier for one month, then he was sent to the training team of this regiment, after which he was promoted to corporal, and then to junior non-commissioned officers.

In February 1916 he was sent to the 4th Kiev school of warrant officers. After graduating from it in June 1916, he left for the front in the 37th Siberian Rifle Regiment of the 10th Siberian Rifle Division. As part of this regiment and division, he participated in the First World War on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. Chief of the machine-gun team of the 37th Siberian Rifle Regiment.

Civil war and the fight against banditry

In March-April 1918 he entered the office of the 5th distance of the locksmith's track again as a technician. At the same time, he led public work on military training of workers and employees of railway workers in the Vsevobuch system and worked as a secretary of the Kirsanovsky District Railway Council of Workers' Deputies. He held the post of regional commissar of track and traffic services until October 1918.

Since October 3, 1918, a member of the VKP (b) party, (old Bolshevik). From October 1918 - deputy commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky rifle regiment, from May 1919 - commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky rifle regiment, located in Kirsanov and intended for the protection and defense of railway bridges. Commanding this regiment, during the so-called "echelon war", he participated in the battles on the Tambov-Balashov railway line near the station. Muchkap, Romanovka near the town of Balashov; on the line Gryazi-Borisoglebsk under st. Zherdevka and Borisoglebsk and st. Povorino. In August-September 1919 he took part in battles with K. K. Mamontov's corps near Sampur and Tambov, as well as near Voronezh at the Somovo station of the South-Eastern Railway.

In the fall and winter of 1919, the 14th Rifle Regiment was reorganized into two separate battalions - the 34th and 33rd. 34th separate rifle battalion remains in Kirsanov under the command of M.S.Khozin.

He took part in the fight against Antonovshchina as the commander of the 294th rifle regiment of the 33rd rifle division, and then the commander of the 98th brigade of the same division. Directly participated and led the hostilities under Art. Rtishchevo, Lomovis, Platonovka, Inokovka, Chakino, Oblovka, village Uvarovo, st. Drakes-Saburovo and others.

In April 1921, M.S.Khozin was appointed commander of the 22nd separate brigade of the Cheka troops for the protection of the state border of the RSFSR with Latvia, and in the fall of the same year he was transferred to the city of Voronezh by the commander of the 113th separate brigade of the Oryol military district, with this brigade he left to the North Caucasian Military District. The brigade joined the 28th Infantry Division, in which the end of 1921, throughout 1922 and partially in 1923, fought against banditry in the Kuban, Terek and Dagestan.

Army General Khetagurov, Georgy Ivanovich recalled:

When I was assigned to the Mountain Division, it was stationed in Vladikavkaz. This was due to some of the features of the service. Vladikavkaz was now and then subjected to raids by nationalist gangs. As soon as we went to the shooting range or field exercises, the bandits broke into the city, robbed shops, markets, attacked the police, and killed party and Soviet workers. The bandits even tried to break into the apartment of our regiment commander M. S. Khozin. At night, he had to barricade the front doors and windows.

Mikhail Semyonovich Khozin was born on October 10 (22), 1896 in the village of Skachikha of the Kirsanovsky district of the Tambov province (now the Tambov region).

Father, Semyon Vasilyevich Khozin (born 1875) worked for 47 years in railway transport.

• In 1907 he graduated from the parish school. In 1911 he graduated from the 3-grade city school and entered the Saratov technical railway school.
• In 1914, he was sent to practice at the Kirsanov station as a trainee technician in the position of a repair worker of the 5th distance of a locksmith track.
• On August 7, 1915, he was mobilized and sent to serve in the 60th reserve regiment (the city of Tambov). In the 60th reserve regiment, he served as a soldier for one month, then he was sent to the training team of this regiment, after which he was promoted to corporal, and then to junior non-commissioned officers.
• In February 1916 he was sent to the 4th Kiev school of warrant officers. After graduating from it in June 1916, he left for the front in the 37th Siberian Rifle Regiment of the 10th Siberian Rifle Division. As part of this regiment and division, he participated in the First World War on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. Chief of the machine-gun team of the 37th Siberian Rifle Regiment.
• In March-April 1918 he entered the office of the 5th distance of the locksmith's track again as a technician. At the same time, he led public work on military training of workers and employees of railway workers in the Vsevobuch system and worked as a secretary of the Kirsanovsky District Railway Council of Workers' Deputies. He held the post of regional commissar of track and traffic services until October 1918.
• Since October 3, 1918, a member of the VKP (b) party, (old Bolshevik). From October 1918 - deputy commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky rifle regiment, from May 1919 - commander of the 14th Rtishchevsky rifle regiment, located in Kirsanov and intended for the protection and defense of railway bridges. Commanding this regiment, during the so-called "echelon war", he participated in the battles on the Tambov-Balashov railway line near the station. Muchkap, Romanovka near the town of Balashov; on the line Gryazi-Borisoglebsk under st. Zherdevka and Borisoglebsk and st. Povorino. In August-September 1919 he took part in battles with K. K. Mamontov's corps near Sampur and Tambov, as well as near Voronezh at the Somovo station of the South-Eastern Railway.
• In the fall and winter of 1919, the 14th Rifle Regiment was reorganized into two separate battalions - the 34th and 33rd. 34th separate rifle battalion remains in Kirsanov under the command of M.S.Khozin.
• He took part in the fight against Antonovshchina as the commander of the 294th rifle regiment of the 33rd rifle division, and then the commander of the 98th brigade of the same division. Directly participated and led the hostilities under Art. Rtishchevo, Lomovis, Platonovka, Inokovka, Chakino, Oblovka, village Uvarovo, st. Drakes-Saburovo and others.
• In April 1921, M.S.Khozin was appointed commander of the 22nd separate brigade of the Cheka troops for the protection of the state border of the RSFSR with Latvia, and in the fall of the same year he was transferred to the city of Voronezh by the commander of the 113th separate brigade of the Oryol military district, with this brigade he left to the North Caucasian Military District. The brigade joined the 28th Infantry Division, in which the end of 1921, throughout 1922 and partially in 1923, fought against banditry in the Kuban, Terek and Dagestan.
• Army General Khetagurov, Georgy Ivanovich recalled: When I was assigned to the Mountain Division, it was stationed in Vladikavkaz. This was due to some of the features of the service. Vladikavkaz was now and then subjected to raids by nationalist gangs. As soon as we went to the shooting range or field exercises, the bandits broke into the city, robbed shops, markets, attacked the police, and killed party and Soviet workers. The bandits even tried to break into the apartment of our regiment commander M. S. Khozin. At night, he had to barricade the front doors and windows.
• In January 1924, he was appointed Assistant Commander of the 22nd Infantry Division (Krasnodar), from where he left for Moscow in the fall of the same year to study military academic courses (VAK) at the Military Academy of the Red Army. After graduating from the Higher Attestation Commission from 1925 to March 1937, he commanded sequentially:
• in 1924-1926 - 32nd rifle division(Stalingrad),
• in 1926-1932 - 34th Infantry Division (Kuibyshev),
• in 1932-1935 - 36th Rifle Division (Chita),
• in 1935-1937 - the 18th Infantry Division (Yaroslavl and Petrozavodsk).
• In 1930 he graduated from the courses of party political training for the one-man commanders at the Military-Political Academy.
• From November 26, 1935 - division commander.
• From March to September 1937 he was the commander of the 1st Rifle Corps in Novgorod. From September to December 1937, Deputy Commander of the Leningrad Military District, and. about. commander. From December 1937 to January 1939 - Commander of the Leningrad Military District.
• On October 7, 1938, he was approved as a member of the Military Council under the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR.
• From January 1939 until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War - the head of the Military Academy. Frunze. Made a report at a meeting of the senior leadership of the Red Army on December 23-31, 1940 on the work of the Academy.
• From 1938 to 1954 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, from the Pskov constituency.
• Since July 1941, Deputy Commander of the Reserve Front G.K. Zhukova. M. S.
• From the Western direction, G.K. Zhukov was appointed commander of the Leningrad Front, and Khozin remains with him. In September 1941, M.S.Khozin arrived in Leningrad on the same plane with G.K. Zhukov and I.I.Fedyuninsky. M. S. Khozin was appointed Chief of Staff of the Leningrad Front.
• On September 26, 1941 - Commander of the 54th Army, formed for the release of Leningrad. From October 1941 to May 1942 - commander of the Leningrad Front and at the same time (from April 1942) the Volkhov Group of Forces.
• He was removed from his post as commander of the Leningrad Front on June 8, 1942 with the wording: For failure to comply with the order of the Headquarters on the timely and prompt withdrawal of the 2nd Shock Army, for paper-bureaucratic methods of command and control, for separation from the troops, as a result of which the enemy cut the communications of the 2nd Shock Army and the latter was placed in an extremely difficult position
• After being removed from his post as front commander in June 1942, he was demoted to the Western Front as commander of the 33rd Army.
• From October 1942 to December 1942 - Deputy Commander of the Western Front. Again removed from office with the following wording: Colonel-General Khozin Mikhail Semenovich should be removed from his post as deputy commander of the Western Front for inactivity and a frivolous attitude to the matter and sent to the head of the Main Directorate of NCO Personnel.
• From December 4, 1942 until the end of the month - Commander of the 20th Army (1942-43). With regard to this period, M.S.Khozin recalled:
• In December, the Western Front, on its right flank, together with the Kalinin Front, conducted an operation to free Rzhev. It turned out to be unsuccessful, especially for the 20th army, which suffered heavy losses in manpower, tanks and cavalry. At that time I was in the 33rd and 5th armies of the front and was preparing there for an offensive operation. Commander of the Western Front, Comrade Konev, and Headquarters representative, Comrade Zhukov, summoned me and announced the decision of Headquarters to appoint me commander of the 20th Army. Upon arrival at the headquarters of the army, I was convinced that this army could not carry out offensive operations, as it turned out to be almost incapable of combat. I reported this to the front commander. They did not agree with me. But after a while there was a call on the government phone. Stalin was on the line. I repeated to him my considerations that under the given circumstances the offensive should be stopped, consolidated in the positions reached, withdraw the front reserve for replenishment and combat training of all divisions, which have lost their combat effectiveness due to large losses. The rate agreed with my suggestions. At the same time, it was ordered to prepare and conduct a private operation to intercept the Rzhev-Vyazma railway line. As a result of this operation, we did not take possession of the railway, but any movement along it became impossible.
• From January 1943 - Representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the 3rd Tank Army. M. S. Khozin recalled:
• On the night before the new year of 1943, I received an order to hand over Army 20 to Comrade Berzarin (later the hero of the storming of Berlin) and arrive at Headquarters, in Moscow. There I got acquainted with the upcoming operation, which was to be carried out by the Voronezh front. It went down in the history of the Patriotic War under the name "Ostrogozh-Rossoshan operation of 1943". It had the goal of encircling and destroying a large enemy grouping on the Don in the area of ​​the cities of Ostrogozhsk and Rossosh. On January 2, we went to the headquarters of the Voronezh front on a special train together with G.K. Zhukov. I was assigned to be a representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the 3rd Panzer Army, commanded by Major General Rybalko, later Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal of the Armored Forces. The Ostrogozh-Rossoshan operation was carried out from 13 to 27 January 1943. It ended with the encirclement and destruction of a large enemy grouping on the middle reaches of the Don. The 4th Hungarian Army and the Alpine Corps of the Italian Army were completely defeated. The number of captured Germans exceeded forty thousand. As a result of the operation, conditions were created for the defeat of the 2nd German fascist army, which was defending in the Kastornoye-Voronezh region, and an offensive in the Kharkov direction.
• Then the commander of a special group of forces of the North-Western Front, the so-called Special Group of Forces, General M. S. Khozin (January - March 1943).
• From March to December 1943 - Deputy Commander of the North-Western and Western Fronts. At the same time, in his own autobiography M.S.Khozin pointed out:
• In March-April 1943, I took part in the Rzhev-Vyazemsk operation, and at the end of it I prepared the 11th Army for the summer offensive behind the German troops occupying Oryol.
• From December 1943 he did not take part in hostilities.
• In the Orsha region in December 1943, Kh. Was wounded and sent for treatment to a hospital, first in Smolensk, and then near Moscow in Barvikha. He stayed in the hospital until March 1944 and due to poor health was appointed commander of the Volga Military District, where he was mainly engaged in preparing reserves for the front.
• Since 1944 - Commander of the Volga Military District.
• In July 1945, he was removed from office due to official inconsistency, for about a year he was at the disposal of the Main Directorate of Personnel of the USSR Armed Forces.
• From July 1946 - Head of the Military Pedagogical Institute, from February 1954 - Head of the Military Institute of Foreign Languages. From 1956 to 1963 - headed the higher academic courses, then the faculty of the Military Academy of the General Staff. In November 1963 - retired.
• He died on February 27, 1979 in Moscow. He was buried in the columbarium of the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Awards

• two Orders of Lenin (February 22, 1938, “in connection with the 20th Anniversary of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and the Navy ... for the ... shown ... courage and dedication in battles against the enemies of Soviet power and for outstanding successes and achievements in combat, political and technical training units and subdivisions of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army ")
• Order of the October Revolution;
• four Orders of the Red Banner;
• Order of the Red Star;
• Order of Suvorov, 1st class (April 9, 1943, "for the skillful and courageous leadership of military operations and for the successes achieved as a result of these operations in battles against the Nazi invaders")
• Order of Suvorov II degree (September 28, 1943, "for the skillful and courageous leadership of military operations to capture the cities of Smolensk and Roslavl and for the successes achieved as a result of these operations in battles against the Nazi invaders")